4926 research outputs found
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South-Indian manuscripts in Hamburg and Paris: Paratexts and Provenance, TST project (ANR & DFG, 2019-2023)
No full textOutput of the TST Project (ANR-DFG, FRAL 2018). Published as Indian and Tibetan Studies 17, Department of Indian and Tibetan Studies, University of Hamburg
Multispectral Imaging Data of the verso of the back flyleaf of manuscript "Ms. or. oct. 283" captured at Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz
No full textThis multispectral data of the verso of the back flyleaf of manuscript "Ms. or. oct. 283" was captured at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz in November 2025.
Ms. or. oct. 283 is a small codex containing prayers (horologion) in Georgian, written in Astrakhan in 1728 (see https://digital.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/werkansicht/?PPN=PPN873238567). It is especially interesting because of several notes of its owner, a certain Papuna Sologhashvili, applied (also in Georgian) during the years 1742-57, which include, along with personal matter, valuable information on the Seven Years' War. On its back fly leaf, one of the notes is written over an erased older one in Russian, which may conceal important information on previous ownership. This page was therefore imaged.
The MSI campaign was co-organised by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz (SBB) (https://ror.org/02ysgg478), the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures (CSMC), ERC project Development of Literacy in the Caucasian Territories (DeLiCaTe). Imaging was carried out using the CSMC MegaVision E7 multispectral imaging system. The MSI system was operated by the CSMC staff, the object was prepared and handled by the staff of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preusissscher Kulturbesitz conservation department. (See contributors)
Preview JPEGs in sRGB color space are compressed and of lower quality and are only intended for quick previewing. Original, high quality, D50 CIELAB TIF images can be found in the Color folders within each ZIP file. Each uploaded ZIP file contains the 16bit flattened TIF images ( carrying 12bit data) ready for image processing and 8bit JPG images. The sole purpose of the JPGs is viewing. Raw images are not included in this dataset simply for size reduction purposes. Raw images are stored internally on the servers of CSMC and, if necessary, can be separately accessed upon a reasonable request. For information about filenames and folder structure as well as MSI system, please see the files in the "info" folder and read the Brief Descriptions of Multispectral Imaging (MSI) Datasets.
Image processing was not performed
Data set for manuscript "Rock-enhanced biochar has similar priming effect as pure biochar application, but improves carbon stabilization in agricultural soils"
No full textThis dataset includes the data underlying the manuscript "Data set for manuscript "Rock-enhanced biochar has similar priming effect as pure biochar application, but improves carbon stabilization in agricultural soils".
Control treatments contain only soil, rock powder (RP) treatments contain soil and basanite rock powder, biochar (BC) treatments contain soil and wheat straw based biochar, Co-application (Co-app.) treatments contain soil and basanite rock powder and biochar, and co-pyrolysis (Co-pyr.) treatments contain soil and rock-enhanced biochar from co-pyrolysis
Freiwillige vor? Was die Deutschen von einer neuen Dienst- oder Wehrpflicht halten. UHH MOTRA Spotlight No. 15.
No full textZusammenfassung:
Angesichts einer verschärften außenpolitischen Bedrohungslage wird die Erhöhung der Anzahl von Soldatinnen und Soldaten der Bundeswehr weit überwiegend in Politik und Gesellschaft für notwendig erachtet. Uneinigkeit besteht jedoch darüber, ob dies mit einem Freiwilligenmodell oder einer gesetzlichen Wehrpflicht erreicht werden kann.
Im Juli 2025 wurde im Rahmen der MOTRA-Studie "Menschen in Deutschland: International" (MiDInt) eine repräsentative Onlinebefragung mit 2 279 Befragten im Alter ab 18 Jahren durchgeführt, die auch Fragen zum Thema Wehrpflicht und Freiwilligendienst enthielt. 29,6% der Teilnehmenden lehnen demnach jede Form einer Dienstpflicht ab. 42,0% befürworten eine einjährige allgemeine Dienstpflicht für Männer und Frauen unter 21 Jahren, egal ob diese bei der Bundeswehr oder anderswo abgeleistet wird. Eine allgemeine Wehrpflicht für Männer und Frauen wird von 32,9% akzeptiert. 10,5% befürworten eine allgemeine Wehrpflicht ausschließlich für Männer. In der Altersgruppe der 18- bis 29-Jährigen wird mit 44,6% besonders häufig jede Dienstpflicht abgelehnt.
Personen, die noch keinen Wehr- oder Zivildienst absolviert haben, erklärten zu 16,2%, Interesse an einer 6-monatigen militärischen Grundausbildung zu haben. Bei den 18- bis 29-Jährigen sind dies 19,1%. 38,9% aller Befragten wären bereit, Deutschland selbst aktiv mit der Waffe zu verteidigen. Bei den 18- bis 29-Jährigen ist diese Rate mit 30,2% niedriger als im Durchschnitt. Unter 18- bis 29-Jährigen mit deutscher Staatbürgerschaft finden sich 83,%, die sowohl Interesse an einer 6-monatigen militärischen Grundausbildung als auch die Bereitschaft zeigen, Deutschland mit der Waffe zu verteidigen. Bei jungen Männern beträgt diese Rate 14,3% bei jungen Frauen 6,0%. Für eine vorsichtige Schätzung der Personenzahl in der Bevölkerung, die bereit sind, freiwillig Wehrdienst zu leisten , wurde die untere Grenze des 95% Konfidenzintervalls der obigen Raten verwendet. Zusätzlich wurde noch eine Untauglichkeitsrate von 50% angenommen. Danach kann von mindestens 175 000 Männern und 70 000 Frauen im Alter von 18 bis 29 Jahren ausgegangen werden, die mit einem Freiwilligenmodell für den Dienst in der Bundeswehr zu gewinnen wären. Diese Befunde zeigen, dass eine hinreichende Aufstockung der Bundeswehr über ein Freiwilligenmodell erreicht werden kann. Die Erforderlichkeit der Einführung einer Wehrpflicht aufgrund eines unzureichend hohen Potenzials an Freiwilligen besteht demnach nicht.
Abstract:
Due to an increased threat level, politicians see a need to increase the number of Bundeswehr (German federal defence forces) soldiers. However, there is disagreement as to whether this can be achieved through a voluntary model or whether the reintroduction of compulsory military service is necessary.In July 2025, a representative online survey of 2,279 adults on these issues was conducted. 29.6% of respondents did not agree with any form of compulsory service; 42.0% would accept a compulsory service for men and women under the age of 21, with freedom of choice whether to perform this in the military forces or in other institutions. 32.9% agreed with compulsory military service that applies equally to men and women. 10.5% agreed with compulsory military service for men only. Among the 18-29 year old, the rate of rejection of any form of compulsory military service was 44.6%.
16.2% of all participants who had not already completed any military service indicated they were interested in a 6-month basic military training. Among those aged 18-29 years this rate was 19.1%. Furthermore, 38.9% of all respondents stated that they would be willing to actively defend Germany with a weapon. Among participants who were 18-29 years of age this figure was 30.2%. 8.3% of respondents aged 18-29 years and having a German citizenship, were both interested in a six-month basic military training and also willing to defend Germany with a weapon. This rate was 14.3% for young men and 6.0% for young women.
To estimate the minimum number of people aged 18 to 29 who can be recruited as volunteers for the Bundeswehr, the lower margin of the 95% confidence interval of these rates was used. Furthermore a 50% rate of unfitness for military service was taken into account. As a result, it is estimatetd that at least 175,000 young men and 70,000 young women of the population between the ages of 18 and 29 will be willing to join the military service on a voluntary basis. These findings indicate that the expansion of the Bundeswehr can be achieved through a volunteer model. In so far there is currently empirically no indication for a need to reintroduce compulsory military service
Multispectral Imaging Data of "Hs. Or. 15246" captured at Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz
No full textThis multispectral data of the manuscript fragment "Hs. Or. 15246" was captured at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz in November 2025.
The manuscript, acquired only in 2022 (see https://www.qalamos.net/receive/DE1Book_manuscript_00066341), is a palimpsest with both its overtext and its undertext in Armenian. The lower layer, written in majuscules throughout, is a very important early witness of the Armenian Bible translation; it contains the Acts of Apostles and the Catholic Letters with remnants of the so-called Euthalian apparatus.
The MSI campaign was co-organised by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz (SBB) (https://ror.org/02ysgg478), the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures (CSMC), ERC project Development of Literacy in the Caucasian Territories (DeLiCaTe). Imaging was carried out using the CSMC MegaVision E7 multispectral imaging system. The MSI system was operated by the CSMC staff, the object was prepared and handled by the staff of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preusissscher Kulturbesitz conservation department. (See contributors)
Preview JPEGs in sRGB color space are compressed and of lower quality and are only intended for quick previewing. Original, high quality, D50 CIELAB TIF images can be found in the Color folders within each ZIP file and in the PROCESSED folder. Each uploaded ZIP file contains a folder with the 16bit flattened TIF images (carrying 12bit data) ready for image processing, a folder with preview 8bit JPG images and a processed folder with 8 or 24 bit processed images. Raw images are not included in this dataset simply for size reduction purposes. Raw images are stored internally on the servers of CSMC and, if necessary, can be separately accessed upon a reasonable request. For information about filenames and folder structure as well as MSI system, please see the files in the "info" folder and read the Brief Descriptions of Multispectral Imaging (MSI) Datasets as well as the "readme" file
BOLD social action projects: overview and analysis of project templates
No full textThis document provides a comprehensive analysis of 35 social action projects developed by student teachers across the BOLD partner institutions, by means of a standardised template. It outlines the structure and purpose of the reporting template and synthesizes the main insights emerging from the completed projects, highlighting how they were designed, implemented and justified within diverse curricular, sociolinguistic and community contexts. The report examines institutional characteristics, course settings, rationales, project typologies, thematic pathways, and forms of collaboration with community partners. The findings illustrate how student teachers engaged with linguistic and cultural diversity, fostered inclusion through creative, research-based and community-oriented practices, and developed more reflective and socially responsive professional identities
Post-retrieval noradrenergic activation impairs subsequent memory depending on cortico-hippocampal reactivation
No full textWhen retrieved, seemingly stable memories can become sensitive to significant events, such as acute stress. The mechanisms underlying these memory dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we show that noradrenergic stimulation after memory retrieval impairs subsequent remembering, depending on hippocampal and cortical signals emerging during retrieval. In a three-day study, we measured brain activity using fMRI during initial encoding, 24h-delayed memory cueing followed by pharmacological elevations of glucocorticoid or noradrenergic activity, and final recall. While post-retrieval glucocorticoids did not affect subsequent memory, the impairing effect of noradrenergic arousal on final recall depended on hippocampal reactivation and category-level reinstatement in ventral temporal cortex during memory cueing. These effects did not require a reactivation of the original memory trace and did not interact with offline reinstatement during rest. Our findings demonstrate that, depending on the retrieval-related neural reactivation of memories, noradrenergic arousal after retrieval can alter the future accessibility of consolidated memories
Strengthening the educational success of socially disadvantaged children with a migrant background at all-day schools - expert interviews (open-access version)
No full textResearch project
The project “Educational Success and Social Participation of Socially and Educationally Disadvantaged Students with Migration Background in Extended Education” (abbr. in German: GeLeGanz) was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under the funding code 01JB211A-C from 2021 to 2025.
Traditionally, the German education system is organized as a “half-day”-system; instruction usually takes place in the morning. Many stakeholders see the conversion from half-day to all-day schooling as a way of overcoming the challenges facing the system, including those posed by immigration. High expectations are attached to the expansion of all-day schooling, in particular the strengthening of the educational success and social participation of socially and educationally disadvantaged students with a migration background. As yet however, these goals have not been sufficiently achieved in Germany. Education systems in other countries have established comparable offerings of high quality that appear to be effective. The GeLeGanz project aims to use findings and knowledge from other countries to better exploit the potential of all-day schools in Germany, particularly at the primary school level. The primary focus of the GeLeGanz project is on the potential of all-day primary schools to improve the educational opportunities of socially and educationally disadvantaged students, in particular those who live in a migrant family.
GeLeGanz is a collaborative project, carried out by three partners.
Freie Universität Berlin (FU):
Prof. Dr. Marianne Schüpbach (Coordinator of the collaborative project, Co-head of the subproject FU Berlin): [email protected]
Dr. Nanine Lilla (Co-head of the subproject FU Berlin): [email protected]
Dr. Haiqin Ning (Researcher, Operational coordinator of the collaborative project): [email protected]
Jule Schmidt (Researcher): [email protected]
German Children and Youth Foundation (DKJS):
Anna-Margarete Davis (Co-head of the subproject DKJS): [email protected]
Nicola Andresen (Co-Lead of the subproject DKJS and school counselling): [email protected]
University of Hamburg (UHH):
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Ingrid Gogolin (head of the subproject UHH): [email protected]
Luise Krejcik (Researcher): [email protected]
To achieve the objectives, the project was divided into the following phases:
Phase I: Expert interviews with researchers from the German and international research context on their perception of quality features and conditions for the successful design of all-day schools.
Phase II: The experts were interviewed again to evaluate and further specify the results with regard to the target group. For this, they were provided with a summary of the statements made by researchers from the German and international research context in Phase I.
Phase III: Focus group interviews with various practice-oriented actors from the German all-day school context, based on the results of expert interviews, to gain information and assessments related to the implementation of measures that might improve all-day schooling in Germany.
Phase IV: Based on the insights gained in the first three parts of the project, materials and concepts should be developed together with practice partner DKJS and transfer partners.
Project website: https://www.ewi-psy.fu-berlin.de/en/v/geleganz/index.html
Data set in UHH
The present data set comprises 30 expert interviews with 15 researchers from the German education research community, which were collected as part of the GeLeGanz project in phase I and II.
Experts: 15 researchers were interviewed twice (1x in phase I and 1x in phase II of the project). All were experts with relevant research experience, but different perspectives on the project’s guiding questions: all-day schools, informal and nonformal education, cultural and language diversity, social inequality and school development. The interview partners were identified via a review of empirical research on conditions of educational success of socially disadvantaged children with a migrant background and the potential advantages of all-day schools.
Interview procedure & topics: A sequential approach was chosen for conducting the interviews: In Phase I, interviewees were asked for
research-based assessments of features of high-quality all-day schools, especially for the support of socially disadvantaged children with a migration history,
factors that promote or hinder participation in all-day schools’ offers,
assessments of the current all-day school landscape in Germany.
In Phase II, the experts were interviewed again. They were provided with a summary of the statements made by the German and international experts in interviews of phase I. Experts were invited to prioritize the mentioned quality features and the potential for adaptation and implementation in the German context.
A semi-structured, problem-centred approach was used to conduct the interviews (Witzel, 2000). The guidelines included narrative-generating impulse questions, follow-up questions to promote understanding and narrative generation, and ad hoc questions on the topics discussed. The interviews were conducted in German by two trained interviewers (online or analogous). All interviews were recorded based on informed consent.
Period of the survey: The interviews were conducted from March to December 2022.
Transcription & anonymization: The transcripts were initially computer-generated, then completely revised manually according to established transcription and anonymization rules (Rädiker and Kuckartz, 2019, p. 44f).
Contents of the data set UHH:
Collected storage of the 30 interview transcripts in a single MAXQDA project (version 2022, MX22-file)
Individual file of the 30 interview transcripts in Excel format (xls) and html format
Anonymization and transcription rules, data naming scheme (pdf)
Note: The dataset is stored in the ZFMD repository of the University of Hamburg in both an open-access (DOI 10.25592/uhhfdm.14815) and a restricted-access version (DOI 10.25592/uhhfdm.14771). Both datasets are available from January 1, 2026. In the open access dataset, research-related data such as research projects and studies of the respondents are anonymized in addition to personal and school-related data. In the restricted access dataset, only the respondents' personal and school-related data are anonymized.
References:
Rädiker, S., & Kuckartz, U. (2019). Analyse qualitativer Daten mit MAXQDA: Text, Audio und Video. Springer Fachmedien.
Witzel, A. (2000). Das problemzentrierte Interview [25 Absätze]. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1), Article 22. http://nbnresolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs000122
MODIS Collection 6.1 global 8-daily LAI and FAPAR
No full textAbstract: Original LAI and FAPAR data (see https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod15a2hv061/) are read together with their bit-encoded quality information from the HDF-files. The quality information is decoded and provided in form of separate flag layers in addition to the LAI and FAPAR data for each tile of the MODIS sinusoidal grid in netCDF file format (see https://www.cen.uni-hamburg.de/en/icdc/data/land/modis-lai-fpar.html and https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.16751). These are subsequently read and re-gridded onto an equi-rectangular climate modeling grid (CMG). Only those LAI and FAPAR values are used where i) the cloud flag indicates a maximum of two cloud influences, and where ii) cloud cover is clearly defined, i.e. "assumed clear sky" is not used. Flag layers are summarized such that there is gridded information about 1) cloud fraction, 2) fraction of average and high aerosol load, 3) primary and secondary land-cover type, and 4) primary and secondary quality flag. Primary and secondary refer to the highest and 2nd-highest pixel count of the respective type or flag within the grid cell. Note that the count of valid values differs for the grid cell mean LAI and FAPAR and their variance, and for the grid-cell mean retrieval standard deviation.
TableOfContents: Grid cell mean FAPAR; Grid cell mean LAI; FAPAR variance across grid cell; LAI variance across grid cell; Grid cell mean FAPAR retrieval standard deviation; Grid cel mean LAI retrieval standard deviation; Count of useful FAPAR or LAI values per grid cell; Count of useful FAPAR or LAI retrieval standard deviation values in grid cell; Primary quality flag; Secondary quality flag; Primary land cover; Secondary land cover; Grid cell cloud fraction; Grid cell aerosol fraction
Technical Info: dimension: 720 columns x 360 rows x unlimited; temporalExtent_startDate: 2000-02-18; temporalExtent_endDate: 2024-12-31; temporalResolution: 8-daily; spatialResolution: 0.5; spatialResolutionUnit: degrees; horizontalResolutionXdirection: 0.5; horizontalResolutionXdirectionUnit: degrees; horizontalResolutionYdirection: 0.5; horizontalResolutionYdirectionUnit: degrees; verticalResolution: none; verticalResolutionUnit: none; verticalStart: none; verticalEnd: none; instrumentName: MODerate Resolution Spectroradiometer (MODIS); instrumentType: visible_to_infrared_spectroradiometer; instrumentLocation: Earth Observation Satellite (EOS) Terra; instrumentProvider: NOAA/NASA
Methods: [1] MODIS collection 6.1 (C61) LAI/FPAR Product User Guide, https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/926/MOD15_User_Guide_V61.pdf ; [2] Myneni, R. B., et al., Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD), v4.0, http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/atbd/atbd_mod15.pdf; [3] Yang, et al., From validation to algorithm improvement. Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 44, 1885-1898, 2006; [4] Morisette, et al., Validation of global moderate resolution LAI products: A framework proposed within the CEOS Land Product Validation subgroup, Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 44, 1804-1817, 2006; [5] Garrigues, et al., Validation and intercomparison of global Leaf Area Index products derived from remote sensing data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G02028, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000635, 2008; [6] https://www.cen.uni-hamburg.de/en/icdc/data/land/modis-lai-fpar.html
Units: Units for all variables (see TableOfContents): percent, m2/m2, percent, m4/m4, percent, m2/m2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, percent, percent
geoLocations: westBoundLongitude: -180.0 degrees East; eastBoundLongitude: 180.0 degrees East; southBoundLatitude: -90.0 degrees North; northBoundLatitude: 90.0 degrees North; geoLocationPlace: global on land
Size: (files are packed into one zip-file per year)
2000: 40 files, 9864980 byte / file
2001: 44 files (20010618 and 20010626 are missing)
2002: 35 files (20020101 until 20020322 are missing)
2003-2024: 46 files / year
Format: netCDF
DataSources:
Original data on sinusoidal grid tiles in hdf-format: https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.061 [last access: 2025-01-13], see also: https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod15a2hv061/ [last access: 2025-01-13]
Data on sinusoidal grid tiles in netCDF-format: https://www.cen.uni-hamburg.de/en/icdc/data/land/modis-lai-fpar.html [last access: 2025-02-03] and https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.16751 [last access: 2025-02-03]
Contact: stefan.kern (at) uni-hamburg.de
Web page: https://www.cen.uni-hamburg.de/en/icdc/data/land/modis-lai-fpar.html [last access: 2025-02-03
Material Analysis of Papyri from the chancellery of Qurra b. Sharik
No full textThis poster was presented in: International Conference on Innovation in Art Research and Technology – InArt 2024
Abstract
An important corpus of administrative texts from early Islamic Egypt is the Qurra dossier, which contains letters sent by Qurra b. Sharik (709-14 C-E), the governor of Egypt, to his pagarachs (heads of districts), mostly Basilios, the pagarach of Aphorodito. These letters were written in both Greek and Arabic, following a similar structural construct. The Qurra dossier also includes bilingual texts, wherein the same texts are recorded twice in the two languages on the same piece of papyrus. Most of these letters concern public law, including tax collection, and provide information about early Islamic administrative practices in multilingual Egypt (Richter 2016; Bosworth 2012). The papyri forming the Qurra dossier are now preserved among various libraries and institutes worldwide.
While a majority of these texts have been carefully studied by manuscript scholars in recent years, these papyri have never been investigated from the perspective of material analysis. With multilingual documentary texts likely originating from the same place, these documents can provide us with insights into scribal practices in early Islamic Egypt, specifically at the chancellery of Qurra b. Sharik. In this study, we carried out material analysis of Qurra papyri preserved at the Institut de Papyrologie de la Sorbonne.
Two Arabic, three Greek, and one bilingual papyri from the Qurra dossier were investigated using equipment from the CSMC mobile lab. The analytical protocol developed by the Centre for Study of Manuscript Culture (CSMC), Universität Hamburg and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) for the study of inks in written artefacts was followed for the investigation of the fragments (Rabin et al. 2012; Colini et al. 2021). This includes an initial screening using a digital microscope (DinoLite AD4113T-I2V) under ultraviolet (395 nm), near infrared (940 nm) and visible (white) light source to discriminate between the ink types, followed by Infrared Reflectography using APOLLO Infrared Reflectography Imaging System (IRR) from OPUS instruments in combination with a Long Wave Pass Filter (LWP1510, range 1510–1700 nm) to confirm the presence of carbon. This was followed by elemental analysis of inks and supports using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, carried out using a Bruker Crono XRF spectrometer. The results indicated the use of carbon-based inks for writing in all six papyri. However, two different inks were used for penning the bilingual document: the Arabic sections were written using a carbon ink containing copper, while the Greek sections were penned using pure carbon inks. Another Greek text seems to have been written with a carbon-iron gall mixed ink. However, no distinct pattern could be deciphered with the limited number of fragments analysed. These results are part of a broader project on the use of inks and writing support on documents from the early Islamic centuries, including other papyri fragments from the Qurra dossier, carried out at the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures