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Examining the motivations of sharing political deepfake videos: the role of political brand hate and moral consciousness
No full textInternational audiencePurposeDeepfakes are fabricated content created by replacing an original image or video with someone else. Deepfakes have recently become commonplace in politics, posing serious challenges to democratic integrity. The advancement of AI-enabled technology and machine learning has made creating synthetic videos relatively easy. This study explores the role of political brand hate and individual moral consciousness in influencing electorates' intention to share political deepfake content.Design/methodology/approachThe study creates and uses a fictional deepfake video to test the proposed model. Data are collected from N = 310 respondents in India and tested using partial least square–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS v3.FindingsThe findings support that ideological incompatibility with the political party leads to political brand hate, positively affecting the electorates' intention to share political deepfake videos. This effect is partially mediated by users' reduced intention to verify political deepfake videos. In addition, it is observed that individual moral consciousness positively moderates the effect of political brand hate on the intention to share political deepfake videos. Intention to share political deepfake videos thus becomes a motive to seek revenge on the hated party, an expression of an individual's ideological hate and a means to preserve one's moral self-concept and strengthen their ideologies and moral beliefs.Originality/valueThe study expands the growing discussion about disseminating political deepfake videos using the theoretical lens of the negative consumer-brand relationship. It validates the effect of political brand hate on irrational behavior that is intended to cause harm to the hated party. Further, it provides a novel perspective that individual moral consciousness may fuel the haters' desire to engage in anti-branding behavior. Political ideological incompatibility reflects ethical reasons for brand hate. Therefore, hate among individuals with high moral consciousness serves to preserve their moral self
The commodity risk premium and neural networks
No full textInternational audienceThe paper uses linear and nonlinear predictive models to study the linkage between a set of 128 macroeconomic and financial predictors and the risk premium of commodity futures contracts. The linear models use shrinkage methods based on either naive averaging or principal components. The nonlinear models use feedforward deep neural networks (DNN) either as stand-alone or in conjunction with a long short-term memory network (LSTM). Out of the four specifications considered, the LSTM-DNN architecture best captures the risk premium, which underscores the need to estimate models that are both nonlinear and recurrent. The superior performance of the LSTM-DNN portfolio persists after accounting for transaction costs or illiquidity and is unrelated to previously-documented commodity risk factors
The Spillover Effect of Economic Policy Uncertainty: Evidence from Analyst Behaviors in Hong Kong
No full textInternational audienceThis paper examines the spillover effect of economic policy uncertainty on the financial market by comparing how local and external policy uncertainties affect the behaviors of analysts in an international financial center. Unlike findings in the United States and the United Kingdom, high local policy uncertainty does not significantly decrease analysts' earnings forecast accuracy or exacerbate forecast dispersion in Hong Kong. In contrast, high external policy uncertainty from Mainland China, the U.S., Europe, and across the globe significantly decrease analysts' forecast accuracy in Hong Kong, although these external policy uncertainties have also no significant effect on forecast dispersion. In addition, both local and external policy uncertainties have significant impact on analyst coverage and recommendations. These results provide strong evidence on the crosscountry spillover effect of economic policy uncertainty on a developed and international financial market
Forecasting the volatility of precious metals prices with global economic policy uncertainty in pre and during the COVID-19 period: Novel evidence from the GARCH-MIDAS approach
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Say “yes”, Say “what?” … about climate change.Is shareholder engagement for climate issues specific?
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Excess Control Rights, Multiple Large Shareholders, and Corporate Cash Holding Behavior
No full textInternational audienceThis article examines the effects of excess control rights of the controlling shareholder and the presence of multiple large shareholders on the propensity of firms to save cash out of cash flow, i.e. the sensitivity of cash to cash flow. Using a data set covering 6,430 firm–year observations of 634 French listed firms, the evidence shows that firms have high cash flow sensitivity of cash when the controlling shareholder‘s control rights exceed its cash-flow ownership. However, this sensitivity decreases with the contestability of the controlling owner‘s power. Taken together, these findings provide empirical support to the argument that firms experiencing excess control rights save more cash out of cash flow due to their considerable financial constraints that are lowered in the presence of high control contestability.Cet article examine les effets de l’exècs des droits de contrôle de l’actionnaire de contrôle et de la présence de plusieurs actionnaires majoritaires sur la propension des entreprises à économiser de la trésorerie sur les flux de trésorerie, c’est-à-dire la sensibilité de la trésorerie au flux de trésorerie. À l’aide de données couvrant 6 430 observations de 634 entreprises françaises cotées, les résultats montrent que les entreprises ont une sensibilité élevée aux flux de trésorerie lorsque les droits de contrôle de l’actionnaire majoritaire dépassent sa propriété de flux de trésorerie. Cependant, cette sensibilité diminue avec la contestabilité du pouvoir du propriétaire contrôlant. Pris ensemble, ces résultats étayent empiriquement l’argument selon lequel les entreprises qui connaissent un excès des droits de contrôle économisent davantage de liquidités en raison de leurs contraintes financières importantes qui sont réduites en présence d’une forte contestabilité du contrôle
Product information and green consumption: An integrated perspective of regulatory focus, self-construal, and temporal distance
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding consumer information processing is fundamental. Previous studies investigated the effect of message framing and self-construal in green consumption using self-reported measures and obtaining contrasting results. This study used the eye-tracking method across two studies to examine the effect of promotion- vs. prevention-framed messages on green consumption. Study 1 confirms that promotion (vs. prevention)-framed information attracts more attention from independent (vs. interdependent) individuals. Moreover, temporal distance strengthens this matching effect (Study 2). Overall, this study uncovers consumers’ processing of messages with different regulatory frames from a visual attention perspective and offers valuable insights about the three-way interaction to promote green consumption
Why common job demands are challenging for individuals with mental illness: the interaction of personal vulnerability factors and ableist norms
No full textInternational audiencePurpose Drawing on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this study aims to examine which job demands individuals with diagnosed mental illness perceive to be most challenging as they navigate the workplace, why this is the case and which resources individuals tend to mobilize to meet these demands. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on 257 qualitative surveys filled out by individuals with mental illness in various parts of the world. Findings The findings show that job demands that are common in today's workplace such as a high workload and a stressful environment are considered challenging by individuals with mental illness. Further, the authors show that this is the result of the ideal worker norm consisting of the need to be a steady performer that is confident, resilient and social with which the performer cannot comply on the one hand and the particularities of this population, such as performers' self-perceived low self-esteem, sensitivity to stress, fluctuating symptoms and difficulties with the social aspects of organizational life on the other hand. Originality/value The study points to the unique challenges of individuals with mental illness in the workplace and highlights the role human resource management (HRM) can play in providing support to allow this population to meet the demands of one's job more easily and thrive at work
Self-regulation, micro-foundations and migrant entrepreneurs’ capacities for resilience
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, using regulatory focus theory (RFT), we adopt a microfoundational approach to illuminate how migrant entrepreneurs develop forms of resilience within a small firm context. Conceptually we showcase how the fusing of individual and organizational interactions enables the enactment of generative resilience capacities. Our empirical study involves a qualitative, interpretative approach encompassing sixty-one interviews with migrant entrepreneurs across three urban centres in the UK. The enactment of resilience capacities is activated through legitimacy building, network building and resource and capability development. Theoretically we underscore the role of accumulated agency, which aids migrant entrepreneurs to overcome existing structural challenges and in doing so, build resilience capacities. Our findings also reveal the temporal nature of resilience capacity building, involving real-time, retrospective and prospective actions. We offer theoretical contributions, practical implications and signpost directions for future research