Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Rizik - specifičan oblik ugrožavanja bezbednosti
Get PDFIn everyday life, the terms such as challenge, risk and threat are often used, primarily to warn of an existing or potential danger posed to safety of people, objects, assets, and other values. In the security theory and practice such meaning is represented by syntagmatic notions - challenges, risks and threats to security, or security challenges, risks and threats. Resolving any security issue is associated with decision process (decision making and execution), and any decision process involves an exposure to a certain amount of danger (risk). The paper discusses significant aspects of security risk, and points to its universality as regards posing a danger to security. Bringing the two parties' (the security subject and the danger subject) decisions face to face is problematized in relation to the security object (values being protected), as regards the risk scope, character, and specific features of both parties in conflict.U svakodnevnom životu često se upotrebljavaju izrazi izazov, rizik i pretnja, prvenstveno da upozore na postojeću ili moguću opasnost za bezbednost ljudi, predmeta, sredstava i drugih vrednosti. U teoriji i praksi bezbednosti takvo značenje predstavljaju sintagmatski pojmovi - izazovi, rizici i pretnje bezbednosti ili bezbednosni izazovi, rizici i pretnje. Rešavanje bilo kakvog bezbednosnog problema u vezi je sa odlučivanjem (donošenje i realizacija odluka), a svako odlučivanje podrazumeva izlaganje određenom stepenu opasnosti (rizik). U radu su razmotreni bitni aspekti bezbednosnog rizika, pri tome, ukazano je na njegovu univerzalnost u pogledu ugrožavanja bezbednosti. Problematizovana je sučeljenost odluka dveju strana (subjekt bezbednosti i subjekt opasnosti) u odnosu na objekt bezbednosti (vrednosti koje se štite), s obzirom na obim, karakter i specifičnosti rizika obeju strana u konfliktu
Kontrola kvaliteta kvalitativnih istraživanja
Get PDFBy enhancing the application of qualitative research approach the need for the development of formal standards for appraisal of qualitative studies has strengthened, which has improved their credibility. After a review of the most significant methodological standpoints on the possibilities for establishing quality control of qualitative studies, in this paper, we summarize the principles of good practice in several areas: quality control of research design, conceptualization of research questions and creation of theoretical research framework, quality control of data collection, sample adequacy, quality control of data analysis, as well as with research reports. All the research levels, applied procedures and specific research proceedings are capable of quality appraisal. A precondition of valid appraisal is the sufficient documentation of an applied research procedure, that the researcher should offer in an adequate format of report. Every stage of research must be open for public appraisal, and the methodological apparatus used should be described clearly, precisely and in enough detail.Snaženjem primene kvalitativnog istraživačkog pristupa pojačava se potreba za razvijanjem formalnih standarda procene kvalitativnih istraživanja, čime se unapređuje njihova verodostojnost. Nakon pregleda najznačajnijih metodoloških stanovišta o mogućnostima uspostavljanja kontrole kvaliteta kvalitativnih istraživanja, u radu se sumiraju principi dobre prakse u nekoliko oblasti: kontroli kvaliteta nacrta istraživanja, konceptualizaciji istraživačkog pitanja i stvaranje teorijskog okvira istraživanja, kontroli kvaliteta prikupljanja podataka, adekvatnosti uzorka, kontroli kvaliteta analize podataka, kao i izveštaj o istraživanju. Proceni kvaliteta podležu sve istraživačke faze, primenjene procedure i posebni istraživački postupci. Preduslov validne procene jeste dovoljna dokumentovanost primenjene istraživačke procedure, koju će istraživač ponuditi u adekvatnom formatu izveštaja. Sve faze istraživanja moraju biti otvorene za javnu procenu, a metodološka procedura opisana jasno i sa dovoljno detalja
Pristup metodologiji integralnog upravljanja rizikom u organizaciji
Get PDFIn a dynamic environment, every organization ought to provide a risk management process that will be capable to continually detect changes and respond to them. The methodology of risk assessment described in this paper is of general nature and therefore it may be applied to wide spectrum of activities, decisions and operations of any public, private, or socially-owned enterprises, associations, groups, or individuals. Yet, its application involves certain prerequisites that are also dealt with in this paper.U dinamičnom okruženju svaka organizacija bi morala da obezbedi proces upravljanja rizicima, koji će biti u stanju da neprestano detektuje promene i odgovara na njih. Metodologija procene rizika opisana u ovom radu je opšteg karaktera i stoga može biti primenjena na širok spektar aktivnosti, odluka i operacija bilo kojih javnih, privatnih ili društvenih preduzeća, asocijacija, grupa ili pojedinaca. Ipak, njena primena podrazumeva određene preduslove kojima se ovaj rad takođe bavi
Krivičnopravna represija kao instrument zaštite motornih vozila u krivičnopravnoj i kriminalističoj praksi
Get PDFThis paper presents comparative analysis of the provisions which provide criminal legal protection of motor vehicles in several European and ex-Yugoslavian legislations. Furthermore, the authors give short historical overview and current situation related to this issue in legislation of the Republic of Serbia. Also, they highlight several contested issues related to the practical enforcement of those provisions specifically in the work of the police and prosecution office. They point out to the unfortunate police practice in which the vehicle theft has almost without exception been qualified as unauthorized use of another's vehicle in the absence of evidence about the offender's intent. Accordingly, it has been asserted that those circumstances are particularly favourable to the offenders having considered the difference between sentences prescribed for this crime and that of serious theft and the real intent of the offenders which is usually focused on acquiring unlawful material gain. It has been emphasized that those offences are usually committed by organized criminal groups which have been specialized for this type of crime. Authors further explore the potential reasons for this kind of police conduct and point out to the necessity for re-defining of police and prosecutorial practice in this segment of their actions. The final part of the article offers a short overview of contemporary tendencies in criminal activities related to the vehicle thefts and new course of police practice focused on their detection and providing evidence.U radu je iznet uporednopravni prikaz odredaba kojim se u nekoliko evropskih zakonodavstava, kao i zakonodavstvima bivših jugoslovenskih republika, daje krivičnopravna zaštita motornih vozila. Autori, zatim, iznose kratak istorijat i aktuelno stanje vezano za ovu problematiku u zakonodavstvu Republike Srbije, a zatim ukazuju na nekoliko spornih pitanja koja se odnose na njihovu praktičnu primenu, pre svega od strane policije i tužilaštva. Oni ukazuju na činjenicu da policijsko postupanje u kojem se nestanak vozila kvalifikuje skoro bez izuzetaka kao neovlašćeno korišćenje vozila, u odsustvu informacije o stvarnoj nameri učinioca, nažalost, predstavlja standard. Zbog toga smatraju da se radi o okolnosti koja ide na ruku učiniocima, ako se ima u vidu razlika između zaprećene kazne za ovo delo i krivično delo teške krađe, kao i stvarna namera učinilaca koja je obično usmerena u pravcu sticanja imovinske koristi. Pri tome apostrofiraju da se ova dela uglavnom vrše od strane kriminalnih grupa koji se na organizovan način bave tim poslom. Autori istražuju moguće uzroke ovakvog policijskog postupanja i ukazuju na potrebu redefinisanja policijske i tužilačke prakse u ovom segmentu delovanja. U završnom delu rada dat je kratak prikaz savremenih tendencija kriminalnog delovanja koje se odnose na krađe vozila i novijih pravaca policijskog postupanja usmerenih na njihovo rasvetljavanje i obezbeđivanje dokaza
Transnacionalne kompanije - globalna imperija
Get PDFOwners of big capital have power to create the market and convince consumers that it is exactly their products and services what they need. They are the 'transnational elite'. The global empire. On their chess board stand all: TNC, the states, the science and technology, the governmental and nongovernmental organizations, and the world public opinion. This paper has two goals: First, to offer a statistical survey of available data on transnational companies and the GDP of certain states. Second, by using a comparative method to demystificate the very transnational companies as planers and creators of the global empire, that is of their genesis, work method and mutual interactions, as well as interaction with certain states, governmental organizations and some interest groups. By the method of analysis of content an insight is gained into theoretical, normative, curricular and other literature related to the problematic that is investigated. This enabled collection of relevant data on numerous aspects of the investigated phenomenon. .Vlasnici krupnog kapitala poseduju moć da kreiraju tržišta i ubede potrošače da su im baš njihovi proizvodi ili usluge neophodni. Oni su 'transnacionalna elita'. Globalna imperija. Na njihovoj šahovskoj tabli su i TNK, i države, i nauka i tehnologija, i međuvladine i nevladine organizacije, i svetsko javno mnjenje. Ovaj rad ima dva cilja. Prvo, da pruži statistički prikaz dostupnih podataka o transnacionalnim korporacijama i BDP-u određenih država. Drugo, primenom komparativnog metoda dolazi se do demistifikacije samih transnacionalnih korporacija kao planera i stvaralaca globalne imperije, odnosno njihovog nastanka, metoda rada i međusobnih sprega, kao i sprega sa određenim državama, međuvladinim organizacijama i pojedinim interesnim grupacijama. Metodom analize sadržaja izvršen je uvid u teorijske, normativne, udžbeničke i druge izvore u vezi sa istraživanom problematikom, što je omogućilo prikupljanje relevantnih podataka o brojnim aspektima istraživane pojave.
Nacionalna bezbednost - alternative i perspektive
Get PDFIn this work author analyzed a modern concept of national security and alternatives to the concept that have appeared so far in contemporary theory and practice. The concept of human security that had emerged in the middle of nineties in last century has been estimated by many theoreticians as 'a finally found' alternative to a state-centered concept of national security that excluded a person- individual as a referential object of security defense. However, the states which have been among the first ones to have embraced this concept of human security and implemented it into their own security strategies and politics have not abandoned from their systems of national security at the same time. On the contrary, majority of these states have additionally strengthened their own armed forces, therefore in practice having established some sort of a middle form of these two concepts, that is being regarded as a basis for a new conceptualization of security.U radu se analizira savremeni koncept nacionalne bezbednosti i alternative koje se tom konceptu pojavljuju u savremenoj teoriji i praksi. Koncept ljudske bezbednosti koji se pojavio sredinom devedesetih godina prošloga veka, mnogi teoretičari su dočekali kao 'napokon pronađenu ' alternativu državocentričnom konceptu nacionalne bezbednosti, koji je čoveka- pojedinca isključivao kao referentni objekat bezbednosne zaštite. Međutim, države koje su prve prihvatile koncept ljudske bezbednosti i uključile ga u svoje bezbednosne strategije i politike, nisu odustale od sistema nacionalne bezbednosti, naprotiv, većina tih država je dodatno ojačala svoje oružane snage, čime je u praksi uspostavljen, srednji put između ova dva koncepta, za koji smatramo da će biti osnova za novu konceptualizaciju bezbednosti
Tetovaža i pirsing među srednjoškolcima u Beogradu
Get PDFBelgrade is an urban environment, with excellent media coverage, which offers to the young people a tattoo and body piercing as a commodity for consumption and as a role model of behavior. Having in mind that tattoo and body piercing are usually associated with certain subcultures, and that young people are prone to building a social identity through affiliation into different subcultures, the research was conducted on a correspondent sample of young people who attended a third grade high school in Belgrade. It was found that more than a half of respondents considered tattoos and body piercing as something positive, something that has an aesthetic value and symbolic meaning, and that they modify their bodies in such a way.Beograd predstavlja urbanu sredinu, medijski odlično pokrivenu, koja mladima nudi tetovažu i pirsing kao robu za konzumiranje i kroz uzore u ponašanju. S obzirom da se tetovaža i pirsing najčešće povezuju sa određenim subkulturama, kao i da su mladi skloni da grade socijalni identitet kroz pripadnost tim subkulturama, sprovedeno je istraživanje na prigodnom uzorku mladih koji su pohađali treći razred srednje ekonomske škole u Beogradu. Utvrđeno je da više od pola ispitanika prihvata tetovažu i pirsing kao nešto pozitivno, nešto što ima estetsku vrednost i simboličko značenje i rado bi modifikovali svoje telo na taj način
Religija i terorizam
Get PDFThis paper gives an overview of relationship between religion and terrorism, relations between religious fundamentalism and extremism, intolerance and terrorism. Basic characteristics of the religious fundamentalism, terrorism and religious terrorist acts are given. Also, the difference between peacemaking believers and those who are prone to violence is mentioned. It is explained why and how those differences are made. Main questions that are the subject of this essay are: How religion can provoke violence? Why and under which circumstances religious fundamentalism leads to terrorism? The increase of totalitarian pretensions of fundamentalist ideologies, within any religion, together with the use of global communications, transport and modern technology, indicates that the issue of religious fundamentalism deserves more attention. Although the fundamentalism isn't new, nor limited to one culture, global communication and recent political events showed that there are different kinds of Christianity and Islam. That means that within certain religions there are fragmentations which can lead to catastrophic consequences. Having in mind that relations among fundamentalism, extremism and terrorism are usually observed, commonly in regard to the Islamic fundamentalism, there is a need to design a model which could be used for predictions, in the sense of political activities which would be used as counter terrorism acts. This paper represents a small step towards that goal.U ovom radu dat je prikaz odnosa između religije i terorizma, povezanost religijskog fundamentalizma, ekstremizma, netolerancije i terorističkih akata. Navedena su osnovna obeležja religijskog fundamentalizma, terorizma kao i verski orijentisanog terorizma. Uočena je razlika između vernika koji su mirotvorci i onih koji pribegavaju nasilju. Dato je objašnjenje zašto i kako dolazi do tih razlika. Osnovna pitanja na koja esej pokušava da odgovori su: Kako religija može biti uzrok nasilja? Zašto i pod kojim uslovima religijski fundamentalizam dovodi do terorizma? Porast totalitarnih pretenzija fundamentalističkih ideologija, bilo koje religije, zajedno sa upotrebom globalizovanih komunikacija, transporta i savremene tehnologije, dovodi do toga da pitanje religijskog fundamentalizma zaslužuje veću pažnju. Iako fundamentalizam nije ni nov ni ograničen na jednu kulturu, globalizovane komunikacije i skorašnji politički događaji ukazali su da postoje različiti oblici iste religije. To znači da se u okviru pojedinih religija javlja fragmentacija koja može imati katastrofalne posledice. Pošto se obično uočavaju veze između fundamentalizma, ekstremizma i terorizma, najčešće u vezi sa islamskim fundamentalizmom, potrebno je da se predstavi model koji bi mogao da služi za predviđanje, u smislu političkih aktivnosti vezanih za borbu protiv terorizma. Ovaj rad predstavlja mali korak u tom pravcu.