Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Terorizam i turistička industrija - uloga medija u percepciji rizika
Get PDFSince before the end of the Cold War, terrorism acts have had major effects on tourism industry. Tight linkages between terrorism and tourism do not exist in the absence of media attention. Terrorist acts are media events par excellence. Being predominantly profit oriented, some media are irresponsible in reporting on terrorist acts. However media have strong influence on risk perception among tourist, and consequently tourist industry. Risks from activities that evoke fear, terror, or anxiety, like terrorism, are perceived to be greater than risks from activities that do not arouse such feelings or emotions. The way the terrorist act is presented in mass media will shape the perceptions of potential tourists to certain tourist destinations, countries and whole regions and therefore influence tourist industry. Having this in mind, managers in tourist industry should use all necessary crisis communication tools and techniques in order to restore image of stability in tourist destinations affected by terrorist attacks.Još pre kraja Hladnog rata teroristički akti su imali veliki uticaj na turističku industriju. Tesne veze između terorizma i turizma ne postoje u odsustvu medijske pažnje. Teroristički akti su medijski događaji prve vrste. Neki mediji su, u potrazi za profitom, neodgovorni u izveštavanju o terorističkim aktima. Međutim, mediji imaju jak uticaj na način na koji turisti percipiraju rizike, pa time i na turističku industriju. Rizici koji proističu iz aktivnosti koje izazivaju strah i užas, kao što je terorizam, pericpiraju se kao veći od rizika od aktivnosti koje ne izazivaju ovakve emocije. Način na koji su teroristi predstavljeni u masovim medijma oblikuje prercepciju određenih destinacija, zemalja i celih regiona u očima potencijalnih turista i time utiče na turističku industriju. Imajući to u vidu, menadžeri u turističkoj industriji treba da koriste sve neophodne alate i tehnike kriznog komuniciranja da bi povratili utisak stabilnosti turističkih destinacija pogođenih terorističkim aktima
Održivi razvoj u uslovima globalizacije
Get PDFThe goal of our study is to explain the concept of sustainable development, its significance for the environmental functioning and political controversies hindering the path to the sustainable development of the entire biosphere. Our presentation will include not only a theoretical definition of sustainable development but also the practical consequences resulting from the conflict of proponents of unrelenting and unbound economic and technological development on the one hand, and the environmentalists, on the other hand. The consequences of this conflict reflect in economic, social, political and other dimensions which are almost revolutionary in their content and significance all over the world and along the course of civilization. Our paper comprises the explanation of these processes, the seek for the forms of their manifestation and their influence to the life of a common man. This also includes the research of globalization process, disintegration of sovereignty and independence of states and the influence of other political and economic factors to the idea and practice of environmental protection as well as the process of sustainable development. We shall clarify those tendencies in the field of environmental protection which dominate worldwide, whereas we must point out the difference between the underdeveloped and developed countries.Predmet rada je objašnjenje pojma održivog razvoja, njegovog značaja za funkcionisanje životne sredine i političkih kontroverzi vezanim za prepreke koje stoje na putu održivom razvoju celokupne biosfere. Pored teorijskog određenja održivog razvoja, razmatraju se i praktične posledice koje nastaju iz sukoba pobornika neumitnog i ničim sputanog ekonomskog i tehnološkog razvoja, na jednoj, i boraca za zaštitu životne sredine, na drugoj strani. Posledice ovog sukoba ogledaju se kroz ekonomske, socijalne, političke i druge dimenzije koje su u svetskim razmerama i civilizacijskom hodu gotovo revolucionarne po sadržaju i značaju. Predmet rada obuhvata objašnjenje ovih procesa, traganje za pojavnim oblicima njihovog ispoljavanja i njihov uticaj na život običnog čoveka. To obuhvata i istraživanje procesa globalizacije, rastakanja suvereniteta i nezavisnosti država i uticaju drugih političkih i ekonomskih faktora na ideju i praksu zaštite životne sredine i proces održivog razvoja. Razmatraju se i tendencije u oblasti zaštite životne sredine koje dominiraju u svetskim okvirima, pri čemu se ukazuje na razlike između bogatih i siromašnih država
Uticaj ekonomskog liberalizma na države u tranziciji
Get PDFSpeaking about economic liberalism which has taken direction towards the concept of free trade and towards the doctrine connected with it about laissez-faire, one shall have in mind that it focused all its strength towards removing all economic barriers which have grown inside and between the countries on one side, and towards the fight against all forms of organizations from antique societies up to new syndicates on the other side. It conformed the most to economic giants, because providing them with the possibility of free competition in which bigger and stronger can equally freely overrun weaker and smaller. Although economic liberalism experienced the strongest strikes after the First World War by Fascism and Communism, it managed to recover in the second half of the XX century and to come back in a new form, in which powerful have even more power to use it cruelly, as they usually always have, to run over weaker - in this case national economies.Govoreći o ekonomskom liberalizmu u XX i na početku XXI veka, koji se usmerio na koncept slobodne trgovine i s njom povezano učenje o laissezfaire, treba imati na umu da je on svu snagu usmerio na rušenje ekonomskih barijera koje su rasle unutar zemalja i između njih, s jedne, i na borbu protiv svih oblika organizacija od antičkih društava do novih sindikata, s druge strane. On je najviše odgovarao ekonomskim gigantima, jer im je pružao mogućnost slobodne konkurencije u kojoj veći i jači jednako slobodno može da pregazi slabijeg i manjeg. Mada je ekonomski liberalizam doživeo krizu nakon Prvog svetskog rata, i to od strane fašizma i komunizma, on je ipak uspeo da se u drugoj polovini XX veka, oporavi i da se vrati u jednoj novoj formi, u kojoj moćnici imaju još veću moć i u kojoj nemilosrdno, kako je to uostalom uvek i bilo, gaze slabije - u ovom slučaju nacionalne ekonomije srednje razvijenih i nerazvijenih država
Turistička privreda i rizik terorizma
Get PDFThe issue of terrorism in tourism is prioritized by the choice of the 'soft target' to achieve political goals of terrorists. Estimated risks threaten all subjects in tourism industry and above all to the national economy which thus remains without a significant inflow of funds in its budget. Therefore, the risk management of terrorism is a common need and responsibility of public and private sector in securing the safety of tourists and local residents, which makes security as an necessary prerequisite for profit. The paper discusses the tendency of increasing terrorist threats in the tourism and joint strategies and constraints of all stakeholders in the prevention and combating of threats based on risk assessment and impact analysis.Pitanje terorizma u turizmu je aktuelizovano izborom 'mekih meta' u ostvarivanju političkih ciljeva terorista. Procenjeni rizici prete svim subjektima turističke privrede i nadasve nacionalnoj ekonomiji koja na taj način ostaje bez značajnog priliva finansijskih sredstava u svoj budžet. Stoga je upravljanje rizicima terorizma zajednička potreba i odgovornost javnog i privatnog sektora u obezbeđenju sigurnosti turista i lokalnog stanovništva, čime bezbednost postaje neophodna pretpostavka profita i razvoja zajednice. U radu se razmatra tendencija porasta terorističkih pretnji u turizmu i zajedničke strategije i ograničenja zainteresovanih strana u prevenciji i suzbijanju pretnji zasnovanih na proceni rizika i analizi uticaja terorističke pretnje
Izgradnja integriteta u sistemu odbrane i suzbijanje rizika od korupcije - iskustva NATO i zemalja Partnerstva za mir
Get PDFCorruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon, affecting the society on the whole. It undermines democratic institutions, decelerates the economic development, and contributes to the destabilization of the society. All spheres of the society may be affected by corruption, and numerous studies have showed that the defense and security sector is among the sectors which are the most susceptible to corruption. Fight against corruption is a true necessity of any democratic society and it is, at the same time, a prerequisite of reform changes, and building of transparent and accountable institutions. That is why the fight against corruption and the integrity building in the defense sector have found their place within NATO and partner countries. For these reasons, NATO partnership program has been developed, aiming to find optimal models of building the integrity and defense institutions, with reducing the corruption to minimum, and of maintaining or increasing the efficiency and the effectiveness of collective security.Korupcija predstavlja složen socijalni, politički i ekonomski fenomen, koji utiče na društvo u celini. Ona podriva demokratske institucije, usporava ekonomski razvoj i doprinosi destabilizaciji društva. Korupcijom mogu biti pogođene sve sfere društva, a brojna istraživanja su pokazala da sektor odbrane i bezbednosti spada među sektore koji su najpodložniji korupciji. Borba protiv korupcije predstavlja stvarnu potrebu svakog demokratskog društva i, ujedno, preduslov je za reformske promene, izgradnju transparentnih i odgovornih institucija. Stoga su borba protiv korupcije i izgradnja integriteta u sektoru odbrane našli svoje mesto u okviru NATO i partnerskih zemalja. Iz tih razloga razvijen je i NATO partnerski program koji ima za cilj da pronađe optimalne modele izgradnje integriteta i odbrambenih institucija uz minimalizaciju korupcije, i očuvanje ili povećanje efikasnosti i efektivnosti kolektivne bezbednosti
Politički sistem Turske na razmeđu kemalizma i islamizma
Get PDFThis paper determines, through the analysis of political institutions, as well as analysis of the key moments of the modern Turkish history, the main characteristics of the political system of Turkey. Also, the authors analyze the role of the military in the establishment and maintenance of the secular society, and try to illuminate the essence of the current Islamist shift in Turkish politics. The paper first gives a historical overview of Ataturk’s reforms and the emergence of the Turkish republic, followed by review of basic characteristic of its political institutions. Then the authors analyze the past and present role of the military in Turkish political life, as well as reform shift after the victory of Islamists on parliamentary elections in 2002. The final part of the paper raises the question of whether the current policies of the ruling AK party leads to ? greater democratization of society, its Islamization, or domination of one party over the entire political system
Novi institucionalni mehanizam Ujedinjenih nacija za rodnu ravnopravnost i osnaživanje žena - osnivanje, značaj i istorijska misija
Get PDFThe paper analyzes the United Nations' system of entities founded with a purpose of protecting and improving the rights and position of women and of promoting the gender equality, putting special emphasis on their activities promoting the role and position of women in the security sector. It discusses models, principles, and standards of their functioning; points to practical problems, deficiencies and weaknesses over their several-decade existence; and interprets objective circumstances which led to the establishment of a new entity - UN Women, on 2 July 2010, as an institutional mechanism of the United Nations dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women. This entity will connect four UN systems which have formerly addressed gender issues and position of women in different ways - DAW (Division for the Advancement of Women), INSTRAW (Institutional Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women), OSAGI (Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues), and UNIFEM (United Nations Development Fund for Women) - and will focus its work exclusively towards achieving the goals of gender equality and the empowerment of women in all aspects of their life and work. Functionally, this UN entity becomes operational on 1 January 2011. The paper analyzes legal documents regulating the establishment and functioning of this organization, in particular the provisions of the Resolution A/64/L.56 related to the establishment of this entity.U radu se analizira sistem agencija Ujedinjenih nacija koje su formirane sa ciljem zaštite i unapređenja prava i položaja žena i promocije rodne ravnopravnosti, sa posebnim akcentom na njihove aktivnosti koje promovišu položaj i ulogu žena u sektoru bezbednosti. Razmatraju se modeli, načela i standardi njihovog funkcionisanja, ukazuje na praktične probleme, nedostatke i slabosti u njihovom višedecenijskom postojanju i interpretiraju objektivne okolnosti koje su dovele do formiranja nove agencije - UN Women, 2. jula 2010. godine, kao institucionalnog mehanizma Ujedinjenih nacija za rodnu ravnopravnost i osnaživanje žena. Ova agencija će povezati četiri sistema UN koji su se u prošlosti na različite načine bavili pitanjima roda i položaja žena - DAW (Odeljenje za unapređenje položaja žena), INSTRAW (Međunarodni istraživački institut za obuku i unapređenje položaja žena), OSAGI (Kancelarija specijalnog savetnika za pitanja polova i unapređenje položaja žena) i UNIFEM (Razvojni fond Ujedinjenih nacija za žene) - i fokusiraće svoj rad isključivo na probleme postizanja rodne ravnopravnosti i osnaživanje žena u svim aspektima njihovog života i rada. Funkcionalno, ovaj UN entitet postaje operativan od 1. januara 2011. godine. U radu se analiziraju pravni dokumenti koji regulišu osnivanje i funkcionisanje ove institucije, a posebno odredbe Rezolucije A/64/L.56 o formiranju agencije
Uticaj islamskih raskola na formiranje političkih sistema Saudijske Arabije i Irana
Get PDFDifferent variations of Islam, Shia and Wahabi, played a key role in shaping the political systems of Saudi Arabia and Iran. On the example of Saudi Arabia we may see that the institutions of this authoritarian system w?re established under the crucial influence of Wahhabism. By adopting the Wahhabism as the royal family ideology, Al Saud’s absolute monarchy was strengthened with religious legitimacy. Today, Wahhabism remains the major determinant of the political processes in Saudi monarchy. That can be seen best through the powers given to the clerical circles in various areas of social life, and also by the fact that the state legal system is based exclusively on the fundamentalist interpretation of Islamic religious law. On the other hand, Islamic Republic of Iran owes its current political system to centuries long tradition of Shia imamate, which, along with a brief but strong tradition of parliamentary government, formed the precondition for a unique and highly complex political system. Uniqueness and complexity of the Iranian political system is a direct consequence of inability to achieve the highest religious imperative, the rule of Mahdi (righteous messiah), which led to the creation of “The Next Best Thing” alternative - the Islamic republic as Velayat- e faqih. It is important to notice the qualitatively different manner in which Islam has been incorporated into these political systems. Although considered to be a fundamentalist Islamic order, in which sharia law is most consistently respected and implemented, Saudi Arabia, however, is a monarchy in which the absolute power is still in the hands of secular ruler. Right to pass legislation in the form of royal decrees confirmes that, regardless of his religious title, the government of Saudi king is essentially secular. Therefore Wahhabism, although it’s undoubtedly the foundation of the Saudi state, in political life of the kingdom serves primarily as a pillar of the monarchy. Islamic Republic of Iran, based on the values of the Islamic Revolution, links its political dynamics to the institutionalization of clerical positions in government structures (Fagih, the Guardian Council, the Council of Experts), and therefore we can conclude that synthesis of Shia Islam and the politics in Iran is fully achieved