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'Posthladnoratovske' promene bezbednosnih i strateških koncepcija Ruske Federacije
Get PDFIn the last twenty years the world has undergone serious changes, unfortunately not in positive direction. The collapse of the bipolar system and the establishment of one bloc hegemony - NATO headed by the USA, has not only failed to establish more stable and secure international relations, but, on the contrary, it has corresponded with the greatest insecurity and uncertainty of the mankind ever since World War II till the present day. After the 'counter-balance' disappeared, there has been open political, economic, even direct military, interference by the Alliance states in the sovereignty of many countries. Consequently, the world's conflicting potential has largely increased. Apart from the threats present from earlier, the contemporary world is faced with a series of new, formerly unknown or marginal, ones. The most notable among them are: uncontrolled escalation of armed conflicts; international terrorism; proliferation of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction; expansion of drugs trafficking; illegal cross-border migrations; human trafficking and trafficking in human organs; piracy; criminalization of different areas of living; etc. The economic and financial crises have additionally warned the world of the limitedness of natural resources and, in the most serious form, posed the issue of the fight for preservation, or conquest of areas rich in raw minerals. Apart from the current courses of action in the fight for control over the natural resources, both new methods of action and new areas of contest are emerging (Arctic, Antarctic ...; above and under the Earth's surface; on the sea, and under the sea bottom), over which the interests of great powers will be increasingly conflicting. Michael Klare, the author of well-known books 'Blood and Oil' and 'Resource Wars', convincingly evokes a growing hunger for resources by the picturesque title of his latest book 'Race for What's Left: Global Scramble for the World's Last Resources'. For success in this new competition in strength and skills, new strategic concepts are required. Some have already been created and preliminarily tested; others are being prepared for implementation and corrected 'on the go' based on the performance of already proved solutions; still others are being hurriedly shaped. Understandably, along with this, what actual and potential rivals do related to this, or what their activities suggest, is watched closely.Za poslednjih 20 godina svet se ozbiljno promenio i to, nažalost, ne u pozitivnom smeru. Rušenje bipolarnog sistema i uspostavljanje hegemonije jednog bloka - NATO na čelu sa SAD, ne samo da nije dovelo do uspostavljanja stabilnijih i bezbednijih međunarodnih odnosa, već je naprotiv, korespondiralo sa najvećom nesigurnošću i neizvesnošću ljudskog roda od vremena Drugog svetskog rata do danas. Posle nestanka 'kontrabalansa', došlo je do otvorenog političkog, ekonomskog, pa i direktnog vojnog mešanja zemalja Alijanse u suverenitet mnogih zemalja. Kao rezultat ovakvog stanja, konfliktni potencijal u svetu znatno se povećao. Pored od ranije prisutnih pretnji, savremeni svet suočava se sa nizom novih, nekada nepoznatim ili marginalnim. Među njima su najznačajnije: nekontrolisana eskalacija oružanih konflikata; međunarodni terorizam; rasprostiranje atomskog i drugog naoružanja za masovno uništavanje; bujanje trgovine narkoticima; nelegalne preko-granične migracije; trgovina ljudima i ljudskim organima; piratstvo; kriminalizacija različitih sfera života itd. Ekonomska i finansijska kriza dodatno su opomenule svet na limitiranost prirodnih resursa i, u najozbiljnijoj formi, postavile problem borbe za očuvanje, odnosno osvajanje prostora bogatih sirovinama. U borbi za kontrolu nad prirodnim resursima, pored dosadašnjih, pojavljuju se, kako nove metode delovanja, tako i nova područja nadmetanja (Arktik, Antarktik, ...; na zemlji i ispod zemljine površine; na moru i ispod morskog dna), oko kojih će se u narednom periodu sve otvorenije sukobljavati interesi vodećih svetskih sila. Narastajuću glad za resursima, Majk Kler (Michael Klare), autor dobro poznatih dela 'Krv i nafta' (Blood and Oil) i 'Ratovi zbor resursa' (Resource Wars), uverljivo dočarava slikovitim nazivom svoje najnovije knjige 'Trka za onim što je preostalo' (Race for what's Left: Global Scramble for the World's Last Resources). Za uspešnost u tom novom odmeravanju snaga i umešnosti neophodni su novi strategijski koncepti. Neki su već kreirani i preliminarno testirani; drugi se pripremaju za implementaciju i u 'hodu' koriguju na osnovu učinka već oprobanih rešenja; treći se ubrzano formiraju. Pri tome se, razumljivo, pomno prati ono što u vezi s tim čine, odnosno što svojim delovanjem nagoveštavaju aktuelni i potencijalni rivali
Procena merne nesigurnosti pri merenju kondukcione emisije
Get PDFFor the evaluation of measurement uncertainty in measuring the conduction emission, in this paper we propose a new model which uses mixed distribution. Evaluation of probability density function for the measurand has been done using Monte Carlo method and a modified least-squares method (combined method). In addition, the number of data n and the number of classes of histogram k which were used for simulation, were varied.U radu je predložen jedan novi model za procenu merne nesigurnosti pri merenju kondukcione emisije, koji koristi mešovitu raspodelu. Monte Karlo metoda i modifikovana metoda najmanjih kvadrata (kombinovana metoda) korišćene su za procenu funkcije gustine raspodele merne veličine. Pri tome, variran je broj podataka n i broj klasa histograma k koji su korišćeni za simulaciju
Problem zaštite obrazovno-vaspitnih ustanova od visokotehnološkog kriminala i elektronskog nasilja
Get PDFThe article analyses the problems that appear in the process of protecting the educational institutions from the security risks in cyber space - cyber crime and cyberbullying. Due to main characteristics and nature of security risks in cyber space, children, adolescents and students are particularly vulnerable category of Internet users. Having this on mind, we can conclude that educational institutions are an important factor in the process of prevention and control of security risks that young people face in cyber space. The authors analyze the legal framework and the actual situation in this domain and propose concrete measures for the reduction of security risks in cyber space, and consider the capacities and importance of building and implementing the unique, functional and pragmatic multi-layer protection model. The first part of the article is dedicated to the analyses of the legal framework for countering cyber crime, with the consideration of the normative legal acts that regulate the protection of children and students from the violence, malestation and neglection in the school environment. The authors also focus on the legal definition of cyberbullying. In the second part of the article, the authors propose the principles and elements for building a model of multi-layer protection and analyze the possibility of its application in educational institutions in the Republic of Serbia, as an efficient tool for the prevention and reduction of security risks in the cyber space.Članak je posvećen razmatranju problema zaštite obrazovno-vaspitnih ustanova od visokotehnološkog kriminala i elektronskog nasilja. Imajući u vidu prirodu visokotehnološkog kriminala, može se konstatovati da posebno ranljivu kategoriju korisnika Interneta predstavlja populacija mladih: dece, adolescenata i studenata. Obrazovno-vaspitne ustanove predstavljaju važan činilac u procesu prevencije i suzbijanja bezbednosnih rizika kojima su mladi izloženi u sajber prostoru. Autori analiziraju postojeće normativno i faktičko stanje u ovom domenu i predlažu konkretne mere za redukciju ovih bezbednosnih rizika, te ukazuju na mogućnost i značaj izgradnje i implementacije višeslojnog modela zaštite. U prvom delu rada analizirana je domaća pravna regulativa u oblasti visokotehnološkog kriminaliteta. Imajući u vidu specifičnost predmeta istraživanja, autori analiziraju i odredbe zakonskih i podzakonskih propisa u oblasti zaštite dece od nasilja, zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja u obrazovno-vaspitnim ustanovama, fokusirajući se na norme o tzv. elektronskom nasilju. U drugom delu rada autori predlažu principe i elemente za izgradnju modela višeslojne zaštite i analiziraju mogućnost njegove primene u obrazovnim ustanovama u Republici Srbiji, a u cilju prevencije rizika iz širokog spektra visokotehnološkog kriminaliteta
Ekološka bezbednost i bezbednost životne sredine
Get PDFThe terms environmental and ecological security are often used interchangeably by both scientists and politicians, especially in Serbia. Whereas environmental security refers fundamentally to the threat of environmental degradation to political stability, ecological security refers to the creation of a condition where physical surroundings of a community provides for all its needs without diminishing natural resources. Accordingly, ecological security is embedded in the concept of sustainable development. Various trends in the development of security concept and environmental changes are presented in this paper. Finally, scientific explanations of the terms environmental and ecological security are given.Naučnici i političari, naročito u našoj zemlji, često zamenjuju termin bezbednost životne sredine i ekološke bezbednosti. Bezbednost životne sredine koristi se da opiše pretnju političkoj stabilnosti usled degradacije životne sredine dok ekološka bezbednost označava stvaranje uslova u kojem fizičko okruženje zajednice omogućava zadovoljenje potreba stanovništva bez smanjenja prirodnih rezervi. Shodno tome, koncept održivog razvoja vrlo je važan u razumevanju ekološke bezbednosti. U radu su predstavljeni trendovi u razvoju koncepta bezbednosti i promena u životnoj sredini, kao i doprinos naučnika u rasvetljavanju termina bezbednosti životne sredine i ekološke bezbednosti
Savremeni bezbednosni izazovi - haktivizam kao novi oblik društvenog konflikta
Get PDFNowadays, computer networks and information infrastructures security in general is not just a technical problem, but also an important strategic question. Due to the fact that global computer network is widespread and decentralized, together with the absence of legal framework which would regulate cyber warfare, activities of hacktivists - a sui generis cyber guerilla- has become an important problem of cyber security and additionally emphasized the importance of protection of information systems, conducting international investigations, extradition and punishment of perpetrators. The phenomenon of hacktivism has been present for about fifteen years, and it has affected various states on different continents, but even to this day no adequate and widely accepted solution for preventing this undesirable occurrence has been found. This paper attempts to describe the phenomenon of hactivism, discuss its implications for national security, as well as to offer a critical review of the current problems and strategies related to counteracting this occurrence.Bezbednost računarskih mreža i, uopšte, informacionih infrastruktura danas nije više samo tehnički problem nego i važno strateško pitanje. Usled rasprostranjenosti i decentralizovanosti globalne računarske mreže kao i nepostojanja pravne regulative koja bi regulisala sajber ratovanje, aktivnost haktivista - svojevrsne sajber gerile - postala je jedan od važnih problema sajber bezbednosti i dodatno naglasila značaj zaštite informacionih sistema, sprovođenja međunarodnih istraga, ekstradicije i kažnjavanja izvršilaca. Fenomen haktivizma postoji oko petanest godina, pogađao je različite države na različitim kontinentima, ali do danas nije pronađeno adekvatno i opšteprihvaćeno rešenje za suzbijanje ove nepoželjne pojave. Ovaj rad nastoji da sa aspekta sajber bezbednosti opiše fenomen haktivizma, razmotri njegove implikacije po nacionalnu bezbednost država, kao i da pruži kritički osvrt na aktuelne probleme i strategije koji su vezani za suprotstavljanje ovoj pojavi
Golgota sirijskih hrišćana - Malo poznata strana sirijskog sukoba, Kalendar Srpske pravoslavne patrijaršije
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Модел за процену ефективности и ефикасности система безбедносног менаџмента
Get PDFOne among many problems that transition states face with is the problem of security and safety systems, as well as the environmental and fire protection systems reforms and the establishment of the security, health and safety standards. The crucial role within management and control of these systems should be played by top management, i.e. the key element in this process is the responsibility of security and safety management system. In realization of the security and safety functions organizations have at their disposal various instruments, such as: budget control as a form of financial control, as well as special mechanisms of control, above all the work of independent audit authorities. However, when there is a question on assessing the success of the security and safety management functions, we have very little rules and procedures. A few studies on problems of security and safety management have indicated obstacles in realization of this assessment. The main problems affecting the implementation of the control of the security and safety management are: the absence of will, insufficient competence and resources, as well as the difficulties in defining indicators for performance measurement, especially if we bear in mind that the success of the security and safety management is shown when “nothing bad has happened“. Another difficulty for the security and safety management processes is the fact that the Republic of Serbia has not legally regulated the private security sector, which implies the problem of its control. In order to determine the attitudes and perceptions of the employees in the security and safety sectors on the issues of security and safety management, the obstacles in their functioning, as well as the possibilities for their overcoming, we have conducted a study in the economic corporations in the Republic of Serbia. The investigation has been performed from May to August 2011.Један од многобројних проблема са којима су се суочавају организације у земљама у транзицији јесте и проблем реформе система безбедности и заштите на раду, као и заштите животне средине, и увођење нових стандарда у овој области. Кључну улогу у оквиру управљања и контроле овог система треба да има топ менаџмент, и то нарочито преко система безбедносног менаџмента. У контроли остваривања безбедносне функције организације имају на располагању многобројне инструменте, као што су: буџетска контрола као облик финансијске контроле, као и посебне механизме контроле, при чему се пре свега мисли на рад независних ревизора. Међутим, када је реч о утврђивању успешности рада безбедносног менаџмента, врло је мало постојећих правила и процедура. Досадашња малобројна истраживања о проблематици безбедносног менаџмента указала су на тешкоће у остваривању ове процене. Као основни проблеми у остваривању контроле безбедносног менаџмента идентификовани су недостатак воље, недовољна стручност и ресурси, као и немогућност утврђивања перформанси безбедносног менаџмента, с обзиром да се његова успешност пре свега огледа у томе да се „ништа лоше не деси“. Отежавајућу околност за процес безбедносног менаџмента представља и чињеница да у нашој земљи није законски уређен приватни безбедносни сектор, а самим тим ни могућност његове контроле. Да бисмо утврдили какви су ставови и перцепције запослених на пословима безбедности о управљању безбедношћу, које су препреке у остваривању овог процеса, као и могућност њиховог превазилажења, спровели смо истраживање у привредним организацијама у Републици Србији. Истраживање је спроведено у периоду од маја до октобра 2011. године