Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Кризни менаџмент у функцији заштите критичних инфраструктура у земљама у транзицији
No full textCrises occur and evolve concurrently with the development of human societies, so the whole human kind history is a chronology of the occurrence of tragedies and misfortunes, as well as tendencies for them to be eliminated as efficient as possible. Changes in the early 1990s were established by an intensive development of technology and economic, political, conceptual, culturological and military connections among people, which has automatically increased human’s capability of facing crises. However, besides the fact that modern systems provide a higher safety degree in everyday life, “modern age” gives birth to various and numerous crises whose ravaging power is getting more and more intensive. Worldwide countries do not give adequate significance to the role of crisis management in the protection of infrastructures of vital national importance, some sources and forms of safety disturbance which may cause new crises are already emerging on the horizon: economic instability, cyber-terrorism, techno-terrorism, spread of weapons of mass destruction, global warming, climate changes, etc. Altered character of global safety threats has brought about the development of new safety conceptions. As one of primary and most significant safety challenges of “new age”, issue of the protection of critical infrastructures is imposed. Infrastructures such as transportation network, water, energy, chemical and nuclear industry and the ICT offer basic conditions for individual and group functioning. Highly developed countries give preference to information infrastructures and production, transfer and distribution of oil, gas and electric energy, whereas undeveloped countries and transition countries face with existential issues of water and food scarcity. Besides mentioned impeding circumstances, transition countries, when transiting from one socio-economic system to another, also face with numerous problems, such as: joining free market with no adequate economic policy; technological underdevelopment; worn-out infrastructural facilities; vaguely identified sources and forms of the vulnerability of critical infrastructures; insufficiently precise classification of critical sectors; lack of a coherent legal framework, especially in the field of private-public partnership – the PPP, lack of financial funds for the improvement of technology and implementation of new training courses for employees, which directly reflects the efficiency of the system of crisis management and protection of critical infrastructures.Кризе се јављају и еволуирају паралелно са развојем људских друштава, тако да читава историја људске врсте представља хронологију догађања несрећа и невоља, и настојања да се оне што ефикасније отклоне. Промене почетком деведесетих година 20. века условљене су интензивним развојем технологије и економским, политичким, идејним, културолошким и војним повезивањем људи, чиме је аутоматски повећана способност човека да се супротстави кризама. Међутим, поред тога што савремени системи обезбеђују виши степен сигурности у свакодневном животу, ''модерно доба'' рађа разноврсне и бројне кризе чија је разорна моћ све већа. У земљама широм света не придаје се адекватан значај улози кризног менаџмента у заштити инфраструктура од виталног националног значаја, а на хоризонту се већ појављују извори и облици угрожавања безбедности који могу изазвати нове кризе: економска нестабилност, сајбер тероризам, техно тероризам, ширење оружја за масовно уништење, глобално отопљавање, климатске промене и др. Измењена природа претњи глобалној безбедности условила је и развијање нових безбедносних концепција. Као један од примарних и најзначајнијих безбедносних изазова ''новог доба'' намеће се питање заштите критичних инфраструктура. Инфраструктуре попут саобраћајне мреже, воде, енергије, хемијске и нуклеарне индустрије, и ИКТ пружају основне услове за функционисање појединаца и група. Високо развијене земље дају предност информационим инфраструктурама и производњи, преносу и дистрибуцији нафте, гаса и електричне енергије, док се неразвијене и земље у транзицији сусрећу са егзистенцијалним питањима несташице воде и хране. Земље у транзицији, поред наведених отежавајућих околности, приликом преласка из једног друштвено-економског система у други суочене су и са бројним проблемима, као што су: укључивање у слободно тржиште без адекватне економске политике; технолошка заосталост; дотрајалост инфраструктурних објеката; нејасно идентификовани извори и облици угрожавања критичних инфраструктура; недовољно прецизна класификација критичних сектора; непостојање кохерентног правног оквира посебно у сфери јавно-приватног партнерства (Private-Public Partnership – PPP), недостатак финансијских средстава за унапређење технологије и спровођење нових програма обуке запослених, што се све директно одражава на ефикасност система управљања кризама и заштиту критичних инфраструктура
Kriminalnopolitički aspekti odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivična dela - različiti teorijski pristupi
Get PDFThe article focuses on different theoretical approaches towards establishing corporate criminal liability in national legislatures. Corporate crime is a serious criminal phenomenon, which produces high level of social danger in many fields - economy and trade, health and safety at workplace, environmental protection, human rights and others. Introducing criminal liability of legal persons in most of contemporary legislatures has opened theoretical debates in various academic disciplines, such as criminal law, criminology, sociology and social psychology, economic science and others. As a significant criminological discipline, criminal policy is supposed to analyze arguments pro et contra corporate criminal liability as an instrument of prevention and combat against corporate and other forms of white-collar crime. The central part of the article examines different theoretical views and arguments on efficiency and justification of legislative measures towards corporate crime phenomenon. The author stresses economical, sociological and corporate cultural aspects of introducing and implementing criminal liability of legal persons. The author aims to shed light on different dimensions of the matter, pointing to interdependency of various aspects.Rad se bavi različitim teoretskim pristupima vezanim za utvrđivanje odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivična dela u nacionalnom zakonodavstvu. Kriminalitet korporacija predstavlja ozbiljnu kriminalnu pojavu koja izaziva visok stepen društvene opasnosti u mnogim oblastima - odražava se na ekonomiju i trgovinu, zdravlje i bezbednost na radnom mestu, ekološku zaštitu, ljudska prava i drugo. Uvođenje krivičnopravne odgovornosti pravnih lica u većinu savremenih zakona otvorilo je teorijske debate u okviru različitih akademskih disciplina, kao što su krivično pravo, kriminologija, sociologija i socijalna psihologija, ekonomske i druge nauke. Kao važna kriminološka disciplina, kriminološka politika treba da se bavi analizom argumenata pro et contra odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivična dela kao instrumenta za prevenciju i suzbijanje korporativnog i drugih vidova privrednog kriminala. Centralni deo rada istražuje različite teorijske poglede i argumente vezane za efikasnost i opravdanost zakonodavnih mera uperenih protiv pojave korporativnog kriminala. Autor naglašava ekonomske, sociološke i korporativno-kulturne aspekte uvođenja i utvrđivanja krivične odgovornosti pravnih lica. Cilj autora jeste da prikaže različite dimenzije ove teme i ukaže na njihovu međusobnu povezanost
Some achievements in RBIM implementation according to RIMAP approach
Get PDFSome results of RIMAP based RBIM implementation on the example of 21 000 components in refinery Pancevo are presented in this paper. It is proved to be a powerful tool for maintenance planning, for increasing industrial safety and decreasing inspection and maintenance costs by 25%. Changes in Serbian regulations for pressure vessels were adopted
Towards a Resilient Critical Infrastructure System against the Risk of Terrorism
No full textTerrorism is one of many sources of risk which may reduce the capacity of critical infrastructure organizations to deliver against their objectives. However, unlike more frequent and more predictable incidents like criminal offenses or natural hazards, terrorist acts are non-routine risks and therefore difficult to anticipate. Typically, non routine risks have low probability, that is, they occur rarely or in some instances have never occurred but have very high consequences for the organisation. The attack on CI can be particularly attractive for a terrorist organization or an individual due to its highly interdependent infrastructures and its often high symbolic value. Critical infrastructure resilience (CIR) is an integrating objective designed to foster system-level investment strategies. Three resilience capacities are used to define, quantify, and ultimately design for a better resilience of the particular system: (1) absorptive capacities, or the ability of the system to absorb the disruptive event; (2) adaptive capacities, or the ability to adapt to the event; and (3) restorative capacities, or the ability of the system to recover. Occasionally the magnitude of a crisis exceeds an organization's own ability to respond. At such times the intervention and assistance of external groups (including government, other businesses, and the public) can be decisive
Komuniciranje sistema zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama izazvanim elementarnim nepogodama
Get PDFEven though communication is among the most important aspects of emergency management, crisis communication has been mainly viewed through the lenses of corporate sector, whilst public sector communication receives much less attention. The concept of crisis communication during emergency situations, in particular those caused by natural disasters, for some authors is not synonymous with the concepts of emergency communication and disaster communication. The main actors in the emergency situations belong to the public sector, be it at the national, regional or local level. During emergencies many communication problems may arise, in particular non-compliance with orders and the spread of rumours. In the Republic of Serbia, the Sector for Emergency Management of the Ministry of Interior is in charge of emergency management and communication in natural disasters. The role of the Sector was particularly salient during the disastrous floods in May 2014, when a state of emergency was declared on the territories of forty local self-government units (nine cities and thirty one municipality). In charge of communication with the local population, apart from the Sector HQ in Belgrade, were local emergency management headquarters, who had to combat the issues of non-compliance and rumours.Iako je komunikacija jedan od najvažnijih aspekata upravljanja vanrednim situacijama, krizno komuniciranje je u literaturi uglavnom proučavano kroz primere iz korporativnog profitnog sektora, dok je komunikacionim aktivnostima javnog sektora posvećeno daleko manje pažnje. Sam termin kriznog komuniciranja u slučajevima vanrednih situacija, naročito onih uzrokovanih elementarnim nepogodama, za mnoge autore nepredstavlja sinonim sa 'komuniciranjem u vanrednim situacijama' (emergency communication) i 'komuniciranjem u katastrofama' (disaster communication). Glavni akteri u vanrednim situacijama su upravo subjekti koji pripadaju javnom sektoru, na nacionalnom, regionalnom ili lokalnom nivou. Tom prilikom mogu nastati brojni problemi u komuniciranju, među kojima su najistaknutiji odbijanje postupanja po naredbama i širenje glasina. Upravljanje i komuniciranje u vanrednim situacijama indukovanim elementarnim nepogodama u Republici Srbiji, u nadležnosti je, pre svega, Sektora za vanredne situacije MUP-a Srbije. Uloga Sektora je naročito bila istaknuta za vreme katastrofalnih majskih poplava 2014. godine. Vanredno stanje proglašeno je na teritoriji četrdeset jedinica lokalne samouprave (devet gradova i trideset i jednoj opštini). Osim 'centrale' Sektora u Beogradu, kao akteri komuniciranja bili su angažovani i lokalni štabovi za vanredne situacije, koji su morali da se bore sa problemima odbijanja postupanja po naredbama i glasinama
The Impact of Media on Students' Perception of the Security Risks Associated With Internet Social Networking - A Case Study
No full textFrom the viewpoint of cybercrime, young people represent a particularly vulnerable category of Internet users: children, adolescents and students. Young people are, undoubtedly, the most common and the most gullible users of social networks. Due to lack of education related to dangers they are exposed to on social networks, inexperienced users recklessly post information and multimedia contents on their profiles which can be misused by differently motivated Internet users. Apart from being exposed to the risk from the violation of personal privacy and misuse of personal data, young people are exposed to the risk from political or ideological manipulation. Various studies on social networks and secondary school students have been conducted in the Republic of Serbia. However, no study in this field which would look at university students has yet been conducted. The purpose of this study was to discover the extent to which students use social networking sites, but also the sources and ways students perceive online security risks associated with social networking. Study results show that the media has a dominant role in educating young people on the risks associated with social networking and that the impact of the media is greater than the impact of other educational factors such as family, school or university
Integrated prevention and control of industrial pollution of environment in the Republic of Serbia in Corporate Security
No full textProblem pravne (ne)regulisanosti konflikata u kiber prostoru
Get PDFThe article focuses on the analyses of the problem of legal regulation of cyberspace conflicts. The authors discuss about eventual legal qualifications of cyber warfare, underlining two main issues: first, the fact that cyber warfare cannot be considered as an act of the aggression according to the definition introduced by the UN Resolution; and, second, that it is widely considered that cyber warfare is more than an criminal act incriminated by national legislation. Having this in mind, the authors discuss about possibility of applying some of the established international treaty systems (International Law of War, International Space Law, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Antarctic Treaty System, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Mutual legal assistance treaties) as models for regulating cyberspace.Članak je posvećen razmatranju problema pravne neregulisanosti konflikata u kiber prostoru. Autori raspravljaju o mogućim pravnim kvalifikacijama čina kiber ratovanja, ukazujući da se on ne može podvesti pod definiciju agresije usvojenu u rezoluciji Ujedinjenih nacija, ali da je ipak nedovoljno karakterisati ga kao krivično delo kažnjivo po odredbama nacionalnih zakonodavstava. U centralnom delu rada autori analiziraju nekoliko međunarodnih ugovornih režima: međunarodno ratno pravo, Sporazum o neširenju nuklearnog naoružanja, međunarodno kosmičko pravo, Sistem antarktičke povelje, Konvenciju Ujedinjenih nacija o pravu mora i ugovore o uzajamnoj pravnoj saradnji, kako bi utvrdili da li oni mogu služiti kao model za regulisanje međudržavnih konflikata u kiber prostoru
