Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Health issues as security issues
Get PDFIn recent years, the concept of health security has acquired an international dimension. Global health issues incurred as a result of modern conflict, globalization, increased mobility of people, climate change, bioterrorism and emerging infectious diseases pose threats not only to national, but to global security, as well. The potential dangers of epidemics, particularly pandemics, are considered to be threats to national security and as such they have found their place in the national documents and strategies of national security. After the UN Security Council passed the first ever resolution on a health issue in 2000 - Resolution 1308, which recognized the potential of an epidemic to pose a risk to stability and security and declared 'peaceful war against AIDS' - as well as after a SARS outbreak in 2003, a H1N1 pandemic in 2009 and an Ebola outbreak in 2014, which the UN Security Council Resolution 2177 marked as a 'threat to international peace and security', more attention has been given to the concept of global health security. In this paper, we will discuss why health issues are considered to be security issues, and present how health security has been treated in the national security strategies of individual countries, but also in global health security initiatives
Impact of climate change on the distribution of extreme temperatures as natural disasters
Get PDFMuch of the scientific community agrees that global temperature as a result of climate change has increased significantly in the last century, and will continue to grow in the near future. According to the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC, 2001 (IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), the global average temperature has increased by about 0.6 degrees in the 20th century, although climate warming was not uniform neither spatially nor temporally, as was indicated by observed changes and modelling studies. Variations in global or regional cases of extreme air temperatures that occurred due to changes in climate cause more and more attention lately as living beings and ecosystems and human society are sensitive to the severity, frequency and persistence of cases of extreme temperatures. In this regard, in order to effectively protect and respond to emergencies caused by harmful temperature extremes, it is necessary among other things to comprehensively investigate the mentioned natural phenomenon, so the subject of this paper will be an analysis of climate change as well as form, consequences, temporal and geospatial distribution of extreme temperatures. Using an international database on natural disasters of the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), based in Brussels, with the support of program for statistical analysis (SPSS) and the method of thematic cartography, we have tried to point out the number, trends, consequences, temporal and geospatial distribution of extreme temperature in the period from 1900 to 2013, as well as the need for an adequate response of society to this type of natural hazard
Knowledge and Perception of Secondary School Students in Belgrade about Earthquakes as Natural Disasters
Get PDFThe aim of this quantitative research is to determine the perception and actual knowledge of secondary school students in the Belgrade region with respect to earthquakes as a natural disaster and security threat, and to identify the factors that influence their knowledge and perceptions. The authors used a method of surveying students to identify and describe the factors that influence student knowledge and perceptions about earthquakes. For the purpose of this research, a sample of 3,063 students was drawn from the total population of secondary school students in Belgrade (65,561 students), which equates to 4.67% of the population. The results show that the sources of information on natural disasters and their threatening consequences influence the perceptions of secondary school students. In view of the evident lack of education about natural disasters in Serbia, the results of this study can be used when creating a strategy for educational programs. This research is the first step in developing and realizing a future strategy for natural disaster management by informing and including public (school population), scientific, and administrative communities in the process
Znanje i percepcija učenika srednje škole u Kraljevu o prirodnim katastrofama
Get PDFQuantitative research was conducted in order to determine the perceptions and actual knowledge of secondary school for electrical engineering in Kraljevo, Nikola Tesla about natural disasters. On that occasion used method of surveying students to identify and describe the factors that influence the knowledge and perceptions of students. From the population of secondary technical school in Kraljevo, at random, from each year was chosen by a number of respondents. The results show that the sources of information about natural disasters and their threatening consequences affect the perception of secondary school students. At the same time, the actual knowledge about natural disasters affecting lectures, schools, television and the internet, while considerably less influence video games, radio and stories from family members. Those with no personal experience regarding the threatening consequences of natural disasters in a statistically higher percentage do not know how to recognize a certain natural disasters. Experience immediate family members are not affected to a large extent on the knowledge of natural disasters, with the exception of his father. Bearing in mind the evident lack of education about natural disasters in Serbia, the survey results can be used when creating the strategy of educational programs.Kvantitativno istraživanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja percepcije i stvarnog znanja učenika srednje elektrotehničke škole u Kraljevu ,,Nikola Tesla' o prirodnim katastrofama. Tom prilikom je korišćen metod anketiranja učenika kako bi se identifikovali i opisali faktori koji imaju uticaja na znanje i percepciju učenika. Iz populacije srednje elektrotehničke škole u Kraljevu, na slučajan način, iz svake godine izabran je po određen broj ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da izvori informacija o prirodnim katastrofama i njihovim ugrožavajućim posledicama utiču na percepciju učenika srednje škole. Istovremeno, na stvarno znanje o prirodnim katastrofama utiču predavanja, škola, televizija i internet, dok znatno manje utiču video-igre, radio i priče od članova porodice. Ispitanici bez ličnog iskustva u vezi sa ugrožavajućim posledicama prirodnih katastrofa u statistički većem procentu ne znaju da prepoznaju određene prirodne katastrofe. Iskustvo članova uže porodice ne utiče u velikoj meri na znanje o prirodnim katastrofama, sa izuzetkom oca. Imajući u vidu evidentan nedostatak obrazovanja o prirodnim katastrofama u Srbiji, rezultati istraživanja se mogu iskoristiti prilikom kreiranja strategija obrazovnih programa
Уголовное судопроизводство в отношении юридических лиц в Республике Сербии: перспективы и дилеммы
No full textOrganizacija ugovora o kolektivnoj bezbednosti između iluzije i anti-NATO
Get PDFThe new security paradigm of the modern world, created in 1990s, led to a security organization of a number of countries of the former Soviet bloc. Also evolving, at varying pace, was the contractual relationship of collective security, which, due to the escalation of activities of extremist groups on the territory of Central Asia, the deterioration of Russia-NATO relations, as well as the emergence of the US military bases in the region, resulted in a decision to form the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) in 2002. The basic declared purpose of the organization is a desire of the signatory countries to increase the effectiveness of their cooperation in the field of security. Established as a typical military alliance with characteristics of multifunctional organization for securing peace, CSTO aspires to the role of a regional leading organization in the field of security cooperation, with many open questions concerning its functioning and future development. Whether the new security organization raises the level of collective security of its associate member countries, and whether the said organization contributes to the security of the region and the world, only time ahead will tell.Nova bezbednosna paradigma savremenog sveta, stvorena devedesetih godina prošloga veka, uslovila je i bezbednosno organizovanje jednog broja zemalja bivšeg sovjetskog bloka. Sa različitom dinamikom razvijao se i ugovorni odnos o kolektivnoj bezbednosti koji je eskalacijom delatnosti ekstremističkih grupa na teritoriji zemalja centralne Azije, pogoršanjem odnosa Rusije i NATO-a, ali i sa pojavom vojnih baza SAD na tom prostoru, 2002. godine rezultirao odlukom da se formira Organizacija ugovora o kolektivnoj bezbednosti (OUKB). Osnovna proklamovana namena organizacije jeste želja za povećanjem efikasnosti saradnje u oblasti bezbednosti, zemalja potpisnica. Ustrojena kao klasični vojni savez sa karakteristikama više- funkcionalne organizacije za obezbeđenje mira, OUKB pretenduje na ulogu regionalnog lidera u oblasti bezbednosne saradnje, sa mnogo otvorenih pitanja njenog funkcionisanja i budućeg razvoja. Da li se sa novim bezbednosnim organizovanjem podiže nivo kolektivne bezbednosti pridruženih joj članica i da li navedena organizacija doprinosi bezbednosti regiona i sveta, pokazaće vreme koje je pred nama
Čuvari stereotipa o ženi kao ograničavajućem faktoru grupne efikasnosti
Get PDFTraditional views of the woman's position in the society and the stereotype of her inferiority (primarily physical) as compared to the man led to the creation of the stereotype of inferiority of mixed groups as compared to groups made up entirely of men. The results of survey conducted on a sample of members of the Serbian Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Serbia have revealed that there are more 'guardians' of the above stereotype among men than among women; more among younger than among older people; more among those with lower educational level than among the highly educated; more among professional soldiers, NCOs and officers than among civilians; and more among members of the Serbian Armed Forces than among the employees of the Ministry of Defense. The range of the examinees' characteristics that, according to this survey, do not correlate with their assessment of the effectiveness of mixed groups includes: war experience (participation in armed conflicts in the former Yugoslavia), marital status, and the number of family members.Tradicionalno shvatanje položaja žene u društvu i stereotip o njenoj inferiornosti (pre svega fizičke) u odnosu na muškarca uslovilo je stvaranje stereotipa o inferiornosti mešovitih grupa u odnosu na grupe sastavljene isključivo od muškaraca. Rezultati istraživanja koje je izvršeno na uzorku pripadnika Vojske i Ministarstva odbrane Republike Srbije pokazuju da 'čuvara' navedenog stereotipa ima više među muškarcima nego među ženama; više među mlađima nego među starijima; više među osobama nižeg obrazovnog nivoa nego među visokoobrazovanim; više među profesionalnim vojnicima, podoficirima i oficirima nego među civilnim licima; više među pripadnicima Vojske nego među zaposlenima u Ministarstvu odbrane. U grupi obeležja ispitanika koja, prema ovom istraživanju, nisu u korelaciji sa njihovom procenom efikasnosti mešovitih grupa našli su se: ratno iskustvo (učešće u oružanim sukobima na prostoru bivše Jugoslavije), bračni status i brojnost porodice
Nacionalni interes kao analitički koncept: mogućnosti za analizu nacionalnog interesa Srbije
No full textSpremnost studenata Kriminalističko-policijske akademije za reagovanje na prirodnu katastrofu izazvanu poplavom u Republici Srbiji
Get PDFBearing in mind the impossibility of achieving absolute safety from the consequences of natural disasters, as well as the inability of the authorities to all citizens in the short term help, readiness as a concept that is one of the cycles of natural disaster management is particularly important. In addition, it can be said that scientific research is particularly encouraged by insufficiently explained the nature of the impact of demographic, socioeconomic and psychological characteristics of citizens on their willingness to respond to various natural disasters. Accordingly, the subject of quantitative research is the identification of objective and subjective readiness of students Criminal Police College for responding to a natural disaster caused by the flooding. The results show that certain elements of preparedness of students for reacting natural disaster caused by the flood of largely influenced by the following variables: gender, father's education, religiosity and awareness for steštnim effect of flooding. Students showed a higher degree of subjective than objective readiness to respond to a natural disaster caused by the flood.Imajući u vidu nemogućnost ostvarivanja apsolutne bezbednosti od posledica prirodnih katastrofa, kao i sprečenost nadležnih organa da svim građanima u kratkom periodu pomognu, spremnost kao koncept odnosno jedan od ciklusa upravljanja u prirodnim katastrofama posebno dobija na značaju. Pri tome, može se reći da su naučna istraživanja posebno podstaknuta nedovoljno objašnjenom prirodom uticaja demografskih, socioekonomskih i psiholoških karakteristika građana na njihovu spremnost za reagovanje na različite prirodne katastrofe. Shodno tome, predmet kvantitativnog istraživanja predstavlja utvrđivanje objektivne i subjektivne spremnosti studenata Kriminalističko-policijske akademije za reagovanje na prirodnu katastrofu izazvanu poplavom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da na određene elemente spremnosti studenata za reagovanje prirodnu katastrofu izazvanu poplavom u velikoj meri utiču sledeće promenljive: pol, obrazovanje oca, religioznost i upoznatost za steštnim dejstvom poplava. Studenti su pokazali viši stepen subjektivne od objektivne spremnosti za reagovanje na prirodnu katastrofu izazvanu poplavom