Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Uticaj personalnih i sredinskih faktora na očekivanje pomoći od interventno-spasilačkih službi i humanitarnih organizacija za vreme prirodnih katastrofa
Get PDFThe aim of quantitative research is the scientific explication of the influence of personal and environmental factors on citizens' expectation of help from various entities and first responders during natural disasters. The survey was conducted in the area of 19 local communities affected by consequences of natural disasters and 2500 citizens were surveyed using a multistep random sample. The obtained results of the survey show that citizens mostly (4.26) expect help from their family members and lastly from religious communities (2.39). In relation to first responders, citizens mostly expect assistance from firefighting-rescue units (3.62), and lastly from the police (3.31). Through further statistical analysis, it has been found that there is a significant influence of gender on the expectation of help during natural disasters from family members, religious communities and the police. The research results can be used to improve the effectiveness of natural disaster management in terms of helping affected people.Cilj kvantitativnog istraživanja predstavlja naučna eksplikacija uticaja personalnih i sredinskih faktora na očekivanje pomoći ispitanika od interventno-spasilačkih službi i humanitarnih organizacija za vreme prirodnih katastrofa. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na području 19 lokalnih zajednica ugroženih posledicama prirodnih katastrofa, a u okviru njega je anketirano 2500 građana korišćenjem višeetapnog slučajnog uzorka. Dobijeni rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da građani u najvećem procentu očekuju pomoć od članova porodice (4.26), a u najmanjem procentu od verskih zajednica (2.39). U odnosu na interventno-spasilačke službe, građani u najvećem procentu očekuju pomoć od vatrogasaca-spasilaca (3.62), a u najmanjem procentu od policijskih jedinica (3.31). Daljim statističkim analizama utvrđeno je da postoji značajan uticaj pola na očekivanje pomoći za vreme prirodnih katastrofa od članova porodice, verskih zajednica i policijskih jedinica. Rezultati istraživanja mogu biti iskorišćeni za unapređenje efikasnosti upravljanja u prirodnim katastrofama u pogledu pružanja pomoći ugroženim ljudima
New challenges and revision of the human security concept
No full textAfter the fall of the Berlin Wall and ending the division of the world into two big military blocs, security doctrines slowly began to change. In the 1990s, a new concept gained momentum, and that was the concept of human security. This concept views national security through the state of economy, social and financial satisfaction of its citizens and overall level of political freedoms and culture. Military and police power do not have primacy any more when it comes to implementation of human security concept. As some authors highlight, human security can even be measured through number of future years spent outside a state of generalized poverty (King & Murray, 2001). A traditional perspective on security is focused on military and police power which ensure territorial integrity. Human security, on the other hand, pays attention to the environmental quality, for example, as an important factor of economic and social development of the society, as well as to susceptibility of a community to natural disasters, political instabilities and similar. Certain countries define human security as safety from violent and non-violent threats. However, during the past few years, as well as in 2015 and 2016, the world has been facing numerous instabilities and big challenges such as human migrations from war-torn or poverty-stricken countries – so-called third world countries. Millions of refugees reach European countries and the USA via several sea and land routes. Western countries and their citizens are faced with serious challenges that exceed the concept and measures of human security. A large influx of migrants, even when their need to look for a better life is taken into consideration, poses the danger of different traditional and cultural influences, social norms, as well as of criminogenic behavior. Experts predict that the number of migrants in the years to come will increase, and that fact leads to the following question: Can the concept of human security solve this challenge or is it necessary to establish new security strategies? Should concepts of military and police power as a pillar of the state return to the mainstream to a certain extent or completely
Household supplies for natural disaster: factor of influence on the possession of supplies
Get PDFPurpose –The paper presents the results of the quantitative research of the impact of certain factors on household possession of supplies necessary for the survival of the consequences of natural disasters.
Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative research was conducted by using a survey strategy in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. The first step, which was related to the primary sampling units, included selection of parts of the community for conducting research. The second step, which was related to research cores, included selection of streets or parts of streets at the level of primary sampling units, and finally a selection of households for surveying 2500 citizens in 19 local communities.
Findings –It was found that only 24.6% of the respondents have supplies, while 61.5% have no supplies for surviving natural disasters. On the other hand, 37.2% of the respondents possess supplies of food for 4 days, while only 12% have supplies of food for 1 day. It was found that 17.6% of the respondents have a transistor radio, 40% a flashlight, 40.6% a shovel, 25.8% a hack, 33.6% hoe and spade, and 13.2% a fire extinguisher. The results of the inferential statistical analyses show that there is a statistically significant influenceof gender, education, marital status, parenthood, employment, income level, level of religiosity, completed military service on having supplies to survive the consequences of natural disasters. On the other hand, there was no influence of previous experiences on having supplies.
Originality/value –research results allow the design of strategies aimed at raising the level of preparedness of households for natural disasters with regard to their supplies
An Ethical Review of Euthanasia and Physician-assisted Suicide
No full textBackground: In the majority of countries, active direct euthanasia is a forbidden way of the deprivation of the patients' life, while its passive form is commonly accepted. This distinction between active and passive euthanasia has no justification, viewed through the prism of morality and ethics. Therefore, we focused on attention on the moral and ethical implications of the aforementioned medical procedures. Methods: Data were obtained from the Clinical Hospital Center in Kragujevac, collected during the first half of the 2015. The research included 88 physicians: 57 male physicians (representing 77% of the sample) and 31 female physicians (23% of the sample). Due to the nature, subject and hypothesis of the research, the authors used descriptive method and the method of the theoretical content analysis. Results: A slight majority of the physicians (56, 8%) believe that active euthanasia is ethically unacceptable, while 43, 2% is for another solution (35, 2% took a viewpoint that it is completely ethically acceptable, while the remaining 8% considered it ethically acceptable in certain cases). From the other side, 56, 8% of respondents answered negatively on the ethical acceptability of the physician-assisted suicide, while 33% of them opted for a completely ethic viewpoint of this procedure. Out of the remaining 10, 2% opted for the ethical acceptability in certain cases. Conclusion: Physicians in Serbia are divided on this issue, but a group that considers active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide as ethically unacceptable is a bit more numerous
Serbian Companies reactivity and flexibility and their crisis management efficiency and effectiveness
No full textIn a sample taken of 1,000 managers working in Serbian companies we studied the effects of company flexibility and reactivity relating to how effective their crisis management is by presenting them with a hypothetical crisis situation. The results suggest that the more reactive and flexible a company, the more efficient and effective their crisis management is
Preduzetništvo u poljoprivredi, ekološka zaštita i osiguranje
Get PDFAgricultural entrepreneurship is the basis of creativity, innovation, profitability and risk management of agricultural producers. Although the agricultural entrepreneurship is often ignored in Serbia, in the paper we emphasize its importance due to the fact that the contribution of agriculture still has the largest share in gross domestic product. Current 2016 was declared as the year of entrepreneurship in Serbia, which further stressed the importance of studying this problem. As the aim of the research we have determined the need for the study of agricultural entrepreneurship in the context of vulnerability to risks from the environment. In this regard, in the paper we first point to agricultural entrepreneurship and the importance of agriculture production in Serbia and then we point out to the environmental protection, as a form of preventive action for risk reduction, insurance, as a form of financing of insurance claims, and the characteristics of agriculture insurance in Serbia. The main conclusion is that environmental protection and agricultural insurance are complementary mechanisms of risk protection that provide significant support to agricultural entrepreneurship and the development of agricultural production.Preduzetništvo u poljoprivredi je u osnovi kreativnosti, inovativnosti, profitabilnosti i upravljanja rizicima poljoprivrednih proizvođača. Iako se preduzetništvo u poljoprivredi često zanemaruje u Srbiji, u radu naglašavamo njegov značaj s obzirom na činjenicu da je doprinos poljoprivrede još uvek najveći za bruto domaći proizvod. Tekuća 2016. godina proglašena je za godinom preduzetništva u Srbiji, što je dodatno naglasilo značaj izučavanja ove problematike. Za cilj rada smo odredili potrebu izučavanja preduzetništva u poljoprivredi u kontekstu ugroženosti rizicima iz okruženja. U tom smislu, u radu prvo ukazujemo na preduzetništvo u poljoprivredi i značaj poljoprivredne proizvodnje u Srbiji a potom ukazujemo na ekološku zaštitu, kao oblika preventivnog delovanja na redukciju rizika i osiguranje, kao oblika finansiranja posledica ostvarenja šteta i karakteristike osiguranja poljoprivrede u Srbiji. Osnovni zaključak je da ekološka zaštita i osiguranje poljoprivrede predstavljaju komplementarne mehanizme zaštite od rizika koji pružaju značajnu podršku preduzetništvu u poljoprivredi i razvoju poljoprivredne proizvodnje
The U. S. Intelligence Community and the Fight against ISIS: Donald Trump Administration's National Security Policy
Get PDFFight against international terrorism remains one of the keystones of the United States’ foreign policy in the upcoming period. The threat of the Islamic State is still grave for the international security, so it is understandable that Donald Trump administration will remain in this course. In the presentation of the new administration’s program at the White House website, it is pointed out that “defeating ISIS and other radical Islamic terror groups” will be of the highest priority, and that joint and coalition efforts will be needed. In the inaugural address, the new President stated that the United States intent to “unite the civilized world against Radical Islamic Terrorism”. It is initially obvious that, differing from the notion of “fight against violent extremism” used by the Obama administration, the new administration talks about the fight against radical Islamism. In this paper, the authors will analyze and present the key shifts in the United States’ national security policy in the wake of the Donald Trump’s administration. Key positions of Trump’s presidential campaign regarding the foreign policy, national security policy, fight against the Islamic State, and the reform of the Intelligence Community, will be juxtaposed with decisions made during the beginning of the presidential term
Kauzalitet raspoređivanja elemenata antiraketnog štita u Rumuniji i militarizacije Krimskog poluostrva
Get PDFThe deployment of NATO missile defense shield (EuroPRO) elements in Eastern Europe determines explicitly the so-called strong security of Russia and it represents a serious disruptive factor in its relations with the West. In such context, in the last three years the Ukrainian crisis has additionally complicated and actualized security situation because it turned out that, besides internal factors, it is largely influenced by some external factors, as well. In March 2014 Crimea unilaterally separated from Ukraine and it was joined to Russia whereas an armed conflict between central authorities and armed formations of rebellious pro-Russian population started in the parts of Donetsk and Luhansk. Ukraine accused Russia of the annexation of Crimea; their relations were reduced to minimum and in the last three years they have remained such tendency. The change of Crimean status has largely aggravated the relations of Russia with Western countries, which resulted in complex political and security situation in the Black Sea Region, which threatens to disintegrate the whole system of regional stability with potential implications for global security, as well. The deployment of EuroPRO elements in Romania and militarization of the Crimean Peninsula affect to a great extent regional stability of that part of the old continent and they represent one of essential destabilizing factors that is in direct correlation with a high level of entropy of the European political and security system.Razmeštanje elemenata protivraketnog štita NATO ('EvroPRO') na prostoru Istočne Evrope eksplicitno determiniše tzv. čvrstu bezbednost Rusije i predstavlja ozbiljan remetilački faktor u njenim odnosima sa Zapadom. U tom kontekstu ukrajinska kriza je u poslednje tri godine samo dodatno usložila i aktuelizovala bezbednosnu situaciju, jer se pokazalo da nju, pored unutrašnjih činilaca, u znatnoj meri opredeljuju i pojedini eksterni faktori. Krim se, marta 2014. godine, jednostrano izdvojio iz sastava Ukrajine i pripojio Rusiji, dok je u delovima Donjecke i Luganske oblasti počeo oružani sukob centralnih vlasti i oružanih formacija pobunjenog proruskog stanovništva. Ukrajina je optužila Rusiju da je anektirala Krim; njihovi odnosi redukovani su na minimum i u poslednje tri godine zadržali su takvu tendenciju. Promena statusa Krima znatno je pogoršala i odnose Rusije sa zapadnim državama, što je prouzrokovalo stvaranje složene političko-bezbednosne situacije u Crnomorskom regionu, koja preti da dezintegriše celokupni sistem regionalne stabilnosti , sa mogućim implikacijama i na globalnu bezbednost. Razmeštanje elemenata 'EvroPRO' na prostoru Rumunije i militarizacija Krimskog poluostrva znatno utiču na regionalnu stabilnost tog dela starog kontinenta i predstavljaju jedan od suštinskih destabilizirajućih faktora koji je u direktnoj korelaciji sa visokim stepenom entropije evropskog političko-bezbednosnog sistema