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Active Learning Strategies in Harmony Teaching
No full textNastava Harmonije u suvremenom se kontekstu često percipira kao zastarjela jer se nerijetko zanemaruje njezina izvorna povezanost sa stvarnom glazbom. U praksi je često ograničena na pismeno rješavanje zadataka bez slušnog doživljaja, što rezultira time da učenici nakon srednjoškolskog glazbenog obrazovanja nemaju cjelovit uvid u glazbeni jezik. Takva situacija zahtijeva reformu, osobito imajući u vidu da je posljednji Nastavni plan i program za glazbene i plesne škole donesen još 2008. godine. Unatoč tome, nastavnici mogu unaprijediti svoju praksu poticanjem aktivnog učenja i usmjeravanjem nastave na učenika. U nastavi Harmonije posebnu bi pozornost trebalo posvetiti temeljnim načelima glazbenog obrazovanja: slušanju, doživljavanju, analiziranju i izvođenju pravila iz same glazbe, a ne obratno. Pri tome je važno uvažavati interese učenika i približiti im slušne pojmove kroz glazbene primjere koji ne moraju biti isključivo iz područja umjetničke glazbe. Tradicionalna dominacija klavira i četveroglasnoga zborskog sloga može se obogatiti suvremenijim pristupima, uključujući orkestralne izvedbe i raznovrsne instrumentalne boje. Strategije aktivnog učenja potiču sudjelovanje i razumijevanje, a ujedno stvaraju i simboličnu „harmoniju“ među učenicima. Kroz projektno i suradničko učenje, istraživanje i kreativne zadatke učenici razvijaju ključne kompetencije: interes prema glazbi, sposobnost slušne analize, suradnje i kritičkog mišljenja. Na taj način znanja stečena u Harmoniji postaju primjenjiva u stvarnim glazbenim situacijama – bilo da se radi o skladanju, sviranju pratnji, aranžiranju ili svjesnom i razumijevajućem slušanju glazbe.Harmony teaching in the contemporary context is often perceived as outdated, as its original connection with real music is frequently neglected. In practice, it is often limited to written exercises without an aural experience, which results in students completing secondary music education without a comprehensive understanding of the musical language. This situation calls for reform, especially considering that the latest curriculum for music and dance schools was adopted in 2008. Nevertheless, teachers can enhance their practice by promoting active learning and student-centered instruction. In harmony lessons, particular attention should be given to the fundamental principles of music education: listening, experiencing, analyzing, and deriving rules directly from the music itself, rather than the other way around. It is also important to respect students’ interests and introduce aural concepts through musical examples that are not necessarily limited to art music. The traditional dominance of the piano and four-part choral textures can be enriched with more contemporary approaches, including orchestral performances and diverse instrumental colors. Active learning strategies encourage participation and understanding, while also creating a symbolic “harmony” among students. Through project-based and collaborative learning, as well as research and creative tasks, students develop key competencies: interest in music, aural analysis skills, collaboration, and critical thinking. In this way, the knowledge gained in harmony lessons becomes applicable in real musical situations – whether in composing, accompanying, arranging, or conscious and informed listening
One sculputre in two spaces
No full textRazumijevanje vrsta prostora je ključno u razumijevanju umjetnosti skulpture i arhitekture. Skulptura i arhitektura koriste prostor na različite načine, oblikujući naše okruženje i potičući interakciju. Mogućnosti različitih odnosa objekta i prostora važne su za istraživanje percepcije i kreativnosti. Iluzija se često koristi za manipulaciju percepcijom prostora, a umjetnici su kroz povijest istraživali različite tehnike kako bi postigli željeni učinak. U suvremenoj umjetnosti, posebno u postmodernoj, istražuju se i virtualni prostori, što potiče promišljanje o stvarnosti i percepciji na novi način.Space is a key element in art and architecture. Sculpture and architecture utilize space in different ways, shaping our environment and encouraging interaction. Understanding different types of space is important for exploring perception and creativity. Illusion is often used to manipulate the perception of space, and artists throughout history have explored various techniques to achieve the desired effect. In contemporary art, especially in the postmodern era, virtual spaces are also being explored, which stimulates new thinking about reality and perception
RICHARD WAGNER I GUSTAV MAHLER, PREDSTAVNICI KASNOG ROMANTIZMA
No full textRomantizam je razdoblje u povijesti umjetnosti od kasnog 18. do sredine 19. stoljeća. Prvo se pojavio u književnosti, a na kraju u glazbi. Romantizam u glazbi odlikuje isticanje osjećaja nasuprot razumu, istraživanje prirode i nadnaravnog, individualnost i bijeg od stvarnosti. U glazbi se romantizam dijeli na 3 glavna perioda, a oni su rani, srednji i kasni romantizam. Veliki značaj nose kasni romantičari jer uspostavljena sredstva i postupke dovode do krajnosti te postavljaju temelje za novu nadolazeću grupu skladatelja. Oblikuje ih u najvećoj mjeri Richard Wagner, najistaknutiji skladatelj romantizma, zaslužan i za veliku opernu reformu. Osim Wagnera, veliki značaj za romantizam ima i Gustav Mahler, veliki simfoničar koji je zaslužan za formiranje orkestra kakav je poznat danas. Njihov je utjecaj u 19. stoljeću, kao i u 20., neosporiv. Richard Wagner i Gustav Mahler značajno su utjecali na nove pravce u glazbi 20. stoljeća, kao što su utjecali i na druge skladatelje kolege koji su stvarali u 19. stoljeću kao i oni te se upravo iz tog razloga smatraju glavnim predstavnicima kasnog romantizma.Romanticism is a period in history of art from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century. It first emerged in literature and later in music. Romanticism in music is characterized by emphasizing emotions over reason, exploring nature and the supernatural, individuality, and a departure from reality. In music, Romanticism is divided into three main periods: early, middle, and late Romanticism. Late romantics hold great significance because their establishment of techniques and approaches pushed boundaries and laid the groundwork for a new upcoming group of composers. Richard Wagner, the most prominent composer of Romanticism, played a major role in shaping opera reform. Another important figure in Romanticism is Gustav Mahler, a great symphonist who contributed to the formation of the modern orchestra as we know it today. Their influence in the 19th and 20th centuries is undeniable. Richard Wagner and Gustav Mahler significantly impacted new directions in 20th-century music, as well as influencing their contemporaries who created music in the 19th century. For this reason, they are considered key representatives of late Romanticism
ZDRAVLJE I AKTIVNO STARENJE – PREVENCIJA UZ GLAZBU I MUZIKOTERAPIJU
No full textOvaj rad istražuje ulogu glazbe i muzikoterapije kao inovativnih pristupa u očuvanju i unapređenju zdravlja starijih osoba u kontekstu aktivnog starenja. Analizom relevantne znanstvene literature prikazani su učinci glazbe na fizičko, mentalno i emocionalno zdravlje, kao i na socijalnu uključenost starijih osoba. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na utjecaj muzikoterapije na kognitivne funkcije, smanjenje depresije i anksioznosti, te rehabilitaciju kod neuroloških oboljenja. Kroz primjere iz prakse i teorijske modele, istaknute su mogućnosti integracije muzikoterapije u sustave zdravstvene i socijalne skrbi, kao i njezina važnost u prevenciji socijalne izolacije. Rad doprinosi razumijevanju muzikoterapije kao holističkog i znanstveno utemeljenog pristupa u radu sa starijom populacijom.This thesis explores the role of music and music therapy as innovative approaches to preserving and enhancing the health of older adults in the context of active aging. Through an analysis of relevant scientific literature, the paper presents the effects of music on the physical, mental, and emotional health of the elderly, as well as their social inclusion. Special attention is given to the impact of music therapy on cognitive functions, reduction of depression and anxiety, and rehabilitation in neurological disorders. Practical examples and theoretical models highlight the potential for integrating music therapy into health and social care systems, emphasizing its value in preventing social isolation. This work contributes to the understanding of music therapy as a holistic and evidence-based approach in working with the elderly population
Children’s Attitudes Towards Participation in a Folklore Ensemble
No full textOvaj se rad bavi se istraživanjem dječjeg sudjelovanja u folklornim ansamblima, s naglaskom na njihove motive, osjećaje i percepcije povezane s vježbanjem i javnim nastupima. Folklor, kao oblik izražavanja kulturnog identiteta, posebno je važan u ranom djetinjstvu i mladosti, kada se formiraju vrijednosti i osjećaj pripadnosti zajednici. U tom smislu, uključivanje djece u folklorne aktivnosti ne doprinosi samo očuvanju tradicijske baštine, već ima i važnu pedagošku, emocionalnu i društvenu funkciju. Djeca uče o običajima, narodnim nošnjama, plesovima i glazbi svojeg kraja, čime se produbljuje njihova povezanost s lokalnom zajednicom i razvija poštovanje prema nacionalnoj kulturi. U okviru ovoga rada provedeno je istraživanja čiji je cilj bio ispitati stavove djece i mladih o sudjelovanju u folklornom ansamblu. Istraživanje je provedeno s pomoću anketnog upitnika koji su ispunila 64 sudionika različitog spola i dobi, a pitanja su bila usmjerena na osobne stavove, motivaciju, zadovoljstvo i emocionalni doživljaj folklornih aktivnosti. Rezultati pokazuju da djeca najčešće navode ples i druženje kao ključne razloge upisa u ansambl, a značajan broj njih osjeća ponos i zadovoljstvo nakon nastupa. Premda neki vježbanje doživljavaju kao naporno, motivacija za nastup i pripadnost skupini znatno utječu na njihovu ustrajnost. Također, tradicija u obitelji ima vidljiv utjecaj, tj. djeca čiji su roditelji ili rodbina bili uključeni u folklor češće iskazuju pozitivan stav prema folkloru. Dobiveni rezultati doprinose boljem razumijevanju uloge folklora u životima djece te pružaju korisne smjernice odgojiteljima, učiteljima i voditeljima kulturno-umjetničkih društava u poticanju i održavanju interesa mladih za očuvanje kulturne baštine. Ovaj rad tako kombinira teorijski okvir o folkloru s empirijskim uvidom u dječju perspektivu, naglašavajući važnost njegova očuvanja kroz aktivno sudjelovanje mlađih generacija.This paper explores children’s participation in folklore ensembles, with a focus on their motives, feelings, and perceptions related to rehearsals and public performances. Folklore, as a form of cultural identity expression, is especially important in early childhood and youth, when values and a sense of belonging to a community are formed. In this sense, involving children in folklore activities not only contributes to the preservation of traditional heritage, but also has an important pedagogical, emotional, and social function. Children learn about customs, traditional costumes, dances, and music of their region, deepening their connection with the local community and developing respect for national culture. As part of this paper, a study was conducted with the aim of examining the attitudes of children and youth towards participation in a folklore ensemble. The research was conducted using a questionnaire completed by sixty-four participants of different genders and ages, and the questions focused on personal attitudes, motivation, satisfaction, and emotional experiences related to folklore activities. The results show that children most often cite dancing and socializing as the key reasons for joining an ensemble, and a considerable number of them feel pride and satisfaction after performances. Although some perceive rehearsals as demanding, the motivation to perform and a sense of belonging to the group influence their persistence. Additionally, family tradition has a visible impact - children whose parents or relatives participated in folklore more often express positive attitudes towards folklore. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the role of folklore in children’s lives and provide useful guidelines for educators, teachers, and leaders of cultural-artistic societies in encouraging and maintaining young people's interest in preserving cultural heritage. This paper thus combines a theoretical framework on folklore with empirical insights into the children's perspective, highlighting the importance of preserving folklore through active participation of younger generations
L. van Beethoven: Sonata in D major no 15, op. 28
No full textZavršni rad temelji se na formalno-harmonijskoj te interpretativnoj analizi Sonate u D-duru br.15, op.28, poznate pod nazivom Pastoralna, Ludwiga van Beethovena. U uvodnom dijelu rada opisuje se skladateljeva biografija i stvaralaštvo; prikazuje se mjesto ove sonate unutar skladateljeva stvaralaštva te se ukratko razmatra razvoj klavirske sonate prema Beethovenu kao ključnoj figuri prijelaza iz klasicizma u romantizam. Središnji dio rada obuhvaća detaljnu analizu sva četiri stavka sonate. Analiziraju se tematska struktura, tonalni plan, ritamske i harmonijske značajke. Također, razmatraju se elementi koji su doprinijeli pastoralnom ugođaju. U interpretacijskoj analizi referira se na izvođačku koncepciju i problematiku: fraziranje, struktura, dinamika, artikulacija, pedalizacija... Kroz analitički i izvođački pristup, ovaj rad nastoji pružiti cjelovit uvid u strukturu i interpretacijske izazove Pastoralne sonate.The final thesis is based on formal-harmonic and interpretative analysis of the Sonata in D major No. 15, Op. 28, known as the Pastoral Sonata, by Ludwig van Beethoven. The introductory section presents the composer’s biography and oeuvre; it places this sonata within Beethoven´s creative output and briefly considers the development of the piano sonata with Beethoven as a key figure in the transition from Classicism to Romantism. The central part of the thesis provides a detailed analysis of all four movements of the sonata. Thematic structure, tonal plan, rhythmic and harmonic features are examined. Furthermore, elements contributing to the pastoral character are discussed. The interpretative analysis refers to performance concepts and issues such as phrasing, structure, dynamics, articulation, and pedaling. Through both analytical and performance-oriented approaches, this thesis seeks to provide a comprehensive insight into the structure and interpretative challenges of th
Music festivals - economic and social impact/Final concert
No full textGlazbeni festivali imaju višestruke učinke – od ekonomskih do društvenih i kulturnih. Oni generiraju prihode kroz turizam, ugostiteljstvo i zapošljavanje te time jačaju lokalnu i nacionalnu ekonomiju. Istodobno, festivali okupljaju različite društvene skupine i potiču osjećaj zajedništva i kulturne razmjene. Kao prostori kreativnosti, oni daju priliku mladim umjetnicima da se afirmiraju te oblikuju kulturni identitet zajednice. Međutim, festivali nose i izazove, poput ovisnosti o javnom financiranju, komercijalizacije i pritiska na infrastrukturu. Važan je i aspekt održivosti jer festivalske prakse mogu imati značajne ekološke posljedice. Sveukupno, festivali su snažan alat za razvoj ekonomije, društva i kulture, ali zahtijevaju pažljivo planiranje i odgovorno upravljanje.Music festivals have multiple impacts – economic, social, and cultural. They generate income through tourism, hospitality, and employment, thereby strengthening local and national economies. At the same time, festivals bring together different social groups and foster a sense of community and cultural exchange. As spaces of creativity, they provide opportunities for young artists to gain recognition and shape the cultural identity of the community. However, festivals also bring challenges, such as dependence on public funding, commercialization, and pressure on infrastructure. The sustainability aspect is crucial, since festival practices can have significant ecological consequences. Overall, festivals are a powerful tool for the development of the economy, society, and culture, but they require careful planning and responsible management
„THE CRY OF THE WILD GIRL“ – COMPOSITION FOR SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA
No full textAnalizom skladbe dobivamo uvid u skladateljeve ideje, odrednice umjetničkog stila, utjecaje, tehnike skladanja te načine obrade glazbenog materijala, sve u svrhu boljeg razumijevanja same glazbe i autorova rada. Šesterostavačna programna skladba „Krik divlje djevojke“ skladatelja Jurice Hrenića pokušava dočarati priču iz istoimenog romana i jedno je od njegovih najznačajnijih djela u smislu kompleksnosti, veličine orkestracije i dužine trajanja.Through the analysis of a musical composition, we gain valuable insights into the composer's conceptual framework, artistic stylistic elements, influences, composition techniques, and methods of musical material development. This process is undertaken with the primary objective of fostering a deeper comprehension of the music itself and the artistic output of the composer. The six-movement programmatic composition "The Cry of the Wild Girl", composed by Jurica Hrenić, endeavors to convey the narrative from the eponymous novel and stands as one of his most significant works, notable for its intricate complexity, expansive orchestration, and extended duration
APPLICATION OF ART THERAPY WITH ELDERLY SUFFERING FROM NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
No full textOvaj rad obuhvaća pregledno istraživanje koje, na temelju analize recentne literature i kvalitativnom metodologijom, sažima spoznaje o primjeni art terapije kod starijih osoba s neurodegenerativnim bolestima. Središnje istraživačko pitanje koje se postavlja u ovom radu jest unapređuje li art terapija kvalitetu života bolesnika oboljelih od neurodegenerativnih bolesti. Neurodegenerativne bolesti predstavljaju brojna stanja kod kojih dolazi do progresivne degeneracije stanica živčanog sustava. Riječ je o kroničnim, progresivnim i neizlječivim bolestima. Oboljeli se suočavaju s kognitivnim deficitima, gubitkom pamćenja, depresijom, anksioznošću i socijalnom izolacijom. Najčešće neurodegenerativne bolesti su Alzheimerova i Parkinsonova bolest. Iako specifična farmakološka terapija ne postoji, suvremenim liječenjem se može usporiti tijek bolesti. Unatoč tome, kvaliteta života pacijenata i njihovih obitelji je značajno narušena. Rezultati ekstenzivnog pregleda literature u ovom istraživanju pokazuju da art terapija može značajno poboljšati kvalitetu života oboljelih od neurodegenerativnih bolesti i njihovih obitelji. Art terapija može doprinijeti smanjenju anksiozno-depresivnih simptoma i utjecati na psihotične simptome, doprinijeti redukciji stresa i većem samopouzdanju, doprinijeti boljoj kontroli motorike, poboljšati kognitivno funkcioniranje oboljelih, smanjiti socijalnu izoliranost, umanjiti osjećaj stigmatiziranosti te učiniti pozitivan pomak u percepciji demencije. Integracija art terapije u medicinske terapijske protokole oboljelih od neurodegenerativnih bolesti unaprijedit će njihovu kvalitetu života i doprinijeti pozitivnim zdravstvenim ishodima.This paper presents a comprehensive review, based on an analysis of recent literature and a qualitative methodology, which summarizes insights into the application of art therapy among older adults with neurodegenerative diseases. This research raises the question of whether art therapy improves the quality of life for patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases encompass various conditions characterized by the progressive degeneration of nervous system cells. These diseases are chronic, progressive, and incurable. Patients face cognitive deficits, memory loss, depression, anxiety, and social isolation. The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Although no specific pharmacological therapy exists, current treatments can slow disease progression. Nevertheless, the quality of life for both patients and their families is significantly impaired. The results of the extensive literature review in this study indicate that art therapy can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and their families. Art therapy can help reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms, influence psychotic symptoms, alleviate stress, boost self-confidence, improve motor control, enhance cognitive functioning, reduce social isolation, lessen feelings of stigmatization, and create a positive shift in the perception of dementia. The integration of art therapy into medical therapeutic protocols for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases holds the potential to improve their quality of life and contribute to positive health outcomes
The analysis and methodical research of the musical work Sonata para guitarra by Antonio Jose/Concert according to the programme
No full textSonata za gitaru (Sonata para guitarra) španjolskog skladatelja Antonija Joséa jedno je od najvažnijih i najzahtjevnijih djela repertoara za klasičnu gitaru 20. stoljeća. Nastala pod utjecajem impresionizma, neoklasicizma i španjolske folklorne tradicije, sonata predstavlja skladateljevu duboku glazbenu viziju i originalni pristup instrumentu, unatoč činjenici da sam José nije bio gitarist. Ovaj rad analizira strukturalne i harmonijske posebnosti djela te iznosi metodičke smjernice za njegovo izvođenje i poučavanje. Detaljno su proučeni tehnički i interpretacijski izazovi svakog stavka sonate, kao i primjena suvremenih metoda nastave u njihovom savladavanju. Rad se temelji na analitičkoj obradi notnog teksta, povijesnom kontekstu nastanka djela te autorovoj vlastitoj izvedbenoj i pedagoškoj praksi. Cilj rada je pružiti sustavan pregled sonate kao pedagoški vrijednog i umjetnički značajnog djela te pomoći budućim izvođačima i nastavnicima gitare u njezinu razumijevanju i interpretaciji.The Sonata para guitarra by Spanish composer Antonio José is one of the most important and challenging works in the classical guitar repertoire of the 20th century. Created under the influence of impressionism, neoclassicism and Spanish folk tradition, the sonata reflects the composer’s deep musical vision and original approach to the instrument, despite the fact that José was not a guitarist himself. This thesis analyzes the structural and harmonic features of the work and offers methodological guidelines for its performance and teaching. The technical and interpretative challenges of each movement are examined in detail, along with the application of modern teaching methods to address them. The thesis is based on an analytical study of the score, the historical context of the work’s creation, and the author’s own performance and pedagogical experience. The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic overview of the sonata as both a pedagogically valuable and artistically significant work, and to assist future performers and guitar teachers in its understanding and interpretation