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Evaluation of effects of curcumin on acute esophagitis in the corrosive esophagitis model in rats
No full textIngestion of a corrosive substance may cause corrosive esophagitis. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and mucosal protective effects. In this study, the effects of curcumin on the acute phase of corrosive esophagitis were investigated. Twenty-seven Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups; sham (group I), control (group II), and experiment groups (group III, 100 mg/kg curcumin; group IV, 200 mg/kg curcumin). Forty percent sodium hydroxide solution was used to erode the esophagi of rats in groups other than the sham group. Curcumin was applied to animals in the experiment groups 10 min after the corrosion. After 24 h, animals were sacrificed, and esophagus samples were collected. According to the histopathological examination, the muscularis mucosa damage was regressed from 100% in group II to 71.4% in group III and 50% in group IV. Mild level of damage and collagen deposition in the tunica muscularis regressed from 66.7% of the animals in the control group to 42.9% in group III and to none in group IV. Further, an increase in submucosal collagen was present in all samples from groups II and III, while 83.3% of samples had an increase in submucosal collagen in group IV. There was a significant difference in the histopathological total score between the control group and group IV (p=0.02). The results showed that the administration of curcumin in a dose-dependent manner can relieve the acute phase of corrosive esophagitis.Kirikkale UniversityNo Statement Availabl
Analysis of translation technologies courses in the departments of translation and interpreting in Türkiye and proposal of a new model
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mütercim Tercümanlık Ana Bilim Dalı, Mütercim Tercümanlık (Fransızca) Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki çalışma kapsamında seçilmiş üniversitelerin çeviri bölümlerinde verilen çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik dersler için yeni bir eğitim modeli sunmaktır. Çalışmanın temelinde "çeviri eğitiminde çeviri teknolojilerinin yeri nedir, çeviri eğitimi bilgisayar mühendisliği içerisinde nasıl değerlendirilir, çeviri eğitimi verilen lisans programlarında çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik dersler bilgisayar mühendisliği bölümleri tarafından desteklenebilir mi, ortak verilebilecek dersler neler ve nasıl olmalıdır? gibi sorulara yanıt aranmıştır. Bu hedef doğrultusunda, nitel araştırma, belge analizi ve derlem yöntemi kullanılarak öncelikle Türkiye'deki mütercim ve tercümanlık bölümlerinin müfredatları taranarak çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik dersler ayırt edilmiş, çalışma kapsamındaki gerekli bilgiler derlenmiştir. Türkiye'de çeviri teknolojilerinin çeviri eğitimindeki yeri ele alınarak, bu alanda kaydedilen ilerlemeler doğrultusunda çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik olarak verilen derslerin çeşitliliği irdelenmiştir. Ardından Türkiye örnekleminde çeviri eğitimi veren çalışma kapsamında seçilmiş üniversitelerin müfredatlarında yer alan çeviri teknolojilerine ait derslerin hedef ve çıktıları, derslerde kullanılan materyaller, kaynaklar incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda çeviri teknolojileri eğitiminin hem çeviri hem de mühendislik alanlarını doğrudan ilgilendirdiği, ancak çeviri bölümlerinde verilen çeviri teknolojileri derslerinin bu açıdan yeterince incelenmediği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye'deki çeviri bölümlerinde verilen çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik derslerin çeviri bölümleri ve bilgisayar mühendisliği bölümleri ile yürütülecek olan ortak bir programın olmadığı tespit edilerek bu çerçevede yeniden düzenlenmesi yönünde önerilere yer verilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, çeviri teknolojileri derslerinin bilgisayar mühendisliği tarafından desteklenmesinin bu sürece daha fazla katkı sunabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki disiplin tarafından yürütülecek ortak dersler sonucunda, çeviri eğitiminin yanında öğrencilerin hem bu teknolojilerin geliştirilmesinde hem de kullanılmasında daha etkin rol üstlenebilmeleri amacıyla çeviri teknolojilerini daha verimli bir biçimde öğrenmeleri hedeflenmiştir. Tüm bu hedefler doğrultusunda, çalışmanın sonunda Türkiye'de lisans düzeyinde çeviri eğitimi veren mütercim ve tercümanlık bölümlerinin müfredatlarında çeviri teknolojilerinin öğretilmesine yönelik verilen derslerin içerikleri ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu önerilerin başında çeviri teknolojileri derslerinin belli bir bölümünün bilgisayar mühendisliği bölümleriyle ortak yürütülmesine yönelik içerik önerisi gelmektedir. Bir diğer öneri ise, bu derslerde kullanılan materyallerin bu alanda gerçekleştirilen ilerlemelere paralel olarak sürekli güncellenmesine yöneliktir. Son olarak, mütercim ve tercümanlık bölümlerinin müfredatlarında yer alan çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik derslerin dönemsel bazda ve alansal bağlamda daha fazla çeşitlendirilmesinin gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Çalışmanın çeviri ve çeviri teknolojileri alanında yapılacak olan araştırmalara katkı sunabileceği ümit edilmektedir.The objective of this study is to present a new educational model for translation technology courses offered in translation departments of selected universities in Türkiye. The study sought answers to questions such as "what is the place of translation technologies in translation training, how can translation training be considered within computer engineering, can courses on translation technologies be supported by computer engineering departments in undergraduate translation training programs, what are the courses that can be offered jointly and how should they be offered?". In line with this objective, using qualitative research, document analysis and corpus methodology, firstly, the curricula of translation and interpreting departments in Türkiye were scanned, courses on translation technologies were identified and the necessary information for the study was compiled. The place of translation technologies in translation training in Türkiye was analyzed and the diversity of courses on translation technologies was examined in line with the progress made in this field. Then, the objectives and outcomes of the translation technologies courses in the curricula of the universities selected for the study, as well as the materials and resources used in the courses were analyzed. Results of the analysis, demonstrated that translation technology training is directly related to both translation and engineering fields, but translation technology courses offered in translation departments have not been sufficiently analyzed in this respect. As a result, it was determined that the courses on translation technologies given in translation departments in Türkiye do not have a common program to be carried out with translation departments and computer engineering departments and suggestions were made to reorganize them within this framework. In this context, it has been evaluated that the support of translation technology courses by engineering departments, especially computer engineering, can contribute more to this process. With joint courses conducted by both disciplines, it is aimed that students will learn translation technologies more efficiently in order to take a more active role in both the development and use of these technologies in addition to translation training. In line with all these objectives, the study concludes with some recommendations regarding the content of courses on translation technologies in the curricula of translation and interpreting departments offering undergraduate translation training in Türkiye. One of the main suggestion is that a certain part of translation technology courses should be conducted jointly with computer engineering departments. Another suggestion is that the materials used in these courses should be constantly updated in line with the advances made in this field. Finally, the necessity of further diversifying the courses on translation technologies in the curricula of translation and interpreting departments on a semester basis and in terms of field was emphasized. It is hoped that this study will contribute to future research in the field of translation and translation technologies
Relación entre las Localizaciones Anatómicas de la Pinza Hiatal y la Unión Esofagogástrica con el Índice de Masa Corporal
No full textIn our study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between the anatomical localizations measured and the Body Mass Index (BMI) in patients scheduled for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In this study, anatomical localizations of the hiatal clamp and oesophagogastric junction in 189 female and 137 male patients who applied to the hospital with different gastrointestinal system complaints and underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) were investigated depending on BMI. In addition, the data were compared with the patients' complaints before EGD and the diagnoses they received after EGD. SPSS Statistics 22 (IBM Corp. Turkey) program was used for statistical analysis and p0.05). On the other hand, it was determined that the hiatal clamp distance and the distance of the oesophagogastric junction increased as the height and weight increased (p38. As a result of the study, it can be said that BMI values, hiatal clamp distance and oesophagogastric junction localizations may change in relation to height and weight
ESTIMATING THE PARAMETERS OF GENERALIZED LOGISTIC DISTRIBUTION VIA GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ON REDUCED SEARCH SPACE
No full textIn this study, maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the parameters of generalized logistic (GL) distribution are obtained using the genetic algorithm (GA) based on the reduced search space (RSS) proposed by (Yalçınkaya et al. Swarm and Evolutionary Computation 38, 127–138, 2018). RSS is defined in terms of the confidence intervals based on modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimators. MML estimators are the explicit functions of the sample observations and asymptotically equivalent to the ML estimators, (Tiku, Biometrika 54, 155–165, 1967). To see the effectiveness of RSS, we examine the performance of GA based on RSS against GA based on fixed search space (FSS). The efficiencies of these estimators are also compared with the classical ML estimators using Newton–Raphson (NR) algorithm via Monte Carlo simulation study. MML estimators of GL distribution parameters are also included into the study to show the performance of the non-iterative MML methodology against the iterative ML methodology. At the end of the study, a real-life example is given to see the implementation of the proposed methodology. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
NEW ORDER IN THE CONVENING OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING: OVERVIEW OF TCC ART. 392/VII
No full textAnonim şirketlerde yönetim kurulu toplantısına çağrı hususunun doğurduğu problemler uzun süredir doktrin ve yargıyı meşgul etmektedir. Yönetim kurulu başkanı veya onun yokluğunda başkan vekilinin toplantı çağrısı yapmaya yetkili olduğu genel kabuldür. Ancak bu kabul, özellikle farklı menfaat grupları ve çatışmaların bulunduğu şirketlerde, başkanın yetkisini kötüye kullanarak toplantı çağrısını adeta krize dönüştürmesini engellememektedir. Yönetim kurulu başkanı ve başkan vekilinin toplantı çağrısı yapmamakta ısrar etmesi halinde, üyelerin doğrudan veya mahkemeye başvuru yoluyla çağrı yapıp yapamayacakları tartışılmakta; kurulu toplantıya çağırabilmek için çareler aranmakta, öneriler sıralanmaktadır. Kanun koyucu söz konusu tartışmalara ve uyuşmazlıklara son vermek adına, 7511 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu ile Bazı Kanunlarda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun m. 15 ile TTK m. 392/VII’de önemli değişiklikler yapmıştır. Buna göre bireysel talepler ile çoğunluk oluşturmayacak sayıda üyenin istemlerinde, başkana, çağrı yapma konusunda takdir yetkisi tanınmıştır. Üyelerin çoğunluğunun istemi üzerine ise başkanın çağrı yapması zorunlu tutulmuştur. Başkanın belirli bir sürede bu zorunluluğa uygun davranmaması halinde istem sahiplerine doğrudan çağrı yetkisi verilmiştir. Makalemizde yönetim kurulu toplantı çağrısına ilişkin yenilikler, Kıta Avrupası’ndaki bazı düzenlemeler ile karşılaştırmalı olarak ve eleştirel bir gözle ele alınmakta; değişikliğin yetersiz kaldığı noktalarda düzenleme önerileri getirilmektedir.The problems arising from the issue of convening a meeting of the board of directors in joint stock companies have been occupying the doctrine and the courts for a long time. It is generally accepted that the chairperson of the board of directors, or in his absence, the deputy chairperson, is authorized to convene a meeting. However, this general assumption does not prevent the chairperson from abusing his authority and turning the convening of the meeting into a crisis, especially in companies with different interest groups and conflicts. If the chairperson and the deputy chairperson of the board of directors refuse to convene a meeting, it is discussed whether the members may convene the meeting directly or through an application to the court, and remedies are sought to convene the board of directors. To put an end to these discussions and disputes, the legislator has made significant amendments to Article 392/VII of the TCC with the Law No. 7511 on the Amendment of the Turkish Commercial Code and Certain Laws. Accordingly, the chairperson has been granted discretionary authority to convene for individual requests and requests of a number of members that do not constitute a majority. Upon the request of the majority of the members, the chairperson is obliged to convene. In case the chairperson fails to comply with this obligation within a certain period, the requestors are authorized to make a direct convening. In this article, the amendments regarding the convening of the board of directors meeting are examined critically and comparatively with the regulations in some Continental European countries, and suggestions are made where the amendment is insufficient
Accuracies of large language models in answering radiation protection questions
No full text[Abstract No tAvailable
Changes in Quality of Alimentation, Anthropometric Measurements, Emotional and Appetite Status of Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textIntroduction: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) operation is one of the bariatric surgery methods used to treat extreme obesity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in food tolerance, quality of alimentation, anthropometric measurements, and emotional and appetite status following LAGB. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 98 patients, 1 year had passed since LAGB. In this study, no sample selection method was used; all patients who met the inclusion criteria and volunteered participated. The questionnaire form included questions to determine the patients’ demographic information, anthropometric measurements, changing food consumption, pre- and post-operative meal consumption, appetite and emotional status. Quality of Alimentation (QA) reflects patients’ post-operative dietary satisfaction and tolerance. The QA Form was used to evaluate post-operative food tolerance. Results: The average age was 38.61±9.82 years, and the mean QA score was 15.59±4.81. The patients lost an average of 30.80±17.76 kg of body weight from pre-operative to post-operative 1st year, and the percentage of patients’ excessive body weight loss was found to be 54.37±26.42. It was determined that the foods that were most difficult to consume after the operation were red meat, white meat, bread, rice, pasta, and salad, respectively. Conclusions: This study uniquely evaluates food tolerance using the QA Form, offering insights into post-operative dietary challenges. LAGB effectively reduces appetite, promotes weight loss, and has a positive impact on patients’ emotional health. © 2024 Özenir et al
An experimental comparative study of the effects on the engine performance of using three different motion mechanisms in a beta-configuration Stirling engine
No full textThis study deals with three different Stirling engines with rhombic, slider-crank, and bell-crank motion mechanisms which have been designed and manufactured. Engine performance tests of Stirling engines with these three different motion mechanisms at different operating parameters have been carried out in a laboratory environment. During the experimental studies under consideration, the cooler and heater temperatures have been kept at 300 K (+/- 5) and 1000 K (+/- 10), respectively. Engine performance tests have been performed at different charging pressures using helium, nitrogen, and air as working fluids. Despite the fact that the Stirling engines with these three different motion mechanisms have the same sweeping volumes and technical specifications, engine performance values have been obtained differently from each other. The main reason for this difference can be explained as friction and other mechanical losses in motion mechanisms. The performance values obtained depending on the type of motion mechanism are rhombic, slider-crank, and bell-crank, from highest to lowest, respectively. The highest engine power measured among all experimental studies has been 215.48 W at 550 rpm and 4 bar charging pressure in tests using helium gas and rhombic motion mechanism. The lowest engine power among the maximum power values has been obtained as 82.5 W at 167 rpm and 4 bar charging pressure in experiments using air as the working fluid and the bell-crank motion mechanism. As a matter of fact, the highest engine power within the maximum engine power values is 161.2% higher than the lowest engine power.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kimath;rimath;kkale University [2023/058]; Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit at Kimath;rimath;kkale University; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of K & imath;r & imath;kkale University provided support for this study under project number 2023/058. I am grateful for the financial support provided by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit at K & imath;r & imath;kkale University. I am also grateful for the supports of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
Feature Selection in the Diabetes Dataset with the Marine Predator Algorithm and Classification using Machine Learning Methods
No full textDiabetes, which is classified as one of the leading causes of mortality, is a chronic and intricate metabolic disorder defined by disruptions in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Type 1 diabetes is categorized alongside Type 2 diabetes, as well as other distinct kinds of diabetes, including gestational diabetes. Complications, both acute and chronic, manifest in individuals with diabetes due to diminished insulin secretion and disruptions in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Following the completion of the data preparation step, the diabetes dataset that was collected from Kaggle is then sent to the feature extraction module for analysis. After the optimization process has been completed, the feature selection block will determine which characteristics stand out the most. The selected traits discussed before are sorted into several categories using the categorization module. The findings are compared to those that would have been obtained if the marine predator optimization algorithm (MPOA) technique had not been carried out, specifically regarding metrics like the F1 score, Recall, Accuracy, and Precision. The findings indicate that the LR classification approach achieves an accuracy rate of 77.63% without property selection. However, when the characteristics are selected using the MPOA, the accuracy rate increases to 79.39%
ŞAHİN KIZILABDULLAH (ed.), AMERİKAN TARİHİNE YÖN VEREN AFRO-AMERİKALILAR
No full textIn historical research, biographies are an indispensable type of source that allows for a better understanding of the events of the period through the life stories of individuals. African Americans Shaping American History is inspired by a series of studies conducted at Indiana University between 2016 and 2018. This editorial work includes the biographies of 15 prominent figures in the African American community, led by Sahin Kizilabdullah and analyzed by 15 researchers. The book was published in September 2022 by Berikan Publishing House in Ankara and consists of 294 pages. The biographies of Absalom Jones, Richard Allen, Nat Turner, W.E.B. Du Bois, Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, Alain Leroy Locke, Noble Drew Ali, Marcus Garvey, Elijah Muhammad, Wentworth Arthur Matthew, Mahalia Jackson, Charles Eric Lincoln, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. are presented in chronological order. The lives of each leader reveal not only their individual struggles, but also the social resistance and solidarity of the African American community against systematic oppression.Tarihsel araştırmalarda biyografiler, şahısların yaşam öyküleri üzerinden dönemin olaylarını daha iyi anlamaya olanak tanıyan vazgeçilmez bir kaynak türüdür. Amerikan Tarihine Yön Veren Afro-Amerikalılar adlı eser, 2016-2018 yılları arasında Indiana Üniversitesi’nde yürütülen bir dizi araştırmadan ilham alarak hazırlanmıştır. Editöryal nitelikteki bu çalışma, Şahin Kızılabdullah liderliğinde, Afro-Amerikan toplumuna önderlik eden 15 önemli şahsiyetin biyografilerinin 15 araştırmacı tarafından incelenmesini içermektedir. Kitap, Eylül 2022 yılında Ankara Berikan Yayınevi’nden çıkmış ve 294 sayfadan oluşmuştur. Eserde, Absalom Jones, Richard Allen, Nat Turner, W.E.B. Du Bois, Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, Alain Leroy Locke, Noble Drew Ali, Marcus Garvey, Elijah Muhammed, Wentworth Arthur Matthew, Mahalia Jackson, Charles Eric Lincoln, Malcolm X ve Martin Luther King Jr. isimli liderlerin yaşam öyküleri kronolojik bir düzende sunulmuştur. Her bir liderin yaşamı, yalnızca bireysel mücadelelerini değil, aynı zamanda Afro-Amerikan toplumunun sistematik baskıya karşı verdiği toplumsal direnişi ve dayanışmayı da gözler önüne sermektedir