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Flower Pollination Algorithm-Optimized Deep CNN Features for Almond(Prunus dulcis) Classification
No full text4th International Conference on Emerging Systems and Intelligent Computing, ESIC 2024 -- 9 February 2024 through 10 February 2024 -- Bhubaneswar -- 198536Almond is a nut rich in essential nutrients. In addition to being a food, it is also used in cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industry. The market value of almonds is determined according to the quality of the almonds. Manually determining the quality of almonds by humans is a prone to error, time-consuming, and tiring process. In this study, For this reasons, well-known twelve pre-trained CNNs were used to classify almonds as normal and damaged. Then, the most successful model was used as a feature extractor, and the features were classified with various machine learning algorithms. In addition to all these, features were selected by using the FPA algorithm, and the classification process was carried out. Experimental results showed that the use of CNNs as feature extractors and classification with machine learning algorithms can provide better results than the classical softmax structure. In addition, the proposed FPA-based feature extraction increases the classification performance. © 2024 IEEE
Neuroprotective effects of Sideritis trojana essential oil in AlCl3-induced amnesic rats
No full textIn this study, the effects of Sideritis trojana essential oil on memory, anxiety, and depression were investigated in rats subjected to AlCl3-induced dementia. The major constituents of S. trojana essential oil were analyzed as carvacrol (42.32%), carvone (18.69%), and alpha-pinene (4.54%). Rats were divided into five groups: Control, positive control (donepezil), AlCl3-only applicated, AlCl3 with 40% S. trojana essential oil applicated, and AlCl3 with 80% S. trojana essential oil applicated groups. The essential oil was administered for 30 days, after that, the rats were subjected to behavioral tests. In the forced swimming test, S. trojana essential oil application demonstrated antidepressant-like effects. In the elevated plus maze and open field tests, S. trojana essential oil application exhibited anxiolytic-like effects. Furthermore, the application of S. trojana essential oil ameliorated memory impairment induced by AlCl3 by increasing spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test. Furthermore, S. trojana essential oil application reduced the level of malondialdehyde and increased catalase activity, demonstrating antioxidant activity. Molecular docking analyses were performed between the major compounds of S. trojana essential oil and the AMPA receptor to evaluate possible mechanisms of action leading to neuroprotection. Carvacrol, carvone, and alpha-pinene were shown to possess strong binding abilities to the AMPA receptor, which may result in allosteric modulation of the receptor. This study demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of S. trojana essential oil in an animal model induced by AlCl3 application, suggesting its potential protective role against central nervous system disorders.Balikesir University, Scientific Research Projects Unit [2022/082]This study was funded by Balikesir University, Scientific Research Projects Unit (2022/082
Evaluation of OECD Countries in Terms of Better Life Index According to Bulut Index
No full textBackground: The \"Better Life Index\", first developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2011, includes many criteria from the functioning of public services to environmental wealth, from security services to individual and social well-being. Method: The performances of OECD countries according to the decision criteria that constitute the Better Life Index has been evaluated with Bulut Index (BI) method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making method. Normalized Maximum Values (NMV) method, one of the objective weighting methods, was used to determine weights of decision criteria. Findings: Among the indicators of the Better Life Index, the murder rate per 100 thousand population ranks first in terms of criterion weight. In the study, due to the analysis and evaluation made with Bulut Index, Switzerland ranked first among OECD countries with 82.28 points in the welfare and well-being index ranking. On the other hand, Türkiye ranked fourth from the bottom among OECD countries. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that urgent and necessary measures be taken on homicide rates, long-term unemployment rates and air pollution criteria. The lack of criteria regarding civic participation, work-life balance and income status constitute limitations of the study. In future studies, it is especially recommended that other researchers include these variables
A novel approach for enhancing the mechanical behavior of additively manufactured metal matrix composite structures: Preliminary investigation
No full textAdditive Manufacturing is a promising technique for expanding the boundaries of Metal Matrix Composites. In this study, Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) technique, employing Electron Beam as the heat source, was used to print Ti6Al4V metal matrix in different geometric shapes with a new approach for MMC fabrication. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) powder was then incorporated into these pattern shapes, compacted, and sintered to bind the powder particles together. The findings showed that successful sintering was achieved, resulting in the formation of a flexible interface region, with the circular design achieving the best interface region among all pattern designs. Regarding the mechanical performance evaluation of the developed Metal Matrix Composites, it was found that the mechanical strength was significantly increased with the hexagonal and circular patterns achieving the best results. Future research should pay more attention to further design development for the metal matrix model to achieve outstanding performance and create a new field for Metal Matrix Composites using the developed method
Risk Factors for Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture: A Clinical Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature
No full textAIM: To evaluate the patients who underwent surgery for an anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysm at our institution. We analyzed our case series and systematically reviewed the literature to identify factors that could predict the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm in patients with AcomA aneurysms or any intracranial aneurysm. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent surgery for AcomA aneurysms at a single institution between January 2014 and May 2023. Predictors for the rupture of intracranial aneurysm were systematically reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Pubmed and MEDLINE databases. RESULTS: Younger age (odds ratio (OR): 0.957, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.920-0.995, p=0.028), presence of a daughter sac (OR: 3.209, 95% CI: 1.095-9.408, p=0.034), and ever-smoking (OR: 0.357, 95% CI: 0.137-0.930, p=0.035) were significant predictors of increased risk of rupture in patients with AcomA aneurysms. Several aneurysm- and patient-related risk factors for rupture of intracranial aneurysms were retrieved via the literature analysis. CONCLUSION: Younger age, ever-smoking, and presence of a daughter sac increased the risk of AcomA aneurysm rupture. A systematic literature review revealed several more aneurysm- and patient-related risk factors for rupture of the intracranial aneurysms. Our results could aid neurosurgeons during their decision-making process when treating patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms.We send our condolences for the loss of Juha Hernesniemi, who opened the doors of intracranial vascular neurosurgery, treated many patients and trained many neurosurgeons. He has become a legendary vascular neurosurgeon and idol for many of us. We dedicated this manuscript to his memory
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foreign trade in the European Union and candidate countries
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İktisat Ana Bilim DalıGelişen ve değişen dünya ile ülkeler arasındaki sınırların giderek azaldığı, teknolojinin gelişmesiyle iletişim ve ticaretin arttığı çok boyutlu bir dönüşüm sürecini ifade eden küreselleşme, Avrupa'da ekonomik entegrasyonu ve üye ülkeler arasındaki bütünleşmeyi şekillendiren bir olgu hâline gelmiştir. Avrupa Birliği (AB), küreselleşmenin yarattığı fırsatları değerlendirerek ve olumsuz etkilerini azaltarak küreselleşmenin etkinliğini artırmayı ve stratejik bir şekilde yönetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, AB iç pazarı, küreselleşmenin getirdiği fırsatların somut bir örneğidir. İç pazar, kişilerin, malların, hizmetlerin ve sermayenin AB üyesi ülkeler arasında serbest dolaşımını sağlamakta ve serbest ticareti teşvik eden bir ekonomik alan oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, AB sadece kendi sınırları içinde değil, dünya genelinde de önemli bir ticaret ortağıdır ve toplamda 80 ülkenin en büyük ticaret ortağı konumundadır. Dünya nüfusunun sadece %6,9'unu oluşturmasına rağmen, AB, küresel ticaretin yaklaşık %15,6'sını gerçekleştirmektedir. Bu çarpıcı oranlar, AB'nin küresel ticaretteki etkin konumunu vurgulamaktadır; zira AB, Çin ve ABD ile dünyanın en büyük üç ticaret gücünden biridir. Çalışmada, AB'nin salgından önce ve salgından sonraki genel ekonomik durumu, temel makroekonomik veriler üzerinde yarattığı etkiler incelenmiş ve birlik düzeyinde alınan önlemlere yer verilmiştir. Aynı zamanda 2020 Mart-2023 Mayıs dönemleri arasında AB üye ve aday ülkelerinde Covid-19 pandemisinin dış ticaret üzerindeki etkisi panel veri yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda Covid-19 vaka sayısı ve Covid-19 nedeniyle hayatını kaybedenlerin sayısındaki artışın dış ticaret hacmini artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İlave olarak, her bir modelde, sanayi üretim endeksi ve enflasyon oranı değişkenleri kontrol değişkenleri olarak eklenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, kurulan altı modelde de sanayi üretim endeksi ve enflasyon artışlarının ithalat, ihracat ve dış ticaret hacmi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Globalization, which represents a multifaceted transformation process where the borders between countries are increasingly diminishing with the developing and changing world, and communication and trade are increasing with the advancement of technology, has become a phenomenon shaping economic integration and unification among member countries in Europe. The European Union (EU) aims to enhance the effectiveness of globalization and manage it strategically by taking advantage of the opportunities created by globalization and mitigating its negative effects. In this context, the EU internal market is a concrete example of the opportunities brought by globalization. The internal market ensures the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital among EU member countries, creating an economic area that promotes free trade. Additionally, the EU is not only a significant trade partner within its own borders but also globally, being the largest trade partner for a total of 80 countries. Despite constituting only 6.9% of the world population, the EU accounts for approximately 15.6% of global trade. These striking figures highlight the EU's prominent position in global trade, as the EU, along with China and the USA, is one of the three largest trading powers in the world. The study examines the general economic situation of the EU before and after the pandemic, the effects on key macroeconomic indicators, and the measures taken at the union level. Additionally, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on foreign trade in EU member and candidate countries between March 2020 and May 2023 is analyzed using panel data methodology. The analysis results show that the increase in the number of Covid-19 cases and the number of deaths due to Covid-19 has led to an increase in foreign trade volume. Additionally, in each model, the industrial production index and inflation rate variables were included as control variables. In this context, it was found that in all six models, increases in the industrial production index and inflation had a statistically significant and positive effect on imports, exports, and trade volume
Clinical and histopathological evaluation of the effects of clear fluid diet procedure on intraoral wound healing
No full textDiş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Periodontoloji Ana Bilim DalıGiriş: İntraoral yara iyileşmesi diş hekimliğinde, özellikle de periodontoloji ve çene cerrahisi branşları için yüksek önem taşıyan bir olaydır. Mukogingival deformitelerin tedavilerinde yumuşak doku ogmentasyonları için serbest dişeti grefti ve bağ dokusu grefti sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Otojen yumuşak doku grefti alınması sonucu verici sahada geniş bir sekonder yara bölgesi oluşmaktadır. Bu geniş yara bölgesi hem hastalarda konforsuzluğa hem de cerrahi komplikasyonlara yol açabilmektedir. Yara iyileşmesini geliştirmek, hasta konforunu artırmak ve morbiditeyi en aza indirmek için farklı teknikler uygulanmaktadır. Beslenme, yara iyileşmesi ile birebir ilişkisi olan bireyin metabolik aktiviteleri için esastır. Oral cerrahiler sonrası dönemde yarayı korumak için beslenme kısıtlamaları sıklıkla uygulanmaktadır. Berrak sıvı diyet (BSD); çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı oral katı gıda tüketiminin uygun olmadığı durumlarda oral yolla beslenmenin başlaması veya devam edebilmesi için başvurulan bir beslenme protokolüdür. Literatürde BSD protokolünün intraoral yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkilerinin incelendiği herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı, intraoral yara iyileşmesi üzerinde berrak sıvı diyet protokolünün etkilerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 48 adet Albino Wistar sıçan; Berrak Sıvı Test (BST), Normal Test (NT), Berrak Sıvı Kontrol (BSK) ve Normal Kontrol (NK) olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Test gruplarında 3. 7. ve 14. gün takip periyotlarının her birinde altışar sıçan olmak üzere toplam n=18, kontrol gruplarında ise sadece 14. gün takip periyodu için n=6 olarak belirlenmiştir. Test gruplarındaki sıçanların palatinal mukozasında 4 mm çaplı eksizyonel yara oluşturulmuştur. İyileşme döneminde BST ve BSK grupları tüm takip periyodu boyunca BSD ile beslenmiştir. NT ve NK grupları ise standart rodent pellet yemle beslenmiştir. Sıçanların iyileşme dönemi boyunca günlük vücut ağırlıkları kaydedilmiştir. 3. 7. ve 14. günlerde test gruplarının her birinden altı, 14. günde kontrol gruplarının her birinden altı sıçan sakrifiye edilmiştir. Sakrifiye edilen hayvanlarda maksilla diseksiyonu yapılarak yara bölgesini içeren dokular ayrılmıştır. Bu dokularda standart büyütme ile yara fotoğrafları çekilmiş bu fotoğraflar üzerinden yara boyutları ve yara yüzey alanı ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra yara dokularında histopatolojik yara iyileşme parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. İmmunohistokimyasal analizlerde CK14 ve CD34 ekspresyonları yönünden gruplar karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Takip periyodunda berrak sıvı ile beslenen gruplarda, cerrahi işlem geçirilmesinden bağımsız olarak, belirgin bir ağırlık kaybı olduğu görülmüş ve iki grup arasındaki bu farkların 3. günden sonra gittikçe belirginleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Yara fotoğrafları üzerinde yapılan milimetrik yara boyutları ölçümlerinde BST grubunda daha hızlı küçülme trendi olduğu fakat iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Histopatolojik incelemelerde reepitelizasyon açısından BST grubu, neokapillarizasyon yönünden NT grubu daha başarılı bulunmuştur. İmmunohistokimyasal analizlerde CK14 ekspresyonu BST grubunda daha yüksek ölçülmüştür ve bu fark 14. günde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeye ulaşmıştır. CD34 ekspresyonu, BST grubu değerleri diğer gruplara göre 3. günde anlamlı derecede daha yüksekken 14. güne gelindiğinde NT grubunda diğer gruplara göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek CD34 ekspresyonu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: BSD protokolü; intraoral yara iyileşme sürecinde erken dönemde normal katı beslenmeye göre daha başarılıdır. Uzun süre uygulandığında bireyde malnütrisyona ve kilo kaybına yol açabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, BSD'nin intraoral yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirildiği ilk çalışma olarak benzer laboratuvar ve klinik çalışmalara öncülük teşkil edebilir. Sonuçların klinik pratiğe taşınabilmesi için klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Berrak sıvı diyet, intraoral yara iyileşmesi, serbest dişeti grefti, SDG, bağ dokusu grefti, BDG, mukogingival cerrahi, palatal verici saha, otojen yumuşak doku grefti.Introduction: Intraoral wound healing is a crucial phenomenon in dentistry, particularly in the fields of periodontology and maxillofacial surgery. Soft tissue augmentations using free gingival grafts and connective tissue grafts are commonly preferred in the treatment of mucogingival deformities. However, harvesting autogenous soft tissue grafts results in a broad secondary wound area in the donor site, leading to discomfort and surgical complications for patients. Various techniques are employed to enhance wound healing, improve patient comfort, and minimize morbidity. Nutrition plays a vital role in the metabolic activities of individuals, directly influencing wound healing. Post-operative healing periods following oral surgeries often involve dietary restrictions to preserve the wound. Clear fluid diet (CFD) is a nutritional protocol used to initiate or continue oral feeding when solid food consumption is not suitable for various reasons. There is a lack of studies in the literature investigating the effects of CFD protocol on intraoral wound healing. The aim of our study is to compare the effects of clear fluid diet protocol on intraoral wound healing. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Clear Fluid Test (CFT), Normal Test (NT), Clear Fluid Control (CFC), and Normal Control (NC). In each of the test groups, six rats each were assigned for the 3rd, 7th, and 14th-day follow-up periods (total n=18), while in the control groups, only 6 rats were designated for the 14th-day follow-up period. Excisional wounds of 4 mm diameter were created in the palatal mucosa of rats in the test groups. During the healing period, CFT and CFC groups were fed with CFD throughout the follow-up period, while NT and NC groups were fed with standard rodent pellet feed. Daily body weights of rats were recorded throughout the healing period. On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days, six rats from each test group and six rats from each control group were sacrificed. Maxillary dissection was performed on sacrificed animals to separate tissues containing the wound region. Wound areas are photographed under standard magnification. Wound dimensions and wound surface area were measured from these photographs. Subsequently, histopathological parameters of wound healing were evaluated. Comparative analysis of CK14 and CD34 expressions was conducted through immunohistochemical analyses. Results: In the follow-up period, significant weight loss was observed in groups fed with clear fluids, independent of surgical procedures, and these differences became more pronounced after the 3rd day. Measurements of millimetric wound dimensions on wound photographs showed a faster reduction trend in the CFT group, although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Histopathological examinations revealed that the CFT group was more successful in terms of reepithelialization, while the NT group showed greater success in neovascularization. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated higher CK14 expression in the CFT group, reaching statistical significance on the 14th day. CD34 expression was significantly higher in the CFT group on the 3rd day but became more intense in the NT group compared to other groups on the 14th day. Conclusion: The CFD protocol is more successful than a normal solid diet in the early stages of intraoral wound healing. Prolonged application may lead to malnutrition and weight loss in individuals. This study serves as the first investigation into the effects of CFD on intraoral wound healing, paving the way for similar laboratory and clinical studies. Clinical trials are needed to translate the results into clinical practice. Keywords: Clear fluid diet, intraoral wound healing, free gingival graft, FGG, connective tissue graft, CTG, mucogingival surgery, palatal donor site, autogenous soft tissue graft
INFLUENCES OF OAK UTILIZATION ON THE MEDIUM DENSITY FIBERBOARD PROPERTIES
No full textSoftwoods are the basic and traditional raw materials for medium -density fiberboard production. However, sustainable consumption of wood material in the production of wood -based products requires material variety. Therefore, the usability of hardwood species in the production and its effects on the board properties should be of interest. Considering this, the influence of oak utilization percentages (30 %, 50 %, 70 %, and 100 %) on the physical (density, thickness swelling -TS 2 and 24 h) and mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding, screw holding resistance, and Janka hardness) properties of medium density fiberboard was evaluated in this study. Boards were factory -made instead of laboratory -made using Quercus petraea (oak), Fagus orientalis (beech), and Pinus sylvester (Scots pine) fibers. According to the results, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and Janka hardness values were increased when medium -density fiberboard was produced using only oak fiber. On the contrary, thickness swelling, screwholding resistance, and internal bonding properties were decreased
The evolution of the state: Transformative impact of technology from beginning to digital age
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Ana Bilim DalıYüzyıllardır devlet kavramı ve onun evrimsel dönüşümü siyaset biliminin en popüler konuları olmuştur. Zira devlet, uzun tarihsel süreçte kendisini rasyonel bir şekilde farklı biçimlerde örgütleyebilmesinden ötürü dinamik bir olgudur. Bu bağlamda literatürde farklı devlet tanımlamaları, teorik yaklaşımlar ve bunlara dair evrimsel analizler değişkenlik gösterir. İşte bu noktada sorunsallaştırma başlar. Sorunsalın bir tarafında, devletin evrimini bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ve nispeten daha kapsamlı bir şekilde çözümleyebilmeyi sağlayacak bir ana unsur (teknoloji) temelinde ve bunun sosyal, ekonomik, askeri ve siyasal yapılarla ilişkili unsurlarla etkileşimi çerçevesinde siyaset felsefesi geliştirilmiştir. Öbür tarafında ise bu evrimsel sürecin başlangıcı; devlet teorisinin aynı zamanda siyaset teorisi olduğu bilincinden hareketle, modern devletin antik kökenine inerek, burada ortaya çıkan sistemli bir siyasal yönetsel anlayışın gelişimi ve evrimi izlenerek ve aynı zamanda devlet dönüşümü teknolojik perspektiften dönemden döneme sistematik bir şekilde açıklanarak kuramsal bir çerçeveye oturtulmaktadır. Bu kuramsal ve yöntemsel bakış açısına göre, devlet olgusu başlangıcından dijital çağa teknolojinin dönüştürücü etkisi bağlamında evrilen bir yapılanmadır. Daha somut bir ifadeyle, her dönemin belirleyici teknolojileri gerek yapısal unsurlarla etkileşime girerek birikimsel değişimler meydana getirmesi gerekse bu değişim ortamında siyaset teorilerinin filizlenmesine etkisi karşısında devletin çok boyutlu olarak dönüşebileceği bir alan açmaktadır. Devletin dönüşüm ihtiyacı ise değişen koşullar karşısında rasyonel bir gerekliliktir; lakin bu, varlığından ödün vermekten ziyade varoluşsal bir çaba biçiminde açığa çıkmaktadır.For centuries, the concept of the state and its evolutionary transformation have been the most popular subjects in political science. Because the state is a dynamic phenomenon since it has been able to organize itself rationally in different forms throughout the long historical process. In this context, different state definitions, theoretical approaches and their evolutionary analyzes vary in the literature. This is where problematization begins. On one side of the problem, political philosophy has been developed on the basis of a main element (technology) and its interaction with elements related to social, economic, military and political structures, which will enable the evolution of the state to be analyzed with a holistic approach and in a relatively more comprehensive manner. On the other side, the beginning of this evolutionary process; Based on the awareness that state theory is also political theory, it is placed in a theoretical framework by going back to the ancient origins of the modern state, following the development and evolution of a systematic political administrative understanding that emerged here, and at the same time, explaining state transformation systematically from period to period from technological perspective. According to this theoretical and methodological perspective, the state phenomenon is a structure that has evolved from its beginnings to the digital age in the context of the transformative effect of technology. To put it more concretely, the determinant technologies of each period open up an area in which the state can transform in a multidimensional way, both by interacting with structural elements and creating cumulative changes, and by affecting the sprouting of political theories in this environment of change. The need for transformation of the state is a rational necessity in the face of changing conditions; however, this is revealed as an existential endeavor rather than a compromise of its existence
Evaluation of Burn Wound Healing Efficacy and Biocompatibility of Centella asiatica Mediated Synthesised AgNPs Loaded Hybrid Nanofiber Scaffold: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
No full textThe aim of this study is to evaluate the cell responses, potential skin reactions during the treatment process and burn wound healing efficacy of electrospun polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide (PCL/PEO) nanofibers (NFs) containing Centella asiatica mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles (CA-AgNPs) by in vitro and in vivo studies. Apoptosis-necrosis, genotoxicity, hemolysis, and cell attachment studies are carried out within the scope of in vitro tests, and irritation, sensitivity, and burn wound studies are carried out within the scope of in vivo tests. The apoptotic index value of CA-AgNPs-[PCL/PEO] NFs material on L929 fibroblast cells is determined as 5.0 +/- 1.0% at the highest concentration and the necrotic index value is 5.0 +/- 0.3%. Micronucleus rates (%) of NFs treated with CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells are not at genotoxic level. The hemolytic index value of NFs dressing is determined as 0.23 +/- 0.03%, The primary irritation index (PII) value of NFs wound dressing is calculated as 0.36 by irritation tests. In addition, the potential sensitization reaction of NFs extract on guinea pigs is evaluated and the sensitization score is determined as 0.9. The healing efficacy of NFs material on second-degree burn wounds compared to a commercial product is supported by pathomorphological findings.Kimath;rimath;kkale University Scientific and Technological Researches Application and Research Center (KUBTUAM); Hacettepe UniversityThe authors were grateful to K & imath;r & imath;kkale University and K & imath;r & imath;kkale University Scientific and Technological Researches Application and Research Center (KUBTUAM) for their support. In addition, this study constitutes a part of Ogun Bozkaya's doctoral dissertation studies at Hacettepe University, Institute of Science, Bioengineering doctorate program. We would like to thank Hacettepe University for their support