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Experiences of Turkish nurses volunteering in the disaster zone following the 2023 Türkiye-Syria earthquake
No full textAimThe study aimed to determine the experiences of Turkish nurses who volunteered in the disaster zone following the 2023 T & uuml;rkiye-Syria earthquake.BackgroundThe earthquake devastated 11 cities in T & uuml;rkiye, which required a comprehensive humanitarian response. Despite the crucial role of nurses in crisis management, limited research exists on their experiences in earthquake zones.IntroductionNurses experience difficulties in disaster areas, such as physical conditions, lack of disaster plans, and inadequate disaster training before being deployed to earthquake areas.MethodsThis study used a qualitative research model and case study design. Data were collected through in-depth qualitative interviews. Nine participants who had worked in earthquake zones for at least 5 days were included in the study. The discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically. The purposive sampling method was used, and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were followed.ResultsAs a result, 4 themes, namely physical conditions, psychosocial conditions, professional conditions, and organization, and their 14 subthemes were determined. This study revealed that nurses encountered difficulties related to physical conditions in earthquake zones. Moreover, the emotional burden expressed by the nurses highlighted the profound psychological impact of disaster response.ConclusionThis study determines that disaster preparedness and support for nurses should be enhanced to improve the arrangement of health services in future calamities.Implications for nursing policyThe results of this study can be used by nurse managers and healthcare policymakers to create nursing training programs that focus on disaster-related competencies.Gazi UniversityWe thank all the nurses who participated in this research. The authors would like to thank Gazi University Academic Writing Application and Research Center for proofreading the article
TÜRKİYE’DE KADINA YÖNELİK AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDETLE MÜCADELEDE KADIN ODAKLI POLİTİKALARA AİLE ODAKLI İTİRAZLAR ve İSTANBUL SÖZLEŞMESİ ÖRNEĞİNDE DİNİN ROLÜ
No full textDomestic violence against women is considered a severe violation of human rights in countries where human rights are recognized as norms, and policies aimed at preventing this violence, protecting and rehabilitating victims of violence are implemented. In Türkiye, since the “Say No to Violence!” campaign initiated by women’s organizations in 1987, domestic violence against women has been addressed as a significant issue, and necessary regulations have started to be made. These regulations are based on the principle of empowering and raising awareness among women in various ways, achieving equal status with men to prevent exposure to violence, while also aiming to protect women from violent environments. When it comes to domestic violence, the family can be seen as an institution that women may need to distance themselves from and be cautious of. These regulations, which consider women as “individuals,” cause discomfort to some circles in our country, leading them to perceive the empowerment of women and their equalization with men as a threat to family unity and to struggle against it. This segment, which looks at every issue related to women as if women do not have an identity outside the family and should not have one, opposes policies focused on “women/individuals” and regulations made for protecting women from violence in the name of “family,” campaigns against them, and sometimes succeeds, as in the case of the termination of the Istanbul Convention. It is observed that family-oriented groups also receive significant support from religious and traditional values in their struggles. Although it is clear that the Convention has a secular, feminist framework, the claims that it aims to break up the family, desexualize the next generation, and popularize homosexuality have been evaluated by us as “extreme interpretations” as conceptualized by Umberto Eco, that cannot be removed from the text.Kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet insan haklarının norm olarak kabul edildiği ülkelerde ağır bir insan hakkı ihlali olarak görülmekte ve bu şiddeti engellemeye, şiddet mağdurlarını korumaya ve rehabilite etmeye dayalı politikalar yürürlüğe konulmaktadır. Ülkemizde de 1987 yılında kadın örgütleri tarafından başlatılan “Dayağa Hayır!” kampanyasından itibaren kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet önemli bir sorun olarak ele alınmaya ve gerekli düzenlemeler yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu düzenlemeler, bir yandan kadınların çeşitli yollarla güçlendirilmesi, bilinçlendirilmesi ve erkeklerle eşit bir statüye kavuşturularak şiddete maruziyetinin önlenmesi esasına dayanırken, bir yandan da kadınları şiddet ortamlarından koruma amacını gütmektedir. Aile içi şiddet söz konusu olduğunda aile de kadın için uzaklaşılması, sakınılması gereken bir kurum olabilmektedir. Kadını “birey” olarak ele alan bu düzenlemeler, ülkemizdeki kimi çevrelere rahatsızlık vermekte, kadınların güçlenerek erkeklerle eşit hâle gelmesini aile birliğine karşı bir tehdit olarak algılamalarına ve buna karşı mücadele etmelerine sebep olmaktadır. Kadınla ilgili her meseleye sanki kadının aile dışında bir kimliği yokmuş ve olmaması gerekiyormuş gibi bakan bu kesim “kadın/birey” odaklı politikalara, kadının şiddetten korunabilmesi için yapılan düzenlemelere aileyi koruma adına karşı çıkmakta, kampanyalar yürütmekte, en son İstanbul Sözleşmesinin feshedilmesi meselesinde olduğu gibi kimi zaman başarılı da olmaktadırlar. Bu grupların mücadelelerinde dini ve geleneksel değerlerin bir itiraz unsuru olarak ileri sürüldüğü izlenmektedir. Sözleşmenin seküler, feminist bir çerçeveye sahip olduğu açık olmakla birlikte, aileyi dağıtmayı, gelecek nesli cinsiyetsizleştirmeyi, eşcinselliği yaygınlaştırmayı hedeflediği şeklindeki iddialar tarafımızdan metinden çıkarılması mümkün olmayan, Umberto Eco’nun kavramsallaştırmasıyla birer “aşırı yorum” olarak değerlendirilmiştir
The MEREC-AROMAN method for determining sustainable competitiveness levels: A case study for Turkey
No full textSustainable competitiveness represents a multifaceted phenomenon encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Macro-level competitiveness strategies are formulated based on the diverse capitals possessed by individual countries, thereby giving rise to variations in the sustainable competitiveness strategies of each country. This research introduces a novel hybrid method called the method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC)-alternative ranking order method accounting for two-step normalization (AROMAN) for determining sustainable competitiveness levels. This study aims to assess Turkey's sustainable competitiveness position vis -`a-vis its border neighbors. Natural capital, resource efficiency and intensity, social capital, intellectual capital and innovation, economic sustainability, and governance efficiency are the Global Sustainable Competitiveness Index (GSCI) indicators. The GSCI indicators are employed as criteria for determining the sustainable competitiveness scores of countries. The findings show that the resource efficiency and intensity criterion has the highest level of significance. The sustainable competitiveness level of Turkey to its neighboring countries is elucidated based on the results. Recommendations are formulated for the development of strategies aimed at determining Turkey's position in the race for sustainable competitiveness. The introduced MEREC-AROMAN can be utilized to provide rules of thumb for other countries to improve their sustainable competitiveness. This research offers decision support for the formulation of countries' sustainable competitiveness strategies and policies, fostering awareness in the planning and establishment of regional collaborations among nations
Development and characterization of orodispersible films containing amlodipine besylate and rosuvastatin calcium based on electrospun fibers
No full textAmlodipine besylate (AML) and rosuvastatin calcium (ROS) are commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coroner artery disease. Orodispersible films (ODFs) have received considerable attention in pharmaceutical development studies as they significantly improve patient compliance. The aim of this study was to develop an ODF formulation containing AML and ROS simultaneously as an electrospun fiber fixed dose preparation. Polymer solutions were evaluated for surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity properties. Preformulation studies were conducted to optimize the electrospinning process. Two different formulations, designated ODF-1 and ODF-2 were the focus of this study. Fiber characterization studies, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mechanical properties were performed to assess these two formulations. Furthermore, ODF characterizations, such as disintegration and wetting time, homogeneity of contents, and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out. All formulations exhibited suitable mechanical properties, facilitating easy storage and handling. ODF characterizations revealed rapid disintegration and wetting times for all formulations with over 90 % dissolution in 5 min for both AML and ROS. The overall evaluation of all experiments suggests that ODF-1 may more desirable mechanical properties and a more stable dissolution profile compared to ODF-2. Furthermore, individual ODFs loaded with AML or ROS (AML-ODF-1 and ROS-ODF-1) were prepared by ODF-1 preparation method and then characterized to compare the results with fixed dose ODF results. In conclusion, a promising formulation strategy has been developed to obtain an electrospun fiber ODF formulation containing AML and ROS that is reproducible and suitable for industrial production
Turkish Version of the Psychological Responses to Grief Before Loss of Health Scale
No full textThis study aimed to assess the Turkish validity and reliability of the original Spanish version of the Psychological Responses to Grief before Loss of Health Scale (RPD-PDS-38). The research sample consisted of 538 women who were diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancers, volunteered, and had no communication problems. The scale was determined to consist of 30 items with 6 factors, explaining 63.9% of the total variance. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses established that the 30-item Turkish version yielded six interpretable factors (Faith and Hope, Acceptance, Anger, Negotiation, Depression, and Denial). While this is the same as the original version of the scale in the number of factors (six factors), it differs from the original version in that the original scale has 38 items and explains 46.46% of the total variance. Assessment is carried out based on the scores received from the sub-dimensions. The higher the scores received from the sub-dimensions, the more often individuals experienced a stage of grief. The scale was determined to be a reliable measuring instrument. The study suggests that the Turkish version of the RPD-PDS-30 scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing psychological responses to grief before the loss of health in patients diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancers in Turkey
Views of senior nursing students on the concept of old age: a metaphor study
No full textMetaphors are part of everyday language as they help us to communicate effectively and allow us to reveal meaning to concepts. Older adults have been described using metaphors like 'Tsunami' in western countries. However, it is unknow which metaphors are used to describe older adults in Turkey. The aim of this study was to reveal the perceptions of the concept of aging among fourth year nursing students through metaphors. This study employed phenomenology, which is a qualitative research design. All fourth-year nursing students in the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a Turkish university constituted the study population. The study was completed with the participation of 60 students. The data were collected in May-June 2022. To reveal the metaphors that each nursing student considered representative for the concept of 'aging,' they were asked to complete the following sentence: 'Aging is like & mldr; because & mldr; .' In qualitative research, metaphors can help simplify complex and/or multidimensional concepts through connecting one familiar concept to another familiar one, resulting in the comparison between the two concepts opening up new possibilities and perspectives. Metaphors provide structure to data and aid understanding of a familiar process in a new light. The metaphors and their justifications, written by students in their own handwriting, were used as the main data source in this study. Students completed the questionnaire in one session. The completion of the form took approximately 20 minutes. The mean age of the students was 22.5 +/- 1.4 years, and 78.3% of them were female. In analyzing the data, a content analysis approach comprising coding, the identification of themes, and grouping of data according to codes and themes was used. The metaphors produced by the students were categorized as 'positive' and 'negative.' In the positive category, there were 10 metaphors formed by 43 (71.7%) nursing students. Fourteen metaphors by 17 (28.3%) nursing students were identified in the negative category. The most commonly used metaphors were found to be 'tree,' 'flower,' 'kid,' and 'book.' It was observed that the students perceived the concept of old age as a process that helped individuals gain knowledge and experience and a guiding process. In order to increase and maintain a positive attitude toward the older people, it can be recommended to include more topics and practices related to old age.We would like to thank the participants for their time and cooperation
Vergi Suçlarının İçtima Hükümleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
No full textSuçların içtima, bir kimsenin birden fazla suç işlemesi durumunda ceza sorumluluğunun nasıl tayin edileceği sorunu ile ilgili bir konudur. Suçun özel görünüş şekillerinden biri olan içtima öğreti- sinin, 213 Sayılı Vergi Usul Kanunu’nda düzenlenen suçlar bağlamında incelenmesi bu çalışmanın ko- nusunu oluşturmaktadır. Vergi suçlarının içtimaına ilişkin yapılacak değerlendirmeler; VUK’taki özel hükümler, Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun suçların içtima- ına yönelik genel esasları çerçevesinde yapıla- caktır. Çalışma kapsamında 29.04.2021 tarihli 7318 sayılı Kanun, 30.11.2022 tarihli 7423 sayılı Kanun ve 8.04.2022 tarihli 7394 sayılı Kanun ile VUK’ta yapılan değişiklikler vergi suçlarının içtiması kap - samında incelenecektir. Bununla birlikte çalışma- da vergi suç ve kabahatlerinin içtiması, Kabahatler Kanunu ve AİHS ek 7 nolu Protokol’ün 4. Madde- sinde düzenlenen non bis in idem ilkesi bağlamın- da ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı, multidisipli- ner bir yaklaşımla vergi suçlarının içtima ilişkisini tüm yönleri ile ortaya koymaktır
The development of a scale for procrastination in worship and the analysis of relationship between procrastination in worship, religious attitudes, and overall procrastination of individuals between the ages of 18-65
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amaçlarından biri, yetişkinler için Türkiye'nin dinî kültürel yapısına uygun bir ibadet erteleme ölçeği geliştirmektir. İbadet erteleme, dinî tutum ve genel ertelemenin hem birbirleriyle hem de çeşitli demografik değişkenlerle ilişkisinin incelenmesi de araştırmanın ikinci amacını oluşturmaktadır. İbadet erteleme davranışı konusunda geliştirilen ölçeğin, din psikolojisinin önemli konularından olan dinî davranışların incelenmesine önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir. Ayrıca bu ölçek kullanılarak bireylerin ibadet ertelemeleri ile farklı birçok tutum ve davranışın incelenmesi de mümkün olacaktır. Çalışmada tarama modelleri arasında yer alan ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçek geliştirme aşamasında öncelikle konuyla ilgili literatür taranmış ve 15 kişiyle derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bu verilerle bir kavram havuzu oluşturulmuş; kavram havuzundan yararlanılarak 49 maddelik taslak ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Taslak ölçeğin kapsam geçerliliğini; yazım ve ölçme açısından uygunluğunu değerlendirmeleri için çeşitli uzmanların görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Uzman görüşleri çerçevesinde; 19 madde ölçekten çıkarılmış, 4 madde ölçeğe eklenmiş, ölçme değerlendirme, imla ve dilbilgisi açısından bazı maddeler revize edilmiştir. Bu işlemler sonucunda 34 maddeye düşen ölçek, evreni yansıtacak küçük bir örneklem grubuna anlaşılabilirlik ve doldurma süresinin tespiti amacıyla uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin örneklem grubuna uygulanmasından önce Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Etik Kuruluna başvurularak onay alınmıştır. İlk uygulama 24.04.2023 ile 11.05.2023 arasında gerçekleştirilmiş ve ölçeği farklı demografik özelliklere sahip 400 kişinin uygun şekilde doldurduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler üzerinde Jamovi programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayırt edicilik değeri 0,40 olarak belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda istenen ayırt ediciliğe sahip olmayan, birden fazla faktöre yakın oranda yük veren veya bir faktörün altında tek kalan maddeler çıkarılmıştır. Böylece 2 faktörlü 14 maddeden oluşan bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Bu iki faktörün, toplam varyansın %52,6'sını açıkladığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Daha sonra ölçek; doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için aynı evrenden alınan farklı bir örnekleme tekrar uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulamada geçerli kabul edilen 399 ölçek üzerinden yapılan analizlerde verilerin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için uygun olduğu görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden elde edilen sonuçlar, açımlayıcı faktör analizinin bulgularını desteklemiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden sonra gerçekleştirilen güvenirlik analizinde ölçeğin Cronbach's alfa değerinin 0,902 olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak mazeret bulma (8 madde) ve umursamama (6 madde) adı verilen iki boyuta sahip, geçerli, güvenilir ve kuramsal temeli güçlü bir ibadet erteleme ölçeği elde edilmiştir. Ölçek geliştirme tamamlandıktan sonra ibadet erteleme ile dinî tutum ve genel erteleme ilişkisine bakılmıştır. Bu amaçla, elde edilen veriler SPSS 23,0 paket programıyla incelenmiş ve araştırmacı tarafından yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre ibadet erteleme ile genel erteleme arasında pozitif, dinî tutum arasında negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Genel ertelemede bekârların evlilerden, 18-24 yaş arasındakilerin diğer yaş aralığındakilerden, kamu çalışanlarının öğrencilerden daha yüksek ortalamalara sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Alt boyutlar açısından; dinî tutumun biliş alt boyutunda kadınların erkeklerden, genel ertelemenin zamanı etkin kullanma alt boyutunda kadınların erkeklerden, ibadet ertelemenin umursamama alt boyutunda büyükşehirde yaşayanların ilçe ve köyde yaşayanlardan daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.One of the aims of this study is to develop a scale of procrastination in worship for adults that is suitable to Turkey's religious and cultural structure. The second aim of the research is to analyze the relationship between procrastination in worship, religious attitude and overall procrastination, both with various demographic variables and with each other. It is envisaged that the scale developed for procrastination in worship behaviour will make a significant contribution to the analysis of religious behaviour, which is one of the crucial subjects of the psychology of religion. In addition, it will be possible to analyse individuals' procrastination in worship and many different attitudes and behaviours by using this scale. The relational scanning method, a scanning model, was used in the study. At the scale development stage, firstly the literature review was made and an in-depth review was conducted with 15 persons. A pool of concepts was created with the data obtained, and a 49-item draft scale was developed using it. Different experts were consulted to ensure the draft scale's content validity and writing and measurement suitability. Expert opinions resulted in the exclusion of 19 items from the scale, the addition of four items to the scale, and the revision of some items for measurement and evaluation, punctuation, and grammar mistakes. The scale was narrowed down to 34 items after these steps and was conducted with a small sample group reflecting the research universe to test its understandability and identify completion time. Before applying the scale to the sample group, permission of the Kırıkkale University, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Ethics Committee was taken through application. The first practice was made between 24.04.2023 and 11.05.2023, and it was identified that 400 persons with different demographic characteristics properly filled out the scale. The findings were analysed with the Jamovi programme. The value of distinctiveness was identified at the 0.40 level. As a result of the analyses, items that did not show the desired level of distinctiveness, whose factor loading was close to more than one factor, or that were the only ones below a factor were removed. The result was a 14-item scale with two factors. It was revealed that these two factors explained 52.6% of the total variance. Then, the scale was re-conducted with a different sample group out of the same universe for confirmatory factor analysis. In the analyses made on 399 scales accepted as valid in this practice, it was seen that the data were suitable for confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the findings of the exploratory factor analysis. In the reliability analysis performed after the confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was found to be 0.902. The final scale of procrastination in worship with two dimensions, namely the making excuse (8 items) and the negligence (6 items), is valid and reliable and has a strong theoretical background. After the scale development was completed, the relationship between procrastination in worship, religious attitude, and overall procrastination was analysed. For this purpose, the data were analysed through the SPSS 23.0 package program and interpreted by the researcher. According to the results of the analysis, a positive relationship was found between procrastination in worship and overall procrastination and a negative relationship between procrastination in worship and religious attitudes. It has been revealed that single individuals have higher averages than married ones, 18 to 24-year-olds than other age groups, and civil servants than students in terms of overall procrastination. Considering sub-dimensions, it has been determined that women have higher averages than men in the cognition sub-dimension of religious attitude, women have higher averages than men in the effective use of time sub-dimension of overall procrastination, and those living in metropolises have higher averages than those living in districts and villages in the negligence sub-dimension of procrastination in worship
The Utilization of Emergency Department and Outpatient Clinics among Evacuated Victims after the 2023 Turkey Earthquake
No full textBackground: After the 2023 Turkey earthquake, thousands of people evacuated to different fields. Earthquake victims still need health care in the evacuation location. This study aims to determine the emergency department (ED) and outpatient clinic utilization characteristics of the evacuated earthquake victims outside the earthquake zone and to provide suggestions for planning the health care facilities in the regions where the evacuated earthquake victims will be placed.Methods: This retrospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital from February 7, 2023 through February 20, 2023. All evacuated earthquake victims who presented to the study hospital were included in the study. Non-victim patients were included as the control group. Missing medical records were excluded. Demographic characteristics of the patients, outpatient clinics, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10th Revision (ICD-10) codes, and outcomes were recorded.Results: A total of 15,128 patients were included in the final analysis. Six-hundred-nine (4.0%) of the patients were evacuated victims. Three-hundred forty-six (56.8%) evacuated victims used the ED. One-hundred fifty-six (25.6%) earthquake victims were in the pediatric age group. Earthquake victims used the ED more than the control group in adult and pediatric age groups (22.5% versus 51.7% and 30.2% versus 71.8%; P <.001, respectively). Earthquake victims frequently presented to the hospital during night shifts in both age groups (P <.05). Pediatric victims were more hospitalized than the control group (4.8% versus 10.9%; P = .001). Diseases of the respiratory system were the most common emergency diagnosis of the victims in both age groups (26.5% and 57.1%, respectively). The most frequently used outpatient clinic was ophthalmology in both age groups (14.6% and 20.5%, respectively).Conclusions: Evacuated victims, especially pediatric victims, used the ED more than other outpatient clinics. Diseases of the respiratory system were the most common emergency diagnosis of the victims, and the most frequently preferred outpatient clinic was ophthalmology. The most common diseases and frequently preferred clinics should be considered in planning health care for the evacuated earthquake victims
The Role of Word Decoding Speed and Accuracy on Reading Comprehension in a Highly Transparent and Morphologically Complex Orthography
No full textThis research aimed to investigate the impact of word decoding speed and accuracy on reading comprehension in Turkish, which is characterized by a highly transparent and morphologically complex orthographic system. The study involved 160 students, half of whom were identified as poor readers, while the other half were classified as good readers. These participants were selected from the second and fourth grades of public elementary schools. The assessment process involved evaluating participants' isolated word decoding skills using a task that measured their ability to decode both real words and pseudowords. Additionally, reading fluency and comprehension were measured using grade-level appropriate reading texts. The analysis included a series of MANOVAs as well as a mediation model (Model 7) employing Haye's PROCESS macro for SPSS. The findings indicated that the poor readers' limited reading comprehension abilities were primarily attributed to their overall deficiency in word decoding fluency, with a particular emphasis on their inadequate phonological decoding skills. These results are significant as they shed light on the challenges that children with reading comprehension difficulties may face in transparent orthographic systems. The attainment of proficient reading comprehension in such languages appears to be influenced by the specific aspects of word decoding fluency