International Research Journal of Tamil
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Domestic Duties Are Virtuous
Get PDFIn this world, it is necessary for man to follow certain morals in order to live well. The moral texts were composed with different objectives in mind: to discipline the individual and to correct and regularise the disorders of society. Imagination and emotion are not prioritised in these scriptures. They were only guides to teach the ethics that make a man live as a man. These teach ethics necessary for individual and public life. People spoke about the work that people have to do that is useful to the society they live in and to this world. As a result, morality is regarded as a way of life rather than a policy, theory, or religious belief. When we read these books thoroughly, we can distinguish between virtue and non-virtue. We can realise that charity is not a personal thing and it is a daily duty that we do in harmony with life. It is known that these books mention that virtue is to love others, virtue to speak in words, virtue to be grateful, virtue to do good; virtue to refrain from anger, virtue to help those who do not have it, virtue to strive relentlessly on the right path, virtue to be modest, virtue to follow the morals of an individual, etc. Apart from talking about the morals to be followed by the individual, the scriptures deal with the morals and duties to be followed by a person who wants to engage in public life. In this way, this article examines the virtue of a man in fulfilling his daily duties in his life through the work 'Arungalacheppu' of Jain literature, which is tamilized from the Kannada language
Individual Morality in T. Janagraman's Novel 'Nalapagam'
Get PDFT. Janagraman is of the opinion that they are responsible for his life. In the novel ‘Nalapagam’ the individual morality is explained as social morality through the character of Kameshwaran in this review article with relevant external and internal evidence. Man does not need to be touched on many occasions even one occasion creates a chance for a man to make a mistake. An example of this is illustrated in the Guru's life of Kameshwaran with nikanta introspection. Kameswaran, who has had a lifelong experience, is illustrated with appropriate acknowledgments that in his life, Rangamani avoids the life of sexual perversion caused by society's contempt for being childless by the way. Kameswaran's life events are explained with psychological evidence. The creativity of T. Janagraman is illustrated with relevant evidence from the point of view of the reviewer
S. Ramakrishna's Sancharam Novel Discloses Defensive Strategies
Get PDFLiterature is related to human life. It records various events of human life. In this way, S. Ramakrishnan's Sancharam is a novel literature that aims to depict the life events of Nathswara artists who have black soil as their living environment. The Sahitya Academy award-winning novel 2018 explores various issues in the life of an artist. Through this article, we can learn about the value given by the society to the two Nathswara artists born and raised in the land of black soli and the life of Nathswara artists who lived in the early period. The story revolves around two central characters, Pakiri and Rathanam. In the course of their lives, these men think of various Nathswara artists who lived in the past. One of those scholars is Thananasi. He is a proficient in reciting nataswaram, he is shown to be blind. Growing up without his mother's warmth, he yearns for love. This anxiety creates depression. He engages in certain behaviors to reduce this risk. The purpose of this paper is to examine the behaviors of Thananasi and to uncover the psychological reasons for the behaviors. His behaviors have been studied in terms of defense strategies which are one of the psychological components. Coping and retrogression are two defense strategies that manifest in these behaviors that are highlighted in this review. These defense techniques are given as a result of the research to protect his mind
Ma.Po. Sivagnanam in the Sight of Vallalar
Get PDFLiterature is a document that reveals human life and history. It was created to guide and refine human minds and can be seen to stand the test of time. In this way, Mr Arudprakasa Vallavar, who incarnated in Tamil Nadu in the nineteenth century for the benefit of the human race, gave the devotional literature called 'Thiruvarutpa', which is an auspicious treasury, to the world for the benefit of the people. The social environment of his time formed the background for his spiritual ideas and revolutionary reform ideas. After alleviating the hunger of the people, he made it his chief virtue to feed them with spiritual thought. He knew that people get caught up in superstitions and waste time and money. He said that the Puranas and Satras believed by the people are false and not true. Vallalar hated to distinguish people by birth. He insisted that a society without caste and religion should flourish as caste and religion are the reason for the disparity between people. Vallalar realized that enmity and strife arose among the people as people worshipped and created various deities. Vallalar, who saw the Lord in the form of light, said that the Lord is one and He is Sothivadivin. He inculcated a sense of unity among the people by presenting the life-saving thought of Sivakarunyam. Vallalar is a worshipful and revolutionary reformer who is worshipped as the people's deity. In 1966, the book "Vallalar's Kanda orumaippadu" was written by Chilambuch Selvar, Dr M.B. Sivagnanam, to spread his sense of unity among the people, based on Vallalar's devotion to God and patriotism, received the Sahitya Akademi award in 1966. The Bhakti Norm, Sivakarunyam, Spiritual Integrity, Kolla Norm, and Anti-caste Religion of Vallalar are highlighted in this article and are thoroughly examined
Realism in the Poems of A.S.M. Muniandi
Get PDFLiterature is a life experience. Modern Tamil poetry inspires the thought of writing freely. Tamil poetry is broadly divided into two types: classical (i.e., Marabu Kavithai) and modern (i.e., Puthu Kavithai). Modern poetry has freed itself from the shackles of grammar. It has a wide range of songs. The definitions of poetry are new. He realised that poetry of experience, the poetry of longing, the poetry of longing, the poetry of anger, poetry of hope, the poetry of wisdom, and Tamil poetry will come, and he knows life and sings in Tamil. He has written a wonderful poem saying that God and poetry are one. He has created poetry, understanding that in modern times, there is more falsehood and less truth in man. The poet has established through his poems that realism is the aesthetic of modern times. In the poem, the poet's imagination can realize the promise of the candidate. He emphasises that those who want to make a career in life should first know themselves. Prayer is the highest, but that alone does not make a man live. He says, "Charity is needed and gives importance to actions with humanity." In his new poem, thinking of Buddha, he has created the life of people in Kaliyuga as it is. Through poetry, he criticises the people who live as uncivilised people because of the TV craze. While voicing support for religious harmony and world peace, it highlights the violence happening in the country. The aim of the article is to attempt to express the feelings and the community, which is emphasised in Muniandi's poems. The uniqueness of the poet is that he not only praises the height of love but also sings about the other side of love
An Overview of Musical Instruments in Temple Inscriptions and Sculptures
Get PDFTemple inscriptions and sculptures bear testimony to what the Tamil music tradition would have been like many years ago. Although music has not been given a special place in the history of inscriptions, many temples have images of musical instruments engraved in inscriptions and sculptures. During the reign of the king, the art of inscription and sculpture was developed. Music is an integral part of human life. Early man classified lands based on nature and associated music with divine worship. Temple inscriptions and sculptures record references to dance, song, musicians, and musical instruments. Inscriptions and sculptures are widely used to remind people of current events. There is an example for laymen and researchers to learn and understand the shapes of musical instruments. Texts such as Tamilar Music, Panchamarapu, and Tamilar Torkaruviyal give us references to many musical instruments. The shapes of the images can be seen in person in the inscriptions in the temple. Descriptions of music and musical instruments can be found in inscriptions and sculptures at Thillai Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, Ekambaranathar Temple, Kailasanathar Temple in Kanchipuram, Mamallapuram Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Nellaiappar Temple in Tirunelveli, Tarasuram Temple in Kumbakonam, Kudavarik Temple in Tirumeyyam in Pudukottai District, Arunachaleswarar Temple in Tiruvannamalai, Thiruvattaru
Adjectives in Mullaippattu’s Poetry
Get PDFMullailapattu is one of the sub-texts within the Tenth Path. Adjuncts are abundant throughout Mullailapattu. Adjectives are the development of Adjunct. These Adjuncts are seen as adjectives. Tolkappiyar mentions 100 adjectives in his vocabulary. 100 Adjectives mentioned by Tolkappiyar in Uriyal are found in Mullailapattu and the adjective pronouns are identified and how they support the Mullailapattu poeticization. Adjective Pronouns are adjectives that take the meaning of adjectives as pronouns. Also, this review article highlights that the adjectives, substitute adjectives, monosyllabic, subjunctives, etc. are found in the initials and they support the poeticization of the initials
The Life of the Working Class People in Andal Priyadarshini's Short Story
Get PDFIt can be seen from the development of literature that literature is an inseparable part of human life. Literature has reflected human life from time to time, and in that way, from the Sangam period to the present, literature is able to clearly understand the human way of life. Literature attests to the fact that human beings have been living a life in harmony with nature. Along with the change of times, literature has developed to the next level and has evolved into modern literature. Andal Priyadarshini's collection of short stories has recorded the daily life problems of the people of the lower class so that, despite the development of various technologies, the lives of the lower class people have not changed. Through this research, we can know that the condition of the people who live on the roadside without getting even a single meal, the people who suffer from untouchability, and the life of the poet has not changed the lifestyle of the basic people, but it is understood that some people have recited these short stories on rainy days after eating poetry and starving
Dravidian Ideology in the Poems of Bharathidasan
Get PDFThe progress of a country depends on the rationality of its people. Only rational people can stand against the superstitions that are ruining a country. Many writers and poets with such Dravidian ideology are promoting Dravidian ideology among the people by lashing the contradictory superstitions through their writings and speeches. They are struggling to break blind rituals, formalities, superstitions, and absurdities. They are inculcating beneficial ideas like Tamil language, anti-other language, women's education, women's rights, anti-child marriage, widow remarriage, abolition of untouchability. Among them, Pavendhar Bharathidasan's role was immeasurable. In this way, this article examines the Dravidian ideologies of Pavendhar Bharathidasan
‘Azhagoviyam’ by Singaporean Poet Pathental Murugadhasan - A Multifaceted Perspective
Get PDFPoetry composed by poets should help in creating a society with lofty ideas and goals that sow the best and most nutritious seeds in the minds of the readers and guide them well. The Singai poet, Paththenral Murugadossan, who attempted to compose poetry with such a lofty mind, was one of the foremost poets of Singai. His work ‘Azhakoviyam', a short poem that has been taken up as a subject of study here, incorporates an epic flavour and describes the status of the country. The author has created this short poem with patriotism as well as the dignity of domesticity with two eyes. In the sixties, there was a chaotic atmosphere in the history of Singhai. There was a great deal of popular hostility towards those countries because of the occupation of Singapore by different nationalities. Its impact was reflected in the literature of the day. One of the most notable pieces of literature is Alakoviyam. This article examines the history of Singai at that time, and the author reveals in this short epic that the Tamil people migrated in search of livelihood, considering Singai as their motherland and working hard for the development of the country. Moreover, the purpose of this article is to examine from a multifaceted perspective the genetic ideas, social ideas, ethical thoughts, and literary merits contained in this short poem