International Research Journal of Tamil
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Ecological Records in Tamil Classical Literature
Get PDFTholkappiyam is the best grammar book for Tamil literature. Such a grammar book is the norm for the way of life of tamils. The Sangam literature follows the traditions of the Tolkappian Thinai and all modern literary works are composed of new principles, principles and traditions of modern thought. In particular, the Sangam literature is integral to the life and antiquity of the Tamils. Moreover, most of the works are constructed in harmony with nature. To that extent, nature and ecology have remained its own personality in the Tamil context and literary spaces. Thus, by identifying the natural ecology records in the periodic literature, it becomes important to examine them because of the extent to which the natural ecology of earlier times gradually diminishes and provides an opportunity to find out the cause of ecological degradation in the present day
Islam and the History of Islamic Mythology
Get PDFIslam at the great times of the world; One. Islam is derived from the Arabic word 'silm'. In Tamil, it is written as 'Islam'. Islam promotes monotheism. Islam was a great religion with a large area. The word Islam means 'surrender to God'. It was instructed by The Prophet Muhammad Nabi, the last messenger of Islam, to express moral values among the society that lived barbarously in the Arab country as in other countries. The northern and central Arab peoples who lived with idolatry had nomadic ways of life. The regions of Mecca and Madinah differed from these and excelled with a rich system and economic income. There is a temple called the Kaaba in Makkah. Those who work as priests in this temple belong to the Qureshi community. Prophet Muhammad Nabi was born in 570 A.D. He explained the islamic doctrine of the world. He paved the way for Islam by guiding god as formless with a principle of godliness. The word Islam refers to peace, obedience and submission. These describe bringing human beings under one umbrella who were created to worship God in the presence of Him. Christianity and Islam are unparalleled religions in the history of world religion. Islam broke down the old ness of the Arab nations and emerged as a new source with the ethics of the Prophet Muhammad. Islam, which originated in the Arab countries, penetrated into other countries through Islamic merchants and developed into a religion that propagated the new doctrine
The Doctrine of Aesthetics in Purananuru
Get PDFSangam literature occupies a unique place in classical literature and is a mirror that accurately reflects the lives of the people. Both the books, Ettuthozhi and Pathupaattu, are called "Sangam literature." This is also known as the "Pathinenmerkanakku." "Kanakku" means song. "Merkanakku" means a song having a lot of lines. The total number of lines in Sangam literature is 26,350. Agam (1862) and Puram (519) are two of the 2381 songs known from literary histories. The songs on love and war were compiled and named "Sangam literature," which remained extinct in the ocean planet, termite, and time flood. Of the eight volumes of Sangam literature, the book Purananooru contains four hundred (400) verses on external subject matters such as the greeting of God. This book shows the virtues of aesthetics through traditions, governance, way of life, historical elements, mythological stories, warfare, the superiority of friendship, the king’s bravery, and the skill of women
Naladiyar's Individualism Theory
Get PDFLiterature is a book that expresses the greatness of society. Ethics have been stated with the intention of instructing. In Naladiyar the characteristics of the individual are explained in detail. It has been advised to live in the public interest without selfishness. It has been taught to live with the ethics of the elderly. Education is necessary for a man to live in society by analyzing the principles of having patience in actions and living with maturity, the depth of friendship to live in companionship, and the virtue of living in harmony and harmony during the course of his life. The merits of education have also been mentioned. Naladiyar is a book of justice belonging to the genre of pathinenkilkanakku. It is made up of venpas with four lines. It is a collection of 400 individual songs composed by Jain sages and is known as Naladi Nanooru and Agricultural Veda. Naladiyar is unique in using the simple meaning of life as a parable and imparting justice
Folk Literature in Nalayira Divya Prabandham
Get PDFFolk literature is the mirror of society. Folk literature reflects the experiences and feelings of the rural people. The customs, rituals, ceremonies and traditions of the country people are expressed in folk literature. The nature of folk literature is seen in many ways. One of them is Nalayira Divya Prabandham, the Vaishnava literatry work. The Alwars composed hymns describing the virtues of Tirumal's marriage and incarnations and showed it up in folk literature. Alwars also sung many lullabies. They have sung a folk song called "Pallandu Vaalththu”. The nature of a woman who is in love with God can be known through the proverbs. Alwars have shown that they celebrated festivals two thousand years ago itself. The repetition of a word in folk literature is one of its characteristics. The opinions of scholars related to folklore are explained in this article. This article reflects the nature of folk literature in Nalayira Divya Prabandham
Sangam Literature as a way to Know Ancient Tamil Beliefs and Omens
Get PDFFolklore is the culture of particular people protected by their beliefs and customs. Beliefs are created and protected by a community of people. Man’s selfishness and social consequences are developing these beliefs. Beliefs often seem to be the basis of fear, but when we do not perceive supernatural activities and when we are unable to explain the reasons for some events in life. Our mind creates some reason for it. And these reasons become a kind of belief. Beliefs are passed down from one generation to another. From birth to death we see man having various kind of beliefs. Beliefs play a major role in human life and it drives human life. This article examines the beliefs and omens of the ancient Tamils through Sangam Literature
“Patheetu”, the Distributive Character of Ethnic Societies
Get PDFThe people who lived in the five types of land divisions found in ancient Tamil Nadu had a wide variety of customs and cultures. The primordial man who lived in harmony with nature suffered many losses due to the nature that surrounded him. He began to live as a group to protect himself from the loss he had suffered. This collective way of life is called ethnic life. In all the five kinds of lands in ancient Tamil Nadu, the people lived this collective life, the ethnic life. The people who lived in all five types of lands had cultures according to the richness of the land in which they lived. Food was the basic necessity of the people who lived as an ethnic group. The distribution of food and food-based products was the primary activity. They divided food and food-related products. It is examined in the three spheres of the distribution of cattle lifted from enemies, the distribution of hunted material, and the distribution of gifts, and it expressed the quality of 'eating in the public' in the ethnic community
Development of Pattu Literature in Malayalam
Get PDFAfter the ruling of three kings Chera, Chola and Pandiya of the Chera dynasty, the people, small land kings, land lords and many other Political changes are happening. Due to various political interventions Kerala has been identified by various cultural, literature changes. When we search the literature works of ancient times in Kerala, it is noticeable that, they are flourished through the Sangham literature. When we explore the literary development of Kerala from north to south in every time period, various literature and literacy walks has been located. Among that, the effect of Tamil language had been seen directly or indirectly. When we try to investigate the history of Malayalam literature, the growth of poetic approach of literature has been identified into three major segments. They are: 1) Pattu (2) Manipravalam (3) Folk songs. The “Pattu” literature is the account of Tamil poem which are found in respective regional linquistics. Later on, in the 8th century A.D., “Manipravalam songs” that are assorted as a distinct language from the influence of absolutely different forms from both of them, “Folk songs” took place called Vadakkan Pattu and Thekkan Pattu. We can find Proto-Dravidian features in Sangam literature. After that this aspect focuses in folk literature now. The heroic poetry of Tamil folk literature is available in both Tamil Malayalam languages. They are detected in a way that reveal the specialties of the Malayalam and Tamil languages. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze the history of Pattu literature categorization in the Malayalam literature
The Life Beliefs of Palandamizhar Expressed by Nadukal (A Sepulchral Stone or Monument)
Get PDFThe various kinds of art, literature, politics, culture, faith, civilization, etc., of the ancient Tamil people, have been known from the manuscripts, inscriptions, coins, copper plates, etc., found in different parts of the country. The various fields of work have a permanent origin in the literary world, giving shape to the known sources. It is the immortal literature created by the ancient Tamil people who have established that image and is so popular. This study is intended to examine the ancient middle stones that can be discovered through these inscriptions and the various soil-based beliefs that are intertwined with the lives of the ancient Tamil people associated with them
Developments in Scientific Tamil after the Arrival of Europeans
Get PDFThe impact on the Tamil language after the arrival of Europeans and the development of scientific Tamil will be explained. The ancient Tamils’ number, weighing, measuring, and stretching levels, and the terminology referred to in the ancient literature, about the stagnation of terminology and the development of terminology, will be explained. In addition, data on the Tamil method of teaching, the period of re-emergence of terminology, scientific Tamil books, and a glossary will be compiled. The concept of mother tongue-based education and the development of Tamil medium education today will be pictured. Finally, in the concluding remarks, the need and necessity of scientific Tamil will be summed up. The data examined on the role of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam in the development of scientific Tamil since the 1960s will also be clearly presented