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The effect of inclusive physical activities on the physical activity level and social skills of children with and without intellectual disability
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı, Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenliği Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı, kapsayıcı fiziksel aktivitelerin zihinsel yetersizliği (ZY) olan ve olmayan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal becerileri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Ön test – son test deneysel modelde tasarlanan çalışmaya, 20 ZY olan çocuk, 20 tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) çocuk ve 15 gönüllü üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. ZY olan ve olmayan çocuklar rastgele bir uygulama grubuna (ZY olan çocuklar n:10; TGG çocuklar n: 10) ve bir kontrol grubuna ayrılmıştır (ZY olan çocuklar n:10; TGG çocuklar n: 10). Çalışmada, gönüllü üniversite öğrencilerinin desteğinde uygulama grubunda yer alan ZY olan ve olmayan çocuklarla birlikte 8 hafta süresince, haftada 3 gün 40'ar dakika süreyle kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler genel olarak; grupla etkileşime imkân sunabilecek eğitsel oyunlar, sportif parkurlar, fonksiyonel egzersizler, branşlara özgü aktiviteler, dans etkinlikleri ve hareket eğitimi aktivitelerinden oluşmuştur. 8 haftalık kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler öncesi, gönüllü üniversite öğrencilerine farkındalık oluşturma, uygulama öncesi yapılması gerekenler ve uygulama sırasında yapılması gerekenler olmak üzere üç aşamadan oluşan gönüllülük eğitimleri verilmiştir. Çalışma verileri; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Sosyal Becerileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Serbest Zaman Egzersiz Anketi aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Veriler; Bağımsız Gruplar t testi ve Tekrarlayan Ölçümler ANOVA testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular, uygulama ve kontrol gruplarında yer alan ZY olan çocukların 8 haftalık kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler öncesi benzerlik gösteren fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyinin, 8 haftalık kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler sonrası uygulama grubu lehine anlamlı farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, ZY olan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyi üzerinde grup * ölçüm ortak etkisinin anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bonferroni düzeltmesine göre, uygulama grubundaki ZY olan çocukların ön test puanlarına göre son test puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek iken; kontrol grubundaki ZY olan çocukların ön test – son test puanları arasında herhangi bir anlamlı farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır. Benzer şekilde, uygulama ve kontrol gruplarında yer alan TGG çocukların 8 haftalık kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler öncesi benzerlik gösteren fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyinin, 8 haftalık kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteler sonrası uygulama grubu lehine anlamlı farklılık gösterdiğini açığa çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca, TGG çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyi üzerinde grup * ölçüm ortak etkisinin anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bonferroni düzeltmesine göre, uygulama grubundaki TGG çocukların ön test puanlarına göre son test puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek iken; kontrol grubundaki TGG olan çocukların ön test – son test puanları arasında herhangi bir anlamlı farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kapsayıcı fiziksel aktivitelerin çalışmaya katılan ZY olan ve olmayan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyi üzerinde olumlu yönde etkisi olduğu izlenimi edinilmiştir. Bu sonuçların daha sonraki çalışmalarda desteklenmesinin, ZY olan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve sosyal beceri düzeyini arttırmak için kapsayıcı fiziksel aktiviteleri kullanabilecek öğretmenlere, antrenörlere, uzmanlara ve akademisyenlere rehberlik edebileceği düşünülmektedir.The aim of this study was to examine the effects of inclusive physical activities on the physical activity level and social skills of children with and without intellectual Disabilities (ID). 20 children with ID, 20 children with typically development (TD) and 15 volunteer university students participated in the study, which was designed in the pre-test – post-test experimental model. Children with and without ID were randomly divided into an application group (children with ID n: 10; children with TD n: 10) and a control group (children with ID n: 10; children with TD n: 10). In the study, inclusive physical activities were carried out for 40 minutes 3 days a week for 8 weeks with the children with and without ID in the application group with the support of volunteer university students. Inclusive physical activities in general; It consists of educational games, sports tracks, functional exercises, branch-specific activities, dance activities and movement training activities that can provide interaction with the group. Before the 8-week inclusive physical activities, volunteer university students were given volunteering trainings consisting of three stages: raising awareness, what to do before the application and what to do during the application. Study data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire and the Social Skills Assessment Scale. Data were analyzed, using Independent Samples t-test and Repeated Measures ANOVA test were used. The findings obtained within the scope of the study revealed that the physical activity level and social skill level of the children with ID in the application and control groups before the 8-week inclusive physical activities differed significantly in favor of the application group after the 8-week inclusive physical activities. In addition, it was determined that the group* measurement joint effect on the physical activity level and social skill level of children with ID was significant. According to Bonferroni correction, while the post-test scores of the children with ID in the application group were significantly higher than their pre-test scores; It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the children with ID in the control group. Similarly, it was revealed that the physical activity level and social skill level of children with TD in the application and control groups, which were similar before the 8-week inclusive physical activities, showed a significant difference in favor of the application group after the 8-week inclusive physical activities. In addition, the group * measurement joint effect was found to be significant on the physical activity level and social skill level of children with TD. According to the Bonferroni correction, the post-test scores of the children with TD in the application group were significantly higher than their pre-test scores; It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the children with TD in the control group. As a result, it was gained the impression that inclusive physical activities had a positive effect on the physical activity level and social skill level of the children with and without ID participating in the study. It is thought that supporting these results in future studies can guide teachers, coaches, experts and academicians who can use inclusive physical activities to increase the physical activity level and social skills level of children with ID
The impact of surgical intervention on religious coping, psychological well-being, and pain levels in older adult patients: A quasi-experimental study
No full textAim: This study aimed to determine the impact of surgical intervention on religious coping, psychological well-being, and pain levels in older adult patients. Method: The data of the study, which used a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design without a control group, was collected between July 1, 2023, - January 30, 2024. Data collection involved the use of a Personal Information Form, the Religious Coping Scale, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Visual Analog Scale. Results: The results revealed a significant increase in psychological well-being and positive religious coping after surgical intervention compared to presurgical levels (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that male gender, younger age, enhanced psychological well-being, and positive religious coping were identified as factors contributing to a reduction in postsurgical pain levels. Conclusion: The study's results indicate that surgical intervention serves as a significant variable influencing psychological well-being and religious coping among older adult patients. (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Funding This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors
Spor ve Farklı Değişkenlere Göre Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kan Bağışı ile Vicdan Algılarının İncelenmesi
No full textÜniversite öğrencilerinin kan bağışı tutumları ile vicdan algılarının spor ve farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışma da genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ile birlikte “Kan Bağışı Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Vicdan Algısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 26.0 Windows paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenin kategori sayısına bağlı olarak ikili gruplarda bağımsız örneklem t-Testi, çoklu gruplarda ise Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ile Posthoc testlerinden Lsd testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları ,05 anlamlılık düzeyine göre yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşlarının, aile gelir düzeylerinin, öğrenim gördükleri bölümlerinin, sınıf düzeylerinin, spor yapma durumlarının ve haftalık spor yapma sürelerinin Kan bağışı tutumları üzerinde etkili bir değişken olduğu; cinsiyetin, yapmış oldukları spor türünün ve spor yaşlarının etkili değişkenler olmadığı; vicdan algı durumlarını yaşlarının, öğrenim gördükleri bölümlerinin, sınıf düzeylerinin, spor yapma durumlarının, haftalık spor yapma sürelerinin ve spor yaşlarının etkilediği; cinsiyetin, aile gelir düzeylerinin ve yapmış oldukları spor türünün etkilemediği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak sporun hem kan bağışı tutum durumuna hem de vicdan algı durumuna etken bir değişken olduğu tespit edilmiştir
The Effect of Augmented Reality Technology on Primary School Students' Achievement, Attitudes Towards the Course, Attitudes Towards Technology, and Participation in Classroom Activities
No full textThe research aims to investigate the impact of augmented reality (AR) technologies developed within the framework of primary school students' on student achievement, attitudes towards the course, attitudes towards technology, and participation in classroom activities. The contents of AR-based learning materials have been developed by 4th-grade teachers and writers within the context of the existing curriculum. The study process was carried out based on the instructional design model. The research was performed in conjunction with the quasi-experimental design among the experimental designs of quantitative research methods. Using the cluster random sampling method, students in the experimental and control groups were selected among 11 primary schools. The findings indicate that contrary to the students in the control group, the students in the experimental group had higher academic achievement and participation in classroom activities, and also their attitudes to the course and applied technology were more positive. Moreover, concerning the experimental group students, a positive and significant correlation between their academic achievements, attitudes towards the course, attitudes towards technology, and their participation and participation in classroom activities have been observed.Research Fund of the Ataturk University [7511]This work was supported by Research Fund of the Ataturk University [Project Number: 7511]
Efficient bioreduction of 4-phenyl-2-butanone to drug precursor (S)-4-phenyl-2-butanol by a whole-cell biocatalyst using a novel hybrid design technique
No full textAsymmetric synthesis is a critical tactic in pharmaceutical industries for creating chiral medications as it allows an enantiomer to be obtained in synthetic chemistry. The asymmetric bioreduction processes by biocatalysts have shown significant potential in producing chiral alcohols. The amount of substrate and the production method of the biocatalytic synthesis of (S)-4-phenyl-2-butanol ((S)-2) are not still desired levels. Furthermore, the biocatalytic asymmetric reduction of 4-phenyl-2-butanone (1) to (R)- or (S)-4-phenyl-2-butanol did not use any mathematical modeling techniques. In this study, the asymmetric bioreduction of 1 was carried out in this work employing Lactobacillus paracasei BD71 biocatalyst and a novel hybrid design-based optimization approach. By using the hybrid design technique, the optimal circumstances were discovered to be pH = 7, temperature = 29 degrees C, incubation period = 66 h, and agitation speed = 189 rpm. Also, the enantiomeric excess (ee) and conversion could be 99.15 % and 98.19 %, respectively. Next, (S)-2 was acquired to be ee: 99 %, conversion: >99 %, and yield: 97 % from the optimum bioreduction conditions. Furthermore, 14.08 g of 1 under optimal conditions was entirely transformed into (S)-2 (13.84 g, 97 % isolated yield). This study is the first research attempt to use a biocatalyst and an innovative and new hybrid design-based optimization approach to fabricate enantiopure (S)-2 at a high gram scale. This work has successfully demonstrated that the new hybrid design-based optimization technique is applicable to biocatalytic asymmetric reduction processes
Investigation of Mass Transfer of Ozone in Jet Loop Reactor
No full textMass transfer of ozone in a jet loop reactor was investigated in this study. Different parameters such as ozone gas concentration, gas flow rate, circulation flow rate, and spray nozzle diameter were examined for their effect on mass transfer. In experiments with ozone gas concentrations ranging from 3.83 to 17.1 g/m3, the KLa values remained unchanged, with an average of 28.7 +/- 2.2 h-1. As the ozone gas concentration increased, the saturation values of ozone in the liquid phase also increased. Experiments were carried out with gas flow rates ranging from 50 to 250 L/h in the jet loop reactor, and increasing gas flow rates increased the KLa value up to five times. When the effect of the liquid circulation flow rate was examined for a spray nozzle diameter of 15.5 mm, increasing the flow rate from 40 L/min to 80 L/min increased the KLa value by approximately 41%. However, the power consumed per reactor volume for this process increased 8 times and reached 2.65 kW/m3. KLa values in the JLR vary between 6.1 and 37.3 h-1 depending on operating parameters and it has been concluded that it performs well compared to its counterparts.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [107Y298]The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK- Project No: 107Y298)
The role of the levels of coping with stress in the relationship between the self-efficiency and emotional intelligence levels of students of the faculty of sports sciences
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim DalıÖğrenciler açısından önemli bir kavram olan öz yeterlilik, kişinin bir şeyi yapabileceği yönündeki algısı olarak bilinmektedir. Duygusal zeka bireylerin kendi ve çevresindekilerin fikirlerini anlayabilmesi ve kontrol edebilmesine yönelik algısıdır şeklinde tanımlanmıştır. Stresle başa çıkma ise; kişinin stres yaratan durumları kendisinin bilişsel ve davranışsal olarak dengede tutarak kontrolü altında tutabileceğine dair çabalarıdır. Bu çalışmada spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin öz yeterlilikleri ile duygusal zeka düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide stresle başa çıkmanın rolü değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 245 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, katılımcıların demografik bilgilerin yer aldığı "Kişisel Bilgi Formu", "Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği", "Duygusal Zeka Ölçeği" ve "Stresle Başa Çıkma Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Kolayda tesadüfi örneklem modeliyle yürütülen çalışmada veriler anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Analizler için SPPS paket programı kullanılarak istatistiksel sonuçları elde edinilmiştir. t-Testi incelenmesi sonucunda spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin cinsiyete, yaşa, ikametlerine, bölümlerine ve anne baba eğitim durumlarına göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur. Tek yönlü varyans (ANOVA) analizleri sonucunda öğrencilerin akademik not ortalamalarına (GANO) göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için yapılan korelasyon analizi sonucunda tüm değişkenler arasında % 99 güven düzeyinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda öz yeterliliğin duygusal zekayı, öz yeterliliğin stresle başa çıkmayı, stresle başa çıkma duygusal zekayı etkileme düzeyinde anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Öz yeterlik bağımsız değişken, duygusal zeka bağımlı değişken ve stresle başa çıkma aracı değişken olarak ele alındığında ise öz yeterlik ile duygusal zeka arasındaki ilişkide bir anlamsızlaşma olmadığı ancak etki düzeyinin azaldığı bulgusu spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin algıladığı öz yeterliliğin duygusal zeka üzerinde etkisinde stresle başa çıkmanın kısmi aracılık rolü üstlendiğini göstermektedir.Self-efficacy, which is an important concept for students, is known as the perception that a person can do something. Emotional intelligence; It is defined as the ability of individuals to understand and control their own ideas and those of those around them. Coping with stress: It is the person's efforts to keep stressful situations under control by keeping them cognitively and behaviorally balanced. This study aimed to examine the role of coping with stress in the relationship between the self-efficacy and emotional intelligence levels of sports sciences faculty students. The study group consists of 245 students. In the research, the data were used: "Personal Information Form", which includes demographic information of the participants, "Self-Efficacy Scale", "Emotional Intelligence Scale" and "Coping with Stress Scale". In the study conducted with a convenient random sampling model, the data were obtained through a survey. Statistical results were obtained using the SPPS package program for analyses. As a result of the t-Test analysis, it was found that there was no significant difference between the students of the faculty of sports sciences according to their gender, age, residence, department and parents' educational status. As a result of one-way variance (ANOVA) analysis, it was determined that there was a significant difference according to the students' academic grade point averages (GPA). As a result of the correlation analysis performed to test the research hypotheses and determine the relationship between variables, it was seen that there was a positive and significant relationship between all variables at 99% confidence level. As a result of the regression analysis, it was seen that self-efficacy was significant at the level of affecting emotional intelligence, self-efficacy affectign coping wit stress, and coping wit stress affecting emotional intelligence. When self-efficacy is considered as the independent variable, emotional intelligence as the dependent variable and coping with stress as the mediating variable, the finding that there is no insignificance in the relationship between self-efficacy and emotionl intelligence, but the level of effect decreases, indicates that coping with stress partially mediating role in the effect of self-efficacy perceived by the students of the faculty of sorts seciences on emotional intelligence
Assessment of Different Methods for Estimation of Missing Rainfall Data
No full textMissing data is a common problem encountered in various fields, including clinical research, environmental sciences and hydrology. In order to obtain reliable results from the analysis, the data inventory must be completed. This paper presents a methodology for addressing the missing data problem by examining the missing data structure and missing data techniques. Simulated datasets were created by considering the number of missing data, missing data pattern and missing data mechanism of real datasets containing missing values, which are often overlooked in hydrology. Considering the missing data pattern, the most commonly used methods for missing data analysis in hydrology and other fields were applied to the created simulated datasets. Simple imputation techniques and expectation maximization (EM) were implemented in SPSS software and machine learning techniques such as k-nearest neighbor (kNN), together with the hot-deck were implemented in the Python programming language. In the performance evaluation based on error metrics, it is concluded that the EM method is the most suitable completion method. Homogeneity analyses were performed in the Mathematica programming language to identify possible changes and inconsistencies in the completed rainfall dataset. Homogeneity analyses revealed that most of the completed rainfall datasets are homogeneous at class 1 level, consistent and reliable and do not show systematic changes in time.Bayburt UniversityNo Statement Availabl
Ö?retmen Adaylarinin Deprem Farkindalik Düzeylerinin Çeşitli De?işkenler Açisindan Incelenmesi
No full textEarthquakes are one of the most important and destructive natural disasters that frequently occur both in the world and in Türkiye, affecting living things and the environment, especially humans, in various aspects. It is a fact that despite today's technological possibilities and knowledge, the desired level has not yet been reached in preventing and predicting earthquakes. However, as with other disasters, individuals' preparedness and awareness for earthquakes is effective in reducing the damage of earthquakes. The aim of this research is to examine the earthquake awareness levels of university students in terms of various variables. The research was conducted based on a quantitative approach. "Earthquake Awareness Scale" was used as a data collection tool in the research. Jamowi statistical program was used to analyze the data. The study group of the research consists of undergraduate students studying at the faculty of education of a state university in Türkiye in the 2022-2023 academic year. According to the findings of the research; It was determined that the earthquake awareness levels of the participants were generally high, and while there was no significant difference in terms of gender and grade point average, there was a difference according to the department variable. In addition, according to the participants, it is vital to be aware of earthquakes, but they stated that university education is not sufficient to be prepared for earthquakes. © 2024 Afet ve Acil Durum Yonetimi Baskanligi (AFAD). All rights reserved