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The Role of Mothers’ Varied Parenting Styles in Childhood Obesity
No full textObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of mothers' democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and overprotective parenting styles in childhood obesity and mothers' perception of their children's body weight. Method: The research was cross-sectional in design, and a total of 94 children aged between two and six years were included, together with their mothers. Mothers were administered the Parental Attitude Scale, and children's Body Mass Index (BMI) was classified using age- gender-specific tables of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). The effect of mothers' parental attitudes on their children's BMI groups was evaluated. However, mothers matched their child's appearance to the appearance they thought corresponded to the age and gender-specific weight plot and mothers' weight perceptions were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of overweight-obesity among children was found to be 19.2%. There wasn’t statistically difference between democratic, authoritarian, overprotective and permissive parenting styles and BMI categories of children (p=0.819, p=0.878, p=0.319, p=0.494). The mothers of overweight-obese children perceived their children as significantly overweight compared to other children (p</jats:p
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in History Education
No full textArtificial intelligence is also used to transfer knowledge and culture about the past to future generations. Thus, the improvement of students' history education processes and the innovations that artificial intelligence can bring to history education can be discussed. Historical research is an important discipline that helps us understand the evolution of humanity by examining past events. Traditionally, historians access and interpret information by manually analyzing documents, archives and other sources. However, with the development of artificial intelligence technologies in recent years, new possibilities in historical research are emerging, and AI has great potential in historical research. In the future, AI technologies are expected to help us understand our historical knowledge in a deeper and more comprehensive way. In this study, as well as answering the question of what artificial intelligence is, the question of how artificial intelligence can be used in history education is also answered.</jats:p
The effects of topical aloe vera on an experimentally designed penile fracture model in rats
No full textThis study assessed the histopathological and oxidative effects of topical Aloe Vera (AV) on penile fractures (PF) formed experimentally in a rat model.Forty Wistar albino rats (220-250 g) were used. The PF model was created experimentally with a number 15 lancet. Then, the rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups. In the first group (C), no incision was formed. In the second group (P), an incision was formed. In the third group (PR), the incision line was closed primarily. In the fourth group (PA), AV was locally applied onto the incision without suturing for three days. In the last group (PRA), AV was applied to the primary repair region for three days. All groups were compared to each other according to histopathological and biochemical data.Hyperemia-bleeding was observed to be suppressed in the PRA group compared to the other groups (p0.05).Topical AV application reduces tissue inflammation and oxidative stress but appears to increase the development of fibrosis after PF
My museum: A study of pre-service social studies teachers’ experience in designing virtual museums
No full textAbstractThis study aims to reveal pre-service teachers’ experience in virtual museum design that they can use in social studies teaching, and their opinions on virtual museum applications. In line with this purpose, phenomenology design was used as one of the qualitative research approaches. Selected by the criterion sampling method, the study sample consisted of a total of 15 pre-service social studies teachers (9 female, 6 male) who were studying in year 4 at the Department of Social Studies Education of a State University in the 2021/22 academic year. During the 9-week virtual museum design process, virtual museums on “epidemics, women’s rights, population, environmental problems, climate, human rights, and migration” were designed through the Artsteps application. The study was executed in a dynamic manner in co-operation and interaction with pre-service teachers based on the principles of design, implementation and evaluation. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool to determine the opinions of pre-service teachers about virtual museums and the use of virtual museums in social studies teaching. The data was analysed by content analysis. The results revealed that the virtual museum design process positively affected the views of pre-service teachers and that virtual museums are very effective and applicable tools in social studies teaching. This study suggests that virtual museums be used in social studies courses since they offer rich content to achieve meaningful learning in social studies courses owing to easy accessibility, and that future studies focus on examining the effects of popularizing virtual museums designed with gamification and guided content.</jats:p
Factors influencing attitudes towards brain drain among nursing students: A path analysis
No full textBrain drain is the migration of trained professionals and scientists from low and middle-income countries to live and work in better conditions in high-income countries. The brain drain and brain drain intentions of qualified nurses have become a global burning issue for healthcare sustainability in low and middle-income countries. In Türkiye, the idea of brain drain has increased among nurses and nursing students. Realizing the factors affecting brain drain intention and how to manage them are crucial for proper planning, health equity, and positive patient outcomes in health care.To verify a hypothesized model examining the factors contributing to brain drain intentions among nursing students.A cross-sectional study.Data were collected from 528 undergraduate nursing students from a health sciences faculty with an online questionnaire sent through a link between December 16, 2021, and February 28, 2022.A hypothesized model was tested using path analysis.Income level (middle) and income level (low) were indirectly and inversely related to attitudes towards brain drain through the mediating role of satisfaction with life. Sense of belonging to the occupation significantly mediated the indirect effect of concern regarding working conditions (yes) on attitudes towards brain drain. The direct effect of satisfaction with life on attitudes towards brain drain was significant. Sense of belonging to the occupation was indirectly and positively related to attitudes towards brain drain through the mediating role of satisfaction with life. In contrast, the direct effect of the sense of belonging to the occupation on attitudes towards brain drain was not statistically significant.Faculties and governments should consider that brain drain intention is a good predictor of future brain drain. To reduce nursing students' brain drain intentions, policy-driven changes in nurses' working conditions and psychological support for satisfaction with life and a sense of belonging to the occupation in their own country are required
The contribution of motivational constructs to motivational and affective strategy use
No full textAbstract This paper identifies the contribution of the different dimensions of motivational constructs, i.e., self-efficacy, task value, learning goal orientation, and performance goal orientation to motivational and affective strategy use. The findings of the regression analyses suggested that the dimensions altogether contribute significantly to motivational strategy scores but do not lead to significant changes individually. Regarding affective strategies, the findings identified that self-efficacy and performance goal orientation stood out regarding contribution to affective strategy use
Investigating the Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning on Academic Achievement in EFL Classroom: A Meta-Analysis
No full textAbstract Problem based learning (PBL) has great potential to enhance learning outcomes and this potential has been investigated and proved in different disciplines by many meta-analysis studies. However, there are not any meta-analysis studies aiming to investigate the effectiveness of problem based learning in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms which is an important gap that needs to be filled. Therefore, this meta-analysis study aimed to investigate the overall effect size of PBL on achievement in EFL classrooms and to examine the possible moderator variables that might be effective on this overall effect size. Along with this aim, the studies investigating the effect of PBL on academic achievement in EFL classrooms are included and analyses were carried out with 41 data (extracted from 36 unique studies). Investigation of publication bias using various methods showed that there is no publication bias. This study showed that the effect size of PBL is 1.067 indicating a large effect which means that PBL is highly effective to enhance the language achievement of students in EFL classrooms. Moderator analyses showed that language skill is a real moderator on the effect size of PBL on EFL success while the study group, treatment duration, location of study, learning environment, and document type are not real moderators.</jats:p
On Certain Properties of Parametric Kinds of Apostol-Type Frobenius–Euler–Fibonacci Polynomials
No full textThis paper presents an overview of cosine and sine Apostol-type Frobenius–Euler–Fibonacci polynomials, as well as several identities that are associated with these polynomials. By applying a partial derivative operator to the generating functions, the authors obtain derivative formulae and finite combinatorial sums involving these polynomials and numbers. Additionally, the paper establishes connections between cosine and sine Apostol-type Frobenius–Euler–Fibonacci polynomials of order α and several other polynomial sequences, such as the Apostol-type Bernoulli–Fibonacci polynomials, the Apostol-type Euler–Fibonacci polynomials, the Apostol-type Genocchi–Fibonacci polynomials, and the Stirling–Fibonacci numbers of the second kind. The authors also provide computational formulae and graphical representations of these polynomials using the Mathematica program.</jats:p
Cluster-based Visualization of human element interactions in marine accidents
No full textThis study addresses human elements in marine accidents that cause many deaths, environmental pollution, and economic losses. The aim of this study is to identify various human elements that cause marine accidents and to visualize their interaction with each other on a two-dimensional plane. For this purpose, a two-stage study was conducted: the first was a pilot study in which the performance of different dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms was tested, and the second was the phase in which 2050 textual expressions corresponding to human elements in 871 marine accidents were analyzed with the algorithms featured in the pilot study. The textual expressions were converted into vectors with the BERT model, dimensionality reduction was performed with UMAP, and clustering was performed with the k-Means algorithm. The results showed that the most common type of error and the one that interacts the most with others are navigational errors. It has also been observed that a cause-effect relationship can be established between the clusters such as “fatigue”-“cognitive dysfunction” and “false observation”-“violation of navigation rules”. This study contributes to taking more specific safety measures as it directly reveals human elements specific to marine accidents rather than using generic human error classifications
Immune modulation by dexketoprofen trometamol, a selective eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor of cellular immune response and phenoloxidase reaction in response to viral infection in Pimpla turionellae adults
No full textNodulation is the first immune defence mechanism related to melanisation in response to microbial infections in insects. Adult parasitoid insects have been hypothesised to produce nodules with melanisation in response to viral infections and, eicosanoids, to mediate nodulation reactions and phenoloxidase (PO) activation in this type of infections. To test this hypothesis, endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae adults were first inoculated with a novel generation nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) dexketoprofen trometamol (DT) (5 μg/adult), which is a selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor. These adults were then immediately injected with intrahaemocoelic injection of Bovine herpes simplex virus-1 (BHSV-1) as a model insect-virus interaction. Additionally, adults were fed on artificial diet with increasing concentrations of DT (0.001, 0.01, or 0.1 g/100 ml diet) per os prior to intrahaemocoelic injection of BHSV-1 (2 × 103 PFU/adult) and nodulation and PO activity were recorded at 2 h post inoculation (PI). BHSV-1-treated newly emerged adults fed with inhibitors showed low levels of nodulation and increased PO enzyme activity. DT-treated Pimpla adults produced significantly fewer nodules (approximately nine nodules/adult), whereas viral infection provoked nodules (approximately 33 nodules/adult) in comparison with needle (vehicle)-treated controls (approximately five nodules/adult). Increasing dietary dexketoprofen trometamol concentrations decreased nodulation (by 12-fold at the highest concentration) and increased PO reactions (by approximately 3-fold at the highest concentration) to BHSV-1 injection. Compared with control adults, adults orally fed on the lowest DT concentration (0.001 %) significantly increased PO activity (1.22 ± 0.23-2.74 ± 0.31 unit/min/mg protein) while nodules significantly decreased (43.19 ± 4.26-17.84 ± 2.19) in response to virus infections. These findings suggest that eicosanoid biosynthesis, at least in the context of prostaglandins (PGs) formed by COX-1, mediates nodulation reactions and PO activation in response to viral infection in adults of this endoparasitoid. This is the first demonstration that the immune response of P. turionellae adults to viral pathogens is modulated by DT, which initiates haemolymph PO activation