Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institutional Repository
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The effects of separatıon-individuation characteristics in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
No full textAim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between separation-individuation characteristics, body mass index (BMI), and quality of life in adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). Materials and Methods: The study included a sample of 21 cases who were presented at the Ege University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit and received a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. The study utilized the Sociodemographic Data Form, the Separation-Individuation Test of Adolescence (SITA), and the Children’s Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Results: Negative correlations were found for the scores of rejection expectancy and need denial from the separation-individuation subscales with peer enmeshment and quality of life functionality (r = -0.67; p = 0.002; r = -0.61; p = 0.007). A positive correlation was found between the practicing-mirroring scores of the cases and the affect-related quality of life functionality (r = 0.55; p = 0.018). Conclusion: The study suggests that difficulties in separation-individuation among adolescents with anorexia nervosa are linked to a decline in quality of life. Recognizing and addressing separation-individuation challenges, which are believed to contribute to the development of anorexia nervosa and its psychodynamic etiology, is crucial for improving quality of life and ensuring effective treatment.</jats:p
Impact of pre-stenting antiplatelet therapy regimens on clinical outcomes following carotid artery stenting: a retrospective analysis
No full textObjective: This study investigates the influence of various antiplatelet regimens before carotid artery stenting (CAS) on short-term and long-term clinical outcomes. Effective antiplatelet therapy is vital for enhancing the success and safety of CAS. Determining the best approach remains a priority. Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis involved 235 patients who underwent CAS at a single institution between October 2020 and October 2024. Participants were divided into three groups based on the antiplatelet regimen administered before the procedure: dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), aspirin monotherapy (SAPT-A), and clopidogrel monotherapy (SAPT-C). The main outcomes evaluated were stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and bleeding complications. Secondary outcomes included restenosis, stent thrombosis, and death. Statistical methods were applied to compare outcomes across the groups. Results: Stroke (0.8%) and TIA (2.5%) were notably less frequent in the DAPT group compared to the SAPT-A (7.1% and 12.5%, respectively) and SAPT-C (6.9% and 8.6%, respectively) groups (P&lt;0.05). Rates of stent thrombosis (1.7%-1.8%) and mortality (0.8%-3.4%) at six months showed no significant differences among the groups (P&gt;0.05). Conclusions: Pre-procedural DAPT reduces short-term ischemic complications in CAS. However, long-term outcomes were comparable across regimens. These findings suggest that antiplatelet strategies should be individualized. Larger studies with longer follow-ups are needed.</jats:p
Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Antibacterial Performance of Novel Fe‐Mn‐Zn Nanocrystalline Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying
No full textThis study investigates the impact of zinc (Zn) content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of (70‐x)Fe‐30Mn‐xZn (x = 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) nanocrystalline alloys produced using mechanical alloying and subsequently formed into pellets through hot pressing and sintering. X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates that Fe‐30Mn‐xZn (x = 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) particles exist in the austenite phase. According to scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy results, elemental distribution is homogeneous. Density tests of consolidated samples are performed by the Archimedes method. Among the tested alloys, the Fe‐30Mn‐9Zn alloy shows the highest relative density at 94.21%. Additional tests are performed to evaluate hardness, wear resistance, bending strength, corrosion behavior, and antibacterial properties. The Fe‐30Mn alloy has the highest hardness and wear resistance with a 548.66 HV value, which can be attributed to the solid solution hardening mechanism. The Fe‐30Mn‐9Zn alloy displays a bending strength of 1277.61 MPa and the lowest corrosion rate of 0.044 mm year−1 with potentiodynamic polarization tests, attributed to low porosity. Antibacterial tests conducted using the colony counting method with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria show that increasing the zinc content significantly enhances the antibacterial properties of the alloy.</jats:p
A lack of impact of pedagogy (peer-led team learning compared with didactic instruction) on long-term student knowledge of chemical equilibrium
No full textPeer-led team learning is a socially mediated pedagogy where trained peer leaders, students who have completed a course, return to lead students in groups within a targeted course. The effect of peer-led team learning to improve student success in chemistry has been extensively documented but it is unclear if it is just as effective at facilitating retention of knowledge across time. This paper describes two studies designed to examine this possibility, each focusing on the impact of peer-led team learning in second-semester general chemistry on students’ long-term knowledge of chemical equilibrium. The first study measured student knowledge at three time points for one year following enrollment in general chemistry. The second study measured student knowledge while enrolled in analytical chemistry. Both studies used a repeated measures design and found no demonstrable effect of pedagogy on the long-term retention of knowledge. This finding indicates that concepts students hold in first-year chemistry remain long-standing throughout their undergraduate training, conceptual understanding of equilibrium shows ample room for improvement across both pedagogies, and peer-led team learning supports knowledge retention comparable to didactic instruction.</jats:p
Gd ve Y ilave Edilmiş AZ31 Magnezyum alaşımına Ekstrüzyon ve Çok Yönlü Dövme Prosesinin Etkisi
No full textÖZET Bu çalışmada AZ31 Magnezyum alaşımına %0,5 ve %1 oranlarında Gadalanyum ile Yittriyum Nadir Toprak Elementi kullanılarak yeni bir alaşım oluşturulmuştur. Oluşan bu alaşıma 375 °C ekstrüzyon yapıldıktan sonra 400°C çok yönlü dövme işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alaşım bileşenlerinin mikroyapıdaki değişime etkisi ve bunların mekanik özelliklere etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada iri taneli bir yapıya sahip AZ31 döküm alaşımına ilave edilen nadir toprak elementleri ve uygulanan mekanik işlemlerin mikroyapıda etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Alaşımına ilave edilen Gd ve Y’un mikroyapıda (Mg,Al)3Gd ve Mg24Y5 gibi intermetalik fazların oluşumunu teşvik ederken tane boyutunda önemli bir azalmaya neden olmuştur. Alaşıma %0.5 Gd ve Y Nadir Toprak Elementlerinin ilavesiyle elde edilen numunelerin sertlik, akma ve çekme mukavemetlerinin diğer döküm ve %1 Gd ve Y ilavesiyle elde edilen değerlerden daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan döküm AZ31 alaşımına uygulanan mekanik işlemlerin tane boyutunu azalttığı ve mekanik özellikleri artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: AZ31, Gadolinyum, Yttriyum, Çok Yönlü Dövme, Ekstrüzyon</jats:p
Intensive care nurses' knowledge regarding medical device-related pressure injuries and factors affecting these: A descriptive and cross-sectional study
No full textNurses play a fundamental role in preventing, treating, and reducing the incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs). Therefore, assessing their level of knowledge on this subject is of utmost importance. The aim of this study is to determine intensive care nurses' levels of knowledge regarding medical device-related pressure injuries and factors affecting these.This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 156 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses between October 2023 and March 2024. Data were collected using the Nurses Information Form, Medical Device Related Pressure Injury Knowledge Assessment Test (MDRPI-KAT).The nurses had a mean score of 9.05 ± 2.54 on the MDRPI-KAT, indicating an overall correct answer percentage of 56.5 %. It was determined that nurses scored the highest in the sub-dimension of "Selection and Suitability of Medical Devices" (87.5 %) and the lowest in the sub-dimension of "Special Patient Groups" (29.5 %). The total MDRPI-KAT score for female nurses is 1.031 times higher than that of male nurses (B = 1.031, p = 0.013). Additionally, nurses with a high school, bachelor's, or postgraduate level of education have a higher total MDRPI-KAT score compared to those with an associate degree (β = 2.393, p = 0.003; β = 2.114, p = 0.005; β = 3.101, p = 0.001). Furthermore, the total MDRPI-KAT score of nurses who believe that a nursing care protocol is necessary for the prevention of MDRPIs is 1.309 times higher than that of those who do not consider it necessary.This study found that ICU nurses' knowledge regarding MDRPIs were insufficient. We identified gender, education level, and the perceived need for a nursing care protocol for the prevention of MDRPIs as variables that influence nurses' level of knowledge. To enhance nurses' knowledge about MDRPIs and ensure the provision of safe and high-quality skin care, we recommend that intensive care nurses receive continuous and practical training on MDRPIs. This should include innovative educational methods such as simulations and case analyses, as well as the organization of online courses and webinars
A New Approach Based on Metaheuristic Optimization Using Chaotic Functional Connectivity Matrices and Fractal Dimension Analysis for AI-Driven Detection of Orthodontic Growth and Development Stage
No full textAccurate identification of growth and development stages is critical for orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-treatment retention. While hand–wrist radiographs are the traditional gold standard, the associated radiation exposure necessitates alternative imaging methods. Lateral cephalometric radiographs, particularly the maturation stages of the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrae (C2, C3, and C4), have emerged as a promising alternative. However, the nonlinear dynamics of these images pose significant challenges for reliable detection. This study presents a novel approach that integrates chaotic functional connectivity (FC) matrices and fractal dimension analysis to address these challenges. The fractal dimensions of C2, C3, and C4 vertebrae were calculated from 945 lateral cephalometric radiographs using three methods: fast Fourier transform (FFT), box counting, and a pre-processed FFT variant. These results were used to construct chaotic FC matrices based on correlations between the calculated fractal dimensions. To effectively model the nonlinear dynamics, chaotic maps were generated, representing a significant advance over traditional methods. Feature selection was performed using a wrapper-based approach combining k-nearest neighbors (kNN) and the Puma optimization algorithm, which efficiently handles the chaotic and computationally complex nature of cervical vertebrae images. This selection minimized the number of features while maintaining high classification performance. The resulting AI-driven model was validated with 10-fold cross-validation and demonstrated high accuracy in identifying growth stages. Our results highlight the effectiveness of integrating chaotic FC matrices and AI in orthodontic practice. The proposed model, with its low computational complexity, successfully handles the nonlinear dynamics in C2, C3, and C4 vertebral images, enabling accurate detection of growth and developmental stages. This work represents a significant step in the detection of growth and development stages and provides a practical and effective solution for future orthodontic diagnosis.</jats:p
Tabi’în Dönemi Muhaddis Kadısı Yahyâ b. Saîd el-Ensârî’nin Hayatı (ö.143/760) ve Hadis İlmindeki Yeri
No full textSahâbî, tâbiîn ve etbâu’t-tâbiîn tabakaların yer aldığı hicrî ilk asırda çok sayıda öncü âlim yetişmiştir. Bu âlimler arasında en dikkat çekici isimlerden biri, çalışmamızın konusu olan tabîîn tabakasından Yahyâ b. Saîd el-Ensârî’dir. Yahyâ b. Saîd 143/760 yılında kadılık görevinde bulunduğu sırada Hâşimiyye’de vefat etmiştir. Tâbiîn döneminin en önemli âlimlerinden olan Yahyâ b. Saîd hadîs münekkitleri tarafından “sika, sebt, hüccet, esbetü’n-nâs, hafız” şeklinde ta’dîl edilmiştir. Emevî ve Abbâsîler döneminde yaşamış, Emevîler döneminde Medine kadılığı, Abbâsî zamanında ise Hâşimiyye kadılığı görevinde bulunmuştur. Enes b. Mâlik, Sâib b. Yezîd b. Saîd, Ebû Ümâme Esad b. Sehl gibi sahâbî ve genç tâbiînlerden hadîs almış, Fukahâ-i Seb’a’ya öğrencilik yapmış İmâm Mâlik, İmâm Ebû Yûsuf, Abdullah b. Mübârek, Süfyân es-Sevrî, Süfyân b. Uyeyne, İbn Cüreyc gibi öncü âlimler yetiştirmiş yaşadığı dönemin en önemli muhaddislerindendir. “Ameller niyetlere göredir” hadîsini pek çok kişiye naklederek daha önce fert olan bu hadîsi meşhur derecesine ulaştırmıştır. Bu çalışma, Yahyâ b. Saîd’in Kütüb-i Sitte çerçevesindeki rivayetlerini analiz etmekte ve bu rivayetlerin içerik ve sahîhlik açısından değerlendirmesini amaçlamaktadır.</jats:p
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Grape Seed Waste: Characterization of Bio-Char and Bio-Oil
No full textThe utilization of biomass waste for biofuel production through pyrolysis has emerged as a promising approach to combat global warming. This process enables the generation of bio-char, bio-oil, and bio-gas using a straightforward and cost-efficient method. Among the biomass residues in Turkey, grape seeds from the food processing industry offer considerable potential as an alternative energy source. This research explores the characteristics of bio-oil and bio-char produced from grape seed pyrolysis conducted in a nitrogen atmosphere (inert gas) at temperatures ranging from 500 to 800 °C. Additionally, the effects of Purmol CTX and Clinoptilolite catalysts on product yield and composition were examined in optimal experimental results. Results indicate that higher pyrolysis temperatures yield carbon-dense bio-chars with elevated heating values and minimal impurities, rendering them viable as solid biofuels. Meanwhile, the bio-oils consist of compounds such as phenols, alkanes, alkenes, alkyls, and acids, positioning them as eco-friendly candidates for sustainable biofuel applications.</jats:p