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Evaluation of the effect of narrative writing on the stress sources of the fathers of preterm neonates admitted to the NICU
No full textObjective: Identification of the nurses and fathers� understanding of the stress sources facilitates nursing interventions and increases parental satisfaction. Materials and methods: The quasi experimental study with pretest and posttest was administered to a sample size of 70 fathers with preterm neonates hospitalized in the NICUs of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences in 6 months. The Parental Stressor Scale (PSS) was used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results: Evaluation of the differences in the domains showed that narrative writing had significant effects on all three domains. The results showed that the highest stress reduction was observed in parents� relationship followed by infant behavior and appearance while the lowest stress reduction was observed in the sights and sounds in the intervention group. Conclusion: Narrative writing may be considered an efficient supportive intervention to reduce the fathers� stress, infant behavior and appearance in the NICUs. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings and effects on laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in area with high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: multi-center experience in Iran
No full textAim: The current study aimed to evaluate EGD findings effects on laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) plan and time in areas with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and Helicobacter pylori testing are routine parts of preoperative assessment of bariatric surgery at many centers Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of all patients underwent EGD and histopathological examination before laparoscopic RYGB in three gastroenterology centers in Iran between January 2018 and December 2020. Results In total, 637 patients (52.4 female) were enrolled, of which 46.8 had no abnormal mucosal appearance. In 1.7, surgery was canceled (gastric adenocarcinoma, gastric intestinal metaplasia, GIST, and esophageal varices). The prevalence of H. pylori was 61.5, and there was no statistical difference between groups of normal and abnormal EGD; however, surgery was postponed after H. pylori eradication in both groups. Overall, 44.4 of patients with esophagitis (any grade), peptic ulcer disease, erosive and non-erosive gastritis/duodenitis, and short segment Barret's esophagus needed medical management. Small- or medium-sized sliding hiatal hernias were seen in 18.7 of patients with no effect on surgery. Moreover, 88.8 of patients with normal mucosal appearance were asymptomatic, but 92.6 in the group with abnormal EGD were symptomatic (p=0.01). Changes in surgical plan and time occurred in 63.6, but after eliminating H. pylori eradication, it was 15.4. Conclusion: Considering gastric cancer and the high prevalence of H. pylori in Iran, using EGD and histopathological examination as an investigation in the preoperative assessment would have a significant impact on patients undergoing RYGB surgery. © 2022 RIGLD
Application of cereal-bran sourdoughs to enhance technological functionality of white wheat bread supplemented with pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) puree
No full textBread enrichment with fruits, vegetables and cereal brans as nutraceutical carriers is very crucial in the developing countries. In the present study, screening-based acidification activity was used to select lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the wheat bran sourdough (WBS). Then the screened LAB was identified and used as a sourdough starter culture. Subsequently, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the combined effects of pumpkin puree and different cereal bran sourdoughs including WBS, barley bran sourdough (BBS), and rice bran sourdough (RBS) fermented with the selected LAB isolate on quality characteristics of the white loaf bread. The results revealed that pumpkin puree and cereal-bran sourdoughs synergistically improved the textural and sensorial properties of the product. The formulation containing 20 pumpkin puree, 10 BBS, 7.67 RBS and 7 WBS was found as the optimum formulation for white loaf bread. In the optimum formulation the hardness, porosity, total color difference, phytic acid content, and overall acceptability were measured at 2.08 N, 36.55, 14.70, 180.50 (mg/100 g), and 3.81, respectively. Accordingly, the technological functionalities of the fortified bread were remarkably improved compare to the control sample. © 202
The Effectiveness of Laboratory Parameters in Predicting the in-Hospital Mortality of Iranian Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
No full textBackground: The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV (now SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and affected healthcare systems worldwide. Due to lack of long-term immunization and effective specific treatments for the COVID-19 disease, there is a need of identifying the patients who are at the risk of a fatal outcome, according to the available epidemiological data and laboratory parameters. Objective: Thus, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of epidemiological data and laboratory para-meters for in-hospital case fatality in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital of Ilam University of Medical Sciences from February 29 until March 29, 2020 was performed. Epidemiologic data and laboratory results were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of the laboratory parameters for in-hospital death. Results: A total of 256 Iranian COVID-19 patients were included in the evaluation; 38 of them died, resulting in a in-hospital case-fatality rate of 14.8. The univariate analysis showed that advanced age OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06, P=0.001, smoking OR=4.041, 95% CI: 1.546-10.563, P=0.004, white blood cells OR=0.941, 95% CI: 0.904-0.980, P =0.003 and hematocrit OR=1.060, 95% CI: 1.009-1.113, P=0.020 were positively associated with the risk of a fatal outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that COVID-19 patients with an elevated white blood cell count and elevated hemoglobin level had 1% and 9% greater risk of an in-hospital death for each elevated unit OR=1.07; 95 %CI: 1.024-1.088, P =0.002 and OR=1.379; 95% CI 0.064-1.788, P =0.015, respectively. Conclusions: An increase in white blood cell count and an increase in hemoglobin level might be indepen-dent risk factors for in-hospital death in Iranian patients with COVID-19. Further studies are necessary in order to conferm the prognostic value of the variables discussed
Leu226Trp CACNA1A variant associated with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with and without intellectual disability
No full textObjective: Epilepsy is a disease of Central Nervous System (CNS) characterized by abnormal brain activity and recurrent seizures and is considered a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. Here, we investigated pathogenic genetic alteration and described the clinical characteristics of three Iranian family members affected by Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE) with and without intellectual disability. Methods: A non-consanguineous Iranian family with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy was enrolled in the study. The comprehensive neurological evaluation included motor and sensory skills, vision, hearing, speech, coordination, and mood. Whole-exome Sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband to detect probable pathogenic variant, and after the filtering process, probable variants were evaluated with familial segregation analysis using Sanger sequencing. Results: Using WES, we identified a heterozygous missense substitution (NM023035.3:c.T677G:p.Leu226Trp) in CACNA1A gene in the studied family with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with and without intellectual disability and psychiatric phenotype. Considering the patients� clinical synopsis, familial segregation analysis, and literature review, we postulated this variant to be causative of the disease. Indeed, the resulting missense mutation of Leu226Trp affects a highly conserved residue supporting our hypothesis that this mutation is potentially pathogenic. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy related to CACNA1A gene. Our results provide evidence for expanding the clinical and molecular findings related to the CACNA1A gene. © 2022 Elsevier B.V
Quantification of Flavonoids in Alpinia officinarum Hance. via HPLC and Evaluation of its Cytotoxicity on Human Prostate Carcinoma (LNCaP) and Breast Carcinoma (MCF-7) Cells
No full textBackground: Various plant species have been shown to be effective in the prevention or adjuvant therapy of cancer. Alpinia officinarum and its main phytochemicals have also been the subject of several studies for their anti-cancer properties. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the extracts of A. officinarum to quantify flavonoids and to evaluate the growth inhibitory effects of the extracts on MCF-7 and LNCaP cells. Methods: A. officinarum aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts were analyzed by using High-Performance Liquid Chro-matography (HPLC) for the quantification of three flavonoid compounds. Then, MCF-7, LNCaP, and fibroblast cells were treated with several concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 µg/mL) of extracts (24, 48 and 72h). Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. Flow cytometry was conducted to evaluate apoptosis. Results: Galangin and kaempferol (3.85 and 1.57 mg/g dry extract) were quantified, respectively, in hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts using a validated method. The hydroalcoholic extract significantly decreased the viability of MCF-7 (IC50: 43.45µg/mL for 48h) and LNCaP cells (IC50: 168 µg/mL for 48h). The aqueous extract reduced cancer cell viability by more than 50 only at 200 and 400 µg/mL (72 h). Treatment of primary fibroblasts with both extracts showed no significant decrease in cell viability (25-100 µg/mL; 24 and 48h). The hydroalcoholic extract induced a significant increase in apoptotic cells in both MCF-7 and LNCaP cells. Conclusion: Obtained results demonstrated the cytotoxicity of A. officinarum through apoptosis induction in two cancer cell lines. Further investigations are required to determine the underlying apoptotic cell death mechanisms induced by A. officinarum in cancerous cells. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers
The concentration and health risk assessment of radionuclides in the muscle of tuna fish: A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textExposure to radionuclides, especially in food, can endanger the health of consumers. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed regarding the concentration of radionuclides in tuna fish muscle. International databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched to find articles regarding the concentration of radionuclides in tuna fish muscle from 1 January 2000 to 20 February 2021. The lowest and highest concentration of radionuclides was related to Caesium-137 (137Cs) and Potassium-40 (4 K), respectively. The rank order of radionuclides based on their pooled concentration was 4 K (370.157 Bq/kg) > 210Po Polonium-210 (26.312 Bq/kg) > 210Pb (5.339 Bq/kg) > 226Ra (4.005 Bq/kg) > 137Cs (0.415 Bq/kg). The health risk assessment based on annual effective dose indicates that consumers are at the safe range of health risk (H < 1 mSv/y). The continuous monitoring concentration of radionuclides in seafood and health risk assessment should be recommended. © 2021 Elsevier Lt
Sublethal doses of diazinon affected reproductive, immune, and oxidative status in female zebrafish (Danio rerio)
No full textDiazion is a common pesticide which cultured fish can be exposed. There is limited information available on the possible effects of diazinon on reproductive parameters of fish. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the effects of sub-lethal doses (0, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of diazinon, an organophosphate insecticide on sex hormones, ovarian morphology, reproductive, immunity, and antioxidant related genes, in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) after 30 days of treatment. The expression of reproductive-related genes (CYP19a, Vtg, and ERα) significantly decreased, while the expression of the immune (TNFα and Il-1β) and antioxidant (SOD and CAT) related genes increased considerably. Among sex steroids, only progesterone significantly decreased after the treatment with Diazinon sub-lethal doses, while 17-β estradiol and testosterone did not change. The ovarian morphology showed a decrease in oocyte development in diazinon-treated groups. Understanding the function and mechanism of action of diazinon on the female reproductive, immune, and oxidant status may provide new strategies to counteract its adverse effects. © 2021 The Author
PER3P1 pseudogene modulates PER3 oscillation: a new player in the molecular clock network
No full textThe circadian clock allows the body to coordinate physiology with the light and dark cycles of the day. One of the critical components of the molecular clock machinery is the PER family of circadian clock genes, including PER1, PER2, and PER3. The PER3P1 (or PER4) is the only molecular clock-related pseudogene that has been derived from the PER3 gene. Pseudogenes have an essential role in the regulation of gene expression. In this study, we investigated the PER3P1 fluctuations and their effects on the PER3 expression level. We hypothesized that the PER3P1 pseudogene suppresses clock-related miRNAs and positively affects clock genes levels. The results showed that PER3P1 and its parent gene had a corresponding oscillatory expression pattern. The overexpression of PER3P1 increased the mRNA level of PER3. In contrast, the downregulation of PER3 decreased PER3P1 expression. Furthermore, PER3P1 modulates the expression level of other clock genes, including PER1, PER2, CRY1, and CRY2. Our results suggest that the PER3P1 pseudogene may positively affect the PER3 and other clock-related gene expressions. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Recently Discovered Iranian Population of Rousettus leschenaultii (Chiroptera; Petropodidae), Highlighting the Essential Need for Taxonomic Expertise in Applied Medical Sciences
No full textBackground: Bats are potential reservoir hosts for vector-borne diseases that can transmit many bacterial and viral agents to humans. Fruit bats are considered reservoirs of many viruses and they are of major importance in the medical sciences for controlling and preventing vector-borne diseases. This study aimed to compare the morphological and genetic differences of two fruit bat species, Rousettus aegyptiacus and R. leschenaultii in Iran, implying anessential need for taxonomic expertise in applied medical sciences. Methods: In this experimental study, we collected and identified 26 specimens of bats belonging to two fruit bat species from the southeast of Iran. The morphological and genetic differences were characterized between recently recorded migratory fruit bat R. leschenaultii and the morphologically similar and resident R. aegyptiacus. The haplotype network was generated using the program POPART. The nucleotide variation and population differentiation were calculated in DNAsp. Furthermore, we considered additional records of 15 specimens from three widespread bat species in the north of Iran. Results: Morphological characterization of two fruit bat species showed R. aegyptiacus is larger than R. leschenaultii in morphometric variables except tail length (TL) for both sexes. The demographic analyses revealed that all haplotypes of R. leschenaulti formed a single haplogroup in the species' distributional range. In contrast, haplotypes of R. aegyptiacus were divided into five haplogroups respecting taxa/localities. The results represent a strong signature of population expansion for these two species of bats. Conclusion: Population of the fruit bats throughout their ranges in the Middle East may indicate an increased risk of the spread of viral agents over time. Therefore, precise identification of hosts and vectors in applied medical sciences is essential to conduct standard procedures. © 2022 by the authors