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The effect of cardiac rehabilitation on left and right ventricular function in post primary PCI patients
No full textObjective: Acute myocardial infarction is the most severe manifestation of coronary artery disease. Cardiac rehabilitation programs following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) assist patients to get back to their daily routine and can improve their cardiovascular health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation in patients after primary PCI on the left and right ventricular function. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patient who underwent primary PCI following myocardial infarction were included. Month after the PCI procedure, 5 sessions of cardiac rehabilitation program were performed based on the patient's symptoms and according to the diagnosis by cardiologist. The duration of each rehabilitation session started from 20 min in the first session and reached 60 min in the last session. Exercises included walking on a treadmill and pedaling a stationary bike with limbs. Ventricular function was assessed after primary PCI and after the rehabilitation program. Patients were followed up by telephone after one year of the rehabilitation program. Results: 30 patients were enrolled in the study, 23 of whom were male (76.7). Right ventricular function did not change after the cardiac rehabilitation program compared to before (p = 1.00). Left ventricular function significantly increased after rehabilitation (p = 0.003). Increased left ventricular function was significant only in males (p < 0.001). Cardiac rehabilitation program in people over 60 years did not change left ventricular function (p < 0.05). One year after the cardiac rehabilitation program, 3 patients (10) died. Conclusion: The findings of our study showed that the implementation of an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program improves left ventricular function in patients with myocardial infarction after primary PCI but does not affect right ventricular function. The findings also showed that cardiac rehabilitation program may be associated with the gender and the age of the patients. © 2022 The Author(s
A panel of blood-derived miRNAs with a stable expression pattern as a potential pan-cancer detection signature
No full textIntroduction: MicroRNAs have a significant role in the regulation of the transcriptome. Several miRNAs have been proposed as potential biomarkers in different malignancies. However, contradictory results have been reported on the capability of miRNA biomarkers in cancer detection. The human biological clock involves molecular mechanisms that regulate several genes over time. Therefore, the sampling time becomes one of the significant factors in gene expression studies. Method: In the present study, we have tried to find miRNAs with minimum fluctuation in expression levels at different time points that could be more accurate candidates as diagnostic biomarkers. The small RNA-seq raw data of ten healthy individuals across nine-time points were analyzed to identify miRNAs with stable expression. Results: We have found five oscillation patterns. The stable miRNAs were investigated in 779 small-RNA-seq datasets of eleven cancer types. All miRNAs with the highest differential expression were selected for further analysis. The selected miRNAs were explored for functional pathways. The predominantly enriched pathways were miRNA in cancer and the P53-signaling pathway. Finally, we have found seven miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-340-5p, and miR-421. These miRNAs showed minimum fluctuation in healthy blood and were dysregulated in the blood of eleven cancer types. Conclusion: We have found a signature of seven stable miRNAs which dysregulate in several cancer types and may serve as potential pan-cancer biomarkers. Copyright © 2022 Sabbaghian, Mussack, Kirchner, Bui, Kalani, Pfaffl and Golalipour
Prediction of Quality of Life Using Dermatology Life Quality Index in Iranian Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
No full textBackground: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a genetic condition most commonly characterized by the presence of dermal neurofibromas and café au lait macules, has a significant impact upon the Quality of Life (QoL). The purpose of this study is to predict the QoL with Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in Iranian patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 223 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 using available sampling. Data collection tools were demographic information form, SF-36 and DLQI questionnaires. Quality of life was predicted by DLQI. Linear and multiple regression tests were utilized to analyze the data. Results: Predicting the quality of life by dermatology quality of life showed that the physical function by the variable �work and school� and treatment, role limitations due to physical health by the variable of work and school, the role limitations due to emotional problems by the variable of treatment, emotional well-being by the variable of interpersonal relationships, pain by the variable of symptoms and feelings, daily activities, and personal relationships were predictable. Finally, social function, general health and fatigue cannot be predicted by any variable. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the quality of dermatology life is able to predict some aspects of quality of life. These findings can be used to provide better health services to this group of patients and improve their quality of life. Copyright © 2022, Journal of Iranian Medical Council. All rights reserved
Effect of Online Balint Group and Pharmacotherapy on COVID-19 Anxiety in Iranian Healthcare Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textBackground: Anxiety persists following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has caused dysfunction. Objectives: We compared the effect of the online Balint group and pharmacotherapy on COVID-19-induced anxiety in Iranian health-care workers (HCWs). Methods: In the current clinical trial in the north of Iran in 2021, the participants were randomly assigned to two groups, including the Balint group (eight 60-minute online sessions) and the pharmacotherapy group (sertraline), following a phone screening pro-cedure by a psychiatrist. The groups filled out two questionnaires, namely the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, at baseline and after the intervention (fourth week). Results: Forty-five HCWs were assessed. There was a significant difference in total anxiety score and also in sub-component in each group (P � 0.001). No significant differences were observed regarding the effectiveness of both interventions in anxiety (P = 0.52); however, the pharmacotherapy interventions significantly affected the resilience and related subscales (P � 0.05). The domain of spiritual influences significantly increased in the pharmacotherapy group (P = 0.031). Conclusions: Balint group and pharmacotherapy can improve COVID-19-induced anxiety and boost resilience in HCWs. © 2022, Author(s)
Developing erythromycin resistance gene by heavy metals, Pb, Zn, and Co, in aquatic ecosystems
No full textIndustrial development is the main cause of environmental pollution with various substances such as antibiotics and heavy metals. Many heavy metals with antimicrobial properties could contribute to antibiotic resistance and the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes due to the co-selection phenomenon. The aim of this study was to investigate the concurrent presence and correlation between several heavy metals and the erythromycin resistance genes in six aquatic ecosystems of Iran. Distribution and assessment of 11 erythromycin resistance genes were investigated using specific primers and online enrichment and triple-quadrupole LC�MS/MS. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy by Thermo electron corporation. Principal component analysis was performed to globally compare and to determine the similarities and differences among different aquatic ecosystems in different parts of the world in terms of the concentration of zinc and lead in their water. The results of the simple logistic regression analysis for the correlation between erythromycin resistance genes and heavy metals concentrations revealed the most significant correlation between erythromycin resistance genes and Pb concentration, followed by Co and Zn concentrations. © 2022, The Author(s)
The relation between serum levels of interleukin 10 and interferon-gamma with oral candidiasis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
No full textBackground: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common endocrine diseases that weakens the immune system. Candida albicans, is part of the natural oral flora and increases in cases of compromised immune systems. The exact cause of the increased prevalence of candidiasis in patients with T2DM is still unclear. The study aimed to correlate serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma cytokines (IFN-γ) with oral candidiasis in T2DM. Methods: In this case�control study, 81 patients with T2DM and 41 non-diabetic individuals aged 30 to 70 years participated. Demographic information, a Blood sample (for blood glucose and cytokine tests), and an oral cotton swab sample from each individual were obtained. The samples were then incubated in a Sabroud dextrose agar medium. Colony growth was calculated and the type of yeast species in individuals with oral candidiasis was identified by culture in CHROMagar Candida medium. IL-10 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA kit and the data were analyzed using SPSS-18. Results: An overall of 122 participants comprised 73.77 females and 26.22 males. An increase in interleukin-10 by 40 and a decrease in IFN-γ by 6 can increase oral candidiasis prevalence among diabetic patients. Candida albicans was the most prevalent Candida species (spp.) in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. The presence of oral candidiasis was not associated with HbA1c or FBS levels in both groups. Conclusion: In the diabetic population, an increase in IL-10 or a decrease in IFN-γ may be associated with an increased risk of oral candidiasis. © 2022, The Author(s)
Efficacy of rectal progesterone on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with Preterm Premature Rupture of membranes: A triple-blind randomised clinical trial
No full textObjectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of rectal progesterone suppositories on pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women diagnosed with PPROM at the gestational age of 26-34 weeks, as well as on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: This is a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in pregnant women with PROM with gestational age of 26-24 weeks, conducted between February 2020 and December 2020 in Sayyad Shirazi Hospital, Gorgan, Iran. Results: According to the results of the present study; Rectal progesterone suppository in pregnant women with PPROM is associated with improved delivery outcomes such as neonatal APGAR score, increased latent delivery stage without complications or severe and dangerous complications, without increased risk of mortality and NICU hospitalization in infants, so prescribing suppository rectal progesterone in pregnant women with PPROM with a gestational age of 26 to 34 weeks is associated with positive outcomes and is recommended based on the findings and opinions of the researchers. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study; Rectal progesterone suppository in pregnant women with PPROM is associated with improved delivery outcomes such as neonatal APGAR score, increased latent delivery stage without complications or severe and dangerous complications, without increased risk of mortality and NICU hospitalization in infants, so prescribing suppository rectal progesterone in pregnant women with PPROM with a gestational age of 26 to 34 weeks is associated with positive outcomes and is recommended based on the findings and opinions of the researchers. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
M eyerozyma guilliermondii species complex: review of current epidemiology, antifungal resistance, and mechanisms
No full textMeyerozyma guilliermondii has been accepted as a complex composed of Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Meyerozyma carpophila, and Meyerozyma caribbica. M. guilliermondii is a saprophyte detected on human mucosa and skin. It can lead to serious infections in patients with risk factors like chemotherapy, immunodeficiency, gastrointestinal or cardiovascular surgery, and oncology disorders. Most deaths related to M. guilliermondii infections occur in individuals with malignancy. In recent decades, incidence of M. guilliermondii infections is increased. Sensitivity of this microorganism to conventional antifungals (e.g., amphotericin B, fluconazole, micafungin and anidulafungin) was reduced. Prophylactic and empirical uses of these drugs are linked to elevated minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of M. guilliermondii. Drug resistance has concerned many researchers across the world. They are attempting to discover appropriate solution to combat this challenge. This study reviews the most important mechanisms of resistance to antifungals developed by in M. guilliermondii species complex. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia
Differentiation of Human Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Germ-Like Cells; emphasis on evaluation of Germ-long non-coding RNAs
No full textBackground: The proliferation and differentiation of stem cells into Germ-Like Cells (GLCs) is mediated by several growth factors and specific genes, of which some are related to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We have developed a modified differentiation process and identified a panel of GermlncRNAs related to GLCs. Methods: Human Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells were treated with 25 ng/ml Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-4 and 10� 5 M all-trans retinoic acid to differentiate them into germ-like cells. To confirm the differentiation, changes in the expression of Oct-4, C-kit, Stella, and Vasa genes were assessed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry. QPCR was also used before and after differentiation to evaluate the changes in a lncRNA panel, using a 96-well array. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by SPSS 21. Results: After 21 days of induction, the HWJ-MSCs derived germ-like cells were formed. Also, qPCR and immunocytochemistry showed that the pluripotent Oct4 marker was expressed in the undifferentiated HWJ-MSCs, but its expression gradually decreased in the differentiated cells. C-kit was expressed on days 7, 14, and 21 of differentiation. Both GLC markers of Stella and Vasa genes/proteins were present only in differentiated cells. Of the 44 lncRNA genes array, 36 of them showed an increase and eight genes showed a decrease. Conclusion: Our study showed that BMP4 and RA are effective in inducing HWJ-MSCs differentiation into GLCs. In addition, our study for the first time showed changes in the lncRNAs expression during the differentiation of HWJ-MSCs into GLCs by using BMP4 and RA. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V
Elaboration of Whey Protein-Based Films in Food Products: Emphasis on the Addition of Natural Edible Bio-nanocomposites With Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity
No full textFood spoilage is one of the major elements of food insecurity that has acquired significant attention over recent decades due to global human population growth. Several studies have investigated increasing shelf life of food products using natural and environmentally friendly compounds. Whey protein (WP) can be an important additive material because it is well-known for its high value of nutrition and well characteristics for the formation of edible films. Furthermore, natural bioactive compounds have been incorporated with WP-based films to confer their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Herein, nanotechnology has been effectively potentiated the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of WP films. A wide range of bioactive agents has been embedded in the WP films, such as essential oils (EOs), TiO2, nano-clay, and even lactic acid bacteria. The current paper reviews the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of different types of WP films and their applications in food products. This study also discussed the impact of WP films on shelf life, chemical and microbiological quality indices of meats, processed meats, poultry meat products, and fish. Copyright © 2021, Author(s)