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Unusual presentation of oral dlbcl resembling a canine fossa abscess
No full textThis report aims to describe a unique case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma originating from the oral cavity, which presented with symptoms mimicking a canine fossa abscess. It emphasizes the importance of accurate differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A 64-year-old female patient visited the authors' clinic with a painful swelling in the left anterior region of the maxilla, persisting for 1 month. Initially, an abscess drainage procedure was performed, accompanied by extraction of the maxillary left canine and parenteral antibiotherapy. However, no improvement was observed during the follow-up appointment after 3 days. An incisional biopsy was then conducted under local anesthesia, leading to a histopathologic diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient is currently under the care of the hematology department and receiving maintenance chemotherapy. Lymphomas occurring in the oral cavity are uncommon and may exhibit non-specific clinical features that resemble benign oral and dental conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive clinical evaluation is necessary to achieve an early and accurate diagnosis, with histopathologic examination being essential for suspicious lesions
Xse-tomatonet: an explainable ai based tomato leaf disease classification method using efficientnetb0 with squeeze-and-excitation blocks and multi-scale feature fusion
No full textTomatoes are globally valued for their nutritional benefits and unique taste, playing a crucial role in agricultural productivity. Accurate diagnosis of tomato leaf diseases is vital to avoid ineffective treatments that can harm plants and ecosystems. While deep learning models excel in classifying these diseases, distinguishing subtle variations remains challenging. This study introduces XSE-TomatoNet, an enhanced version of EfficientNetB0, incorporating Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and multi-scale feature fusion to boost classification performance. XSE-TomatoNet extracts multi-scale features, refines them with SE blocks, and merges them through Global Average Pooling, providing detailed and broad insights for precise disease classification. Our approach achieves an impressive accuracy of 99.11%, with 99% precision and recall, outperforming models like MobileNet and VGG19, especially when combined with data augmentation and ablation studies. The model achieved an average training accuracy of 99.41% and a validation accuracy of 98.88% in 10-fold cross-validation, showing strong generalization to unseen data. We also used LIME and SHAP for model interpretability, offering insights into the decision-making process, and employed Grad-CAM and Grad-CAM++ to visually highlight key areas in leaf images. Finally, the best model was integrated into a web-based system for practical use by tomato cultivators. • XSE-TomatoNet is an enhanced version of EfficientNetB0 which incorporates Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and multi-scale feature fusion. • XSE-TomatoNet outperformed MobileNet (87.44%) and VGG-19 (95.50%), in terms of accuracy, achieving 99.41%. • Integration of interpretation using LIME and SHAP models gives higher level understanding of the diseases and employment of Grad-CAM and Grad-CAM++ shows visual representation of the diseased leaves
Wide-based columellar strut graft a novel boost for enhanced nasal tip support in ethnic and revision rhinoplasty
No full textBackground: Adequate nasal tip support is crucial for achieving both aesthetic and functional outcomes in rhinoplasty. This study introduces a wide-based columellar strut graft (WB-columellar strut graft) as a new modification to provide enhanced support for the nasal tip, especially in challenging ethnic and revision rhinoplasty cases. Objective: To present and evaluate the effectiveness of the WB-columellar strut graft in providing sufficient nasal tip support and achieving satisfactory aesthetic outcomes in patients with ethnic noses, Asian noses, and revision rhinoplasty cases presenting with weak caudal septum or anterior nasal spine. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 patients, aged between 17 and 48, were included in this study. Of these, 11 were revision cases, 12 had ethnic noses, and nine had Asian noses. The technique involved preparing a WB-columellar strut graft in two different ways according to the need of particular case. WB-columellar strut graft-1: Constructed from either costal or septal cartilage, with a widened columellar base using bilateral grafts and a columellar strut graft. WB-columellar strut graft-2: Exclusively from costal cartilage, featuring a groove on the anterior surface for insertion of a columellar strut graft to form a wide-based structure. The grafts were applied to provide robust support in cases, where the caudal septum and spine were excessively resected. Results: In 25 patients, the graft was prepared from costal cartilage, while in seven patients it was from septal cartilage. The WB-columellar strut graft-1 modification was used in 22 patients, and the WB-columellar strut graft-2 in 10 patients. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 24 months, with only one case requiring a mini-revision due to visible tip graft. No significant complications were reported in other patients. Conclusion: The WB-columellar strut graft is an effective boost for enhancing nasal tip support in ethnic and revision rhinoplasty cases. It provides a more robust structural foundation, leading to long-lasting and satisfactory aesthetic results. This technique is particularly beneficial for patients with retracted caudal septum and weak anterior nasal spine, providing improved nasal tip projection and rotation. Level of Evidence IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266
Analyzing blockchain-based waste management investments in smart cities using quantum picture fuzzy rough modelling
No full textBlockchain-based waste management investments are key to increase the performance for achieving sustainable growth for both businesses and the country's economy. In this context, a new study should be conducted to identify the most important variables. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to examine blockchain-based waste management investments via a novel model. The scope of this study is the smart cities that are defined as settlements that aim to improve the quality of life and ensure sustainability by using technology to manage and improve services. Firstly, artificial intelligence (AI) methodology is taken into consideration to compute the weights of the experts. Secondly, the weights of the criteria for blockchain-based waste management investments are computed. Finally, selected investment alternatives for smart cities are ranked with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methodology. Additionally, a comparative analysis is also performed by technique for order preference by similarity (TOPSIS). In addition to this issue, a sensitivity analysis is also conducted with four different cases to check the coherency of the analysis results. The main contribution of this study is the calculation of the expert weights by AI. It is identified that participating in waste to energy schemes has the greatest significance. Similarly, optimizing the lifecycle management has also high weight. It is also defined that integration of physical and digital infrastructures is the most critical alternative. Moreover, urban innovativeness is another critical factor for this situation
Umbilical hernia with uncommon content; herniated paraumbilical collateral veins
No full textA 56-year-old man patient with umbilical hernia and abdominal pain was referred to our hospital for interventional and surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient had a history of alcohol-related chronic liver disease. There was history of vomiting, nausea and weight loss over the past 3 months. On physical examination, the liver was detected by palpation in 5 cm below the costal margin. There was mild tenderness over his right hypochondriac region. During his physical examination, an umbilical hernia was noted. Biochemical analysis revealed an elevated level of liver enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 77 IU/L (normal 19–33); aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 77 IU/L (normal 15–35)], moderate decreased level of serum albumin [albumin 26 g/L (normal 35–50)], and normal level of bilirubin
Post-earthquake network restoration statistical seismic road closure prediction and efficient mdru routing
No full textPost-earthquake scenarios have brought connectivity challenges to the forefront of research in recent years. Particularly, the randomness and large-scale of road and telecom network infrastructure damage within the aftermath hinders communications coverage restoration during the most critical hours when lives are at stake. This paper proposes a seismic-based post-earthquake city and cellular network model to statistically predict the status of road closures and base station failures based on fundamental earthquake measurements. The presented model considers a generic Manhattan grid-based city model, with buildings featuring random heights. In addition, it quantifies the probability of building collapse and the consequent probability of road closure which accounts for the random debris nature. Moreover, the model accounts for the dependencies between the debris width, height, and the relative location with respect to the earthquake epicenter. Furthermore, a routing algorithm for movable and deployable resource units (MDRUs) that exploits the derived statistical model is proposed to ensure that MDRUs are efficiently deployed and connectivity is restored swiftly. The proposed routing algorithm is extensively tested over a large set of simulation scenarios depicting different earthquake magnitudes and was shown to provide up to 31% traveling time reduction compared to a blind distance-based approach. Finally, the conducted simulations showed the effectiveness of the proposed MDRUs deployment approach in restoring the communications coverage from a signal-to-interference plus noise ratio perspective in the majority of the considered locations
Interference burden in wireless communications: a comprehensive survey from phy layer perspective
No full textInterference represents one of the most common barriers for the wireless communications society to bring the fully connected world to life, where everybody and everything is connected at any time, aiming to support a wide range of services and applications with increasing demand in terms of data rate with a higher degree of reliability and security, while keeping an affordable overall system capacity, complexity, and latency. Essentially, interference clearly explains the primitive nature of the wireless communications systems, where there is always an unwanted physical signal that disrupts the communication link, occurring from the physical layer (PHY) architecture of transmission signal, its interaction with the wireless channel and transceiver architecture in particular. Therefore, in past wireless technologies, waveform design along with wireless channel impairments and handset architecture define the main sources of interference, leading to inter-symbol interference (ISI), inter-carrier interference (ICI) and co-channel interference (CCI) types. In this line, recent advances in wireless technologies have revealed unprecedented interference types including inter-numerology interference (INI), inter-antenna interference (IAI), inter-waveform interference (IWI), cross-link interference (CLI) and inter-Doppler interference (IDI), while additional unique interference types are expected in near future. Consequently, a broader view of the interference has become a crucial need in order to avoid and relax its impact towards beyond 5G radio access technologies. Despite the extensive research in the literature performed by academia and industry, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no work that provides a comprehensive taxonomy framework of interference sources and types, and a review of management techniques from the perspective of the PHY layer. This work aims to fill this gap in the literature. With this notation, in this survey, we propose an intuitive, generic, and expandable framework that categorizes the interference sources and their corresponding management solutions. In particular, we split the interference sources into two main groups by taking into account the user of interest such as self-user-interference (SUI) and other-user-interference (OUI), which we further classify considering the user's intention about the presence of interference named intentional SUI (I-SUI), unintentional SUI (U-SUI), intentional OUI (I-OUI), and unintentional OUI (U-OUI). In line with this, we offer a classification of the interference management techniques regarding the source of interference. Lastly, the survey presents open research perspectives for beyond 5G wireless systems and concluding remarks
The effect of black chokeberry (aronia melanocarpa) on human inflammation biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
No full textContext: Consuming antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with potential benefits in managing chronic diseases by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of Aronia melanocarpa (aronia berry or chokeberry) on human inflammation biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes. Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies investigating the potential effects of aronia on human inflammation biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes between April 2022 and November 2023. Data Extraction: The selection of studies followed the PRISMA guidelines, data screening was conducted by 4 independent reviewers, and data extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were performed by 2 independent reviewers using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Data Analysis: A total of 1986 studies were screened, and 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in a systematic review that investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of aronia on various health parameters. These studies primarily focused on the effects of aronia on cardiometabolic diseases, performance in sport, and other health parameters. Conclusions: This study examined the effects of Aronia intervention on human health outcomes using aronia juice, extract, or oven-dried powder for a period of 4 to 13 weeks. The primary health parameters considered were C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The results showed that aronia had a beneficial effect on several inflammatory cytokines, including reductions in CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations, as well as elevated IL-10 levels. Moreover, positive changes have been observed in antioxidant enzyme systems, including; elevated SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activity. The findings of the presented studies provide evidence that Aronia melanocarpa may have beneficial effects on inflammatory markers. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022325633
Quadro-iliac plane block for lumbar multi-level instrumentation surgery: far away from the surgical area
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Ameliorative effects of edaravone against valproic acid-induced kidney damage
No full textValproic acid (VPA) is a well-known and increasingly documented antiepileptic drug that has been widely used in the treatment of epilepsy and/or epilepsy-related disorders. Prolonged clinical use of VPA has been reported to cause side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Edaravone (EDA) is a powerful free radical scavenger. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effects of EDA against VPA-induced oxidative renal injury. Four experimental groups were formed by randomly assigning thirty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats. The first group, (Control Group, n = 8), consisted of healthy rats. The second group, (Group II, n = 10), comprised control rats given intraperitoneally EDA (30 mg/kg/day) for seven days. The third group (Group III, n = 10) was administered intraperitoneally only VPA (500 mg/kg/day) for seven days. The last group (Group IV, n = 10) was treated with VPA + EDA for seven days. On the 8th day, kidney tissues were immediately removed from rats. In kidney homogenates, reduced glutathione levels and Na/K+-ATPase, paraoxonase1 and prolidase activities were remarkably decreased while catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, myeloperoxidase, and xanthine oxidase activities and lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, advanced oxidized protein products, and hydroxyproline contents were notably elevated in VPA given group. Consistently, administration of EDA decreased renal degenerative changes seen in the kidney tissue of VPA given rats. Treatment with EDA in the VPA group significantly resulted in the recovery of both biochemical and histopathological alterations. As a result, EDA is potentially beneficial to revert oxidative renal damage induced by VPA.Research Fund from Istanbul Universit