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Effects of orthodontic treatment and premolar extractions on the mandibular third molars
No full textBackground: The space available for an unerupted mandibular third may depend on the choice of premolar extracted.Aims: To investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment and premolar extractions on the inclinations of the mandibular third molars and the space available for their eruption, and to compare these changes with a nonextraction group.Methods: The pre- and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 54 subjects (20 males, 34 females) were used. Eighteen of these subjects had the four first premolars extracted, 16 subjects had four second premolars extracted and 20 subjects were treated nonextraction. Changes in the inclinations and spaces available for the unerupted third molars were compared.Results: In the nonextraction group the third molars uprighted approximately 1 degree and in the second premolar extraction group the third molars uprighted 10 degrees. The spaces available for the third molars increased significantly in the first and second premolar extraction groups as compared with the space available in the nonextraction group.Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment and extraction of the second premolars improved the inclinations of unerupted third molars and the space available for their eruption into the arch. The changes in inclination and eruption space were less marked following first premolar extractions. (Aust Orthod 2010; 26: 160-164
Retrospective analysis of surnumerary molars: A clinical and radiological study
Full text linkAmaç: Literatürde sürnümerer molar dişler ile ilgiliçalışmalar az sayıdadır. Bu çalışma 31 hastadagözlenen 41 adet sürnümerer molar dişin klinik veradyolojik özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sürnümerer molardişi olan 31 hastada (9 erkek, 22 kadın) saptanan 41adet sürnümerer molar diş incelendi. Olguların yaşı,cinsiyeti, dişlerin unilateral yada bilateral oluşu,lokalizasyonları, şekli, sürme durumları ve ilişkilipatolojiler incelendi.Bulgular: Lokalizasyonlarına göre değerlendirildiğinde, maksillada 37(%90.2), mandibulada ise 4 (%0.8) adet sürnümerer molar diş görüldü. 41 adetsürnümerer dişin 27(%65.8)’sinin distomolar (16(%59.3) simetrik ve bilateral, 11(% 40.7) unilateral),14(% 34.2)’ ünün paramolar diş (4(% 28.6) simetrikve bilateral, 10(% 71.4) unilateral) olduğu bulundu.Sonuç: Sürnümerer molar dişler komşu dişlerdesürme bozukluğu, çürük, kök rezorpsiyonu, kistformasyonu gibi patolojilere neden olabilmektedir. Buyüzden dikkatli bir klinik ve radyolojik inceleme ileerken teşhis edilmeleri, ilişkili komplikasyonlarınönlenmesi bakımından önemlidir.Purpose: There are a few studies focused onsurnumerary molar teeth in the literature. The presentstudy was done with the aim to analyse the clinicaland radiological features of 41 surnumerary molarteeth in 31 patients.Material and Methods: In this study 31 patients (9male, 22 female) who had 41 surnumerary molarteeth were evaluated. The age and sex of the cases,unilateral or bilateral occurrence, localizations, shape,eruption state and associated pathologies wereassessed.Results: Of the surnumerary molar teeth, 37(90.2%) were in maxilla and 4 (0.8%) were inmandible. Among the total 41 surnumerary molars, 27(65.8%) were found to be distomolar (16 (59%)bilateral, 11 (41%) unilateral), and 14(34.2%)paramolar teeth (4 (28.6%) bilateral, 10 (71.4%)unilateral).Conclusion: Surnumerary molar teeth may causepathologies such as eruption disturbance, caries, rootresorption, cyst formation. Therefore, early diagnosiswith careful examination is important to preventassociated complications
The impact of western physicians on the modernization of Turkish surgery and medicine, 1827-1936
No full textEfforts of modernizing the Ottoman Empire and society started during the 19th century. Initially reforms have been limited by institutions such as the armed forces, faculty of engineering and medicine. For this reason, a large number of western physicians invited to state to take prestigious positions in its few existing medical schools and other state establishments, in particular help with reforming its higher education. After the establishment of young Turkish Republic, western forms of science, medicine, art and literature penetrated the culture and continued to flourish. This article brings to light the efforts of these surgeons, and physicians and tells about their contributions to surgery and medicine in Turkey
Effects of short-term streptozotocin-induced diabetes and vitamin C on platelet non-enzymatic glycation
Full text linkWOS: 000208041000004PubMed ID: 21252478Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic syndromes worldwide. Glycation, a chemical modification of proteins with reducing sugars, indicates a possible explanation for the association between hyperglycemia and the wide variety of tissue pathologies. Non-enzymatic glycation (NEG) of platelet proteins is one of the key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and may be significant in diabetic atherothrombosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced short-term experimental diabetes on the glycation of platelets and to find out if vitamin C affected this glycation. A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats, 200-250 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (2 diabetic and 2 control groups). The diabetic groups were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg, citrate buffer pH 4.5). By daily intraperitoneal injection, 80 mg/kg vitamin C (Roche, Turkey) was administered until the end of the experiment. Blood glucose levels of the diabetic groups were significantly higher than those at day 0 and also higher than those of the non-diabetic control groups. The changes in total protein, NEG and vitamin C levels were not statistically significant. Although the differences among the groups were not statistically significant, vitamin C administration increased NEG levels in the diabetic group. The results of this study demonstrate that 8 days of STZ-induced short-term diabetes did not cause a significant increase in NEG of platelets. However, the effect of vitamin C on platelet NEG needs to be further investigated