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Investigating the impact of drug delivery systems on the efficacy of EMLA cream for palatine anesthesia in children aged 7 to 11 years.
Get PDFBackground & Aim: This research aims to find alternatives to the traditional painful palatine local injection used during the extraction of upper temporary teeth. The study seeks to enhance the effectiveness of EMLA cream over a suitable duration for child response (3 minutes) by utilizing drug delivery systems, including a permeability enhancer (DMSO), oral patches, and microneedle patches for palatine injections while using only lidocaine injections from the vestibular side.
Materials and Methods: The research sample consisted of 75 children, who were
randomly divided into five groups of 15 children each. The studied material or method was applied to each group as follows:
Group 1: (Conventional local palatine injection (control group)).
Group 2: (EMLA cream only).
Group 3: (Chemical permeability enhancer DMSO with EMLA cream).
Group 4: (Oral patches with EMLA Cream).
Group 5: (Microneedle patches dissolved with EMLA Cream).
Physiological scales were utilized to assess pain in the study. A pulse oximeter was employed to measure heart rate and oxygen saturation at different stages of the procedure (application, probing, and extraction) across the various groups being studied.
Results: The findings revealed that, at a 95% confidence level, there were no statistically significant differences in the average changes in oxygen saturation among the groups at any of the stages analyzed. Additionally, during the extraction phase, no significant differences were found in the average changes in heart rate between the research groups. However, for the other stages (application and probing), the significance level was found to be less than 0.05.
Conclusion: Both conventional palatal injections and extractions are generally painful procedures. By incorporating drug delivery systems, we can enhance the efficiency and comfort of the procedure for children
Discours institutionnel dans l’espace universitaire marocain : De la réforme à la transformation
No full textThe Moroccan university has undergone successive reforms targeting the architecture of training, curricula and teaching practices. Each time, a different discourse is used to give a new breath to the desired change. In 2021, the university space is hosting a program to accelerate the transformation of the ecosystem, known as the ESRI 2030 Pact. Discursively, each departmental initiative is presided over by new concepts that reflect the directions advocated by decision makers in the sector
Le numérique en administration pédagogique des écoles : État des lieux, impacts et défis. Cas de la Direction Provinciale d’Ouarzazate
No full textThis article attempts to explore the subject of the digitalization of school administration. The digitization of the sector was initiated by the Minister of Education already ten years ago through the implementation of digital systems available to school administrators. We are wondering here about the probable existence of a link between the digitalization of the school administration system and student’s learning. the question we asked is: To what extent does the digitalisation put in place relate to student’s learning ?
to answer this question, we have opted for a practical exploratory approach in order to provide elements of clarification on this subject. The exploration is based on the tool of the digital questionnaire bearing on the state, the challenges encountered, the felt needs and the educational uses of the digital systems available.
Through our study, we want to test the possibility of forging a direct link between the use of current digital systems and the optimization of student learning, which is the main mission of the school
The Aesthetic of Buildings’ Envelope and its Effect on Social Consciousness
Get PDFBuildings have been part of human life and community development since ancient times. With the advancement of architecture technology, building designs, especially building envelopes have evolved with various design features. These elements have its own influence of the user perspective in terms of social consciousness. Thus, this paper has presented a brief overview of the aesthetics of building’s envelope and its effect on social consciousness. This paper begins with the brief introduction of building envelopes and how it functions, Next, the paper discusses the characteristics of building envelopes. Next, the paper has presented the common materials used as building façade or building envelop. In addition, this work has adopted survey method to analyse the effect of building envelop on social consciousness. The survey was carried out with 40 respondents. The comparison was made between Kings Road Tower and Beach Tower at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The key findings have shown that that most people like King Road Tower over the Beach Tower due to its creativity in design
Effect of the Multi-Elements on the Aerodynamic Performance of Airfoil
Get PDFThe design of an airfoil in the wind turbine and optimizing the blades is fundamental in a wind turbine aerodynamic performance. In this paper, the effect of the multiple multi-elements on the aerodynamic performance of airfoil is investigated. These multi-element configurations are expected to offer better performance of the wind turbine by maximizing the lift and drag coefficients. Based on the case studies analysis, the multi-elements have shown that the modified design results in high values of the power coefficient at low-speed ratios. This effect is attributed to the cancelation of the negative torque on the turbine rotor observed at some azimuthal angles of the turbine rotor. The results from the case studies stated that the change in optimal shape mainly comes from the variation in lift coefficient and attack angle corresponding to the highest lift-to-drag ratio. Furthermore, The aerodynamic configurations of the multi-elements can help in increasing the efficiency of a wind turbine
La didactique des langues à l\u27ère de l’intelligence artificielle : opportunités, menaces et défis
No full textThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into language learning represents a real revolution compared to traditional software. With its ability to process large quantities of data, offer personalized lessons and instante correction and automate educational tasks, AI is changing the way we teach and learn. AI-driven language apps make learning more interactive, immersive and flexible for learners and less laborious and time-consuming for teachers. However, this innovation raises many concerns because it could not only hinder human interactions and socialization of learners but also perpetuate educational inequalities due to the digital divide. It is therefore essential to find the right balance between learning autonomy and human interactions. Furthermore, algorithmic biases could compromise the content of language applications and thus reinforce discrimination or even propagate cultural and racial prejudices. Likewise, the training data that feeds algorithms could favor, unconsciously or deliberately, a particular culture over other cultures. In summary, despite the many possibilities offered by AI in language learning, a holistic assessment of the opportunities and threats of its implementation is necessary to ensure equitable and ethical education
إدارة الصراع التنظيمي وعلاقتها بالإبداع الإداري
Get PDFهدف البحث تعرف مستوى إدارة الصراع التنظيمي والإبداع الإداري في مدارس التعليم الثانوي في محافظة اللاذقية من وجهة نظر المديرين، ودراسة العلاقة بين إدارة الصراع التنظيمي والإبداع. وتعرف الفروق بين متوسطات درجات العينة على الاستبانة تبعاً لمتغيري عدد سنوات الخبرة والمؤهل العلمي، واستخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتكونت العينة من (150) مديراً ومديرة من مديري المدارس الثانوية في محافظة اللاذقية، واستخدمت استبانة مكونة من (24) بنداً موزعة في محورين، وتوصل البحث إلى أن مستوى إدارة الصراع التنظيمي والإبداع الإداري في مدارس المرحلة الثانوية في محافظة اللاذقية من وجهة نظر المديرين كان متوسطاً. وتوجد علاقة طردية قوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إدارة الصراع التنظيمي والإبداع الإداري، وتوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات درجات العينة على الاستبانة تبعاً لمتغير عدد سنوات الخبرة لصالح ذوي سنوات الخبرة الأكثر (أكثر من 10 سنوات)، وتبعاً لمتغير المؤهل العلمي لصالح المؤهل العلمي الأعلى (دراسات عليا). أوصى الباحثون بتنظيم دورات تدريبية وورش عمل للمديرين حول أساليب إدارة الصراع بفعالية وتنمية الإبداع الإداري، وحول أساليب تحفيز التفكير النقدي وإيجاد حلول مبتكرة للتحديات
The article aimed to identify the level of organizational conflict management and administrative creativity in secondary schools in Latakia Governorate from the perspective of principals, and to investigate the relationship between organizational conflict management and creativity. The differences in the average scores of the sample on the questionnaire were identified according to the variables of years of experience and academic qualification. The descriptive analytical method was used. The sample consisted of 150 male and female principals of secondary schools in Latakia Governorate. A questionnaire consisting of 24 items distributed in two axes was used, and it concluded the research concluded that the level of organizational conflict management and administrative creativity in secondary schools in Latakia Governorate, from the point of view of principals, was average. There is a strong, statistically significant direct relationship between organizational conflict management and administrative creativity, and there are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample on the questionnaire according to the number of years of experience variable in favor of those with more years of experience (more than 10 years), and according to the academic qualification variable in favor of the highest academic qualification. (Postgraduate studies). The authors recommend organizing training courses and workshops for managers on methods of managing conflict effectively and developing administrative creativity, and on methods of stimulating critical thinking and finding innovative solutions to challenge
انعكاس التعديلات الدستورية لعامي 2011 و2022 على السلطات العامة في النظام الدستوري الأردني
No full textهدفت الدراسة الموسومة بــ انعكاس التعديلات الدستورية لعامي 2011 و2022 على السلطات العامة في النظام الدستوري الأردني ، إلى تسليط الضوء على التعديلات الدستورية التي طرأت على الدستور الأردني للأعوام (2011-2022)، وبيان أبرز التعديلات التي أثرت على السلطة التشريعية، والسلطة التنفيذية، والسلطة القضائية، والتحقق من مدى انعكاس تلك التعديلات إيجاباً أم سلباً على دور السلطات العامة في النظام الدستوري الأردني. ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف تم اتباع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمنهج المقارن. وانطلقت الدراسة من فرضية أساسية مفادها أن: التعديلات على الدستور الأردني للأعوام 2011-2022 قد أثرت بشكلٍ جلي على السلطات العامة في النظام الدستوري الأردني ، حيث تم التحقق من صحة هذه الفرضية، إذ تبيّن أن هذا الانعكاس كان إيجابياً تارةً، وكان سلبياً تارةً أخرى؛ إذ إنه على الرغم من أن التعديلات الدستورية قد أنهت جزءاً من هيمنة السلطة التنفيذية، إلا أنها غير كافية ولم تحقق الطموحات المطلوبة. وعلى ذلك، تمت التوصية بإعادة النظر بالنصوص الدستورية الخاصة بصلاحيات السلطة التنفيذية وإجراء تعديلات عليها انسجاماً مع مبدأ الفصل بين السلطات، وأن تكون تعديلاته على فترات زمنية متباعدة؛ فالدستور هو قمة السلم التشريعي الذي يجب أن يكون مصوناً من التعديل بشكلٍ متكرر، وأن لا يخضع للمراجعة إلا للضرورة القصوى.
This study, addressed “The Reflection of the Constitutional Amendments of 2011 and 2022 on Public Authorities in Jordan’s Constitutional Regulation”, aimed at sheding light on the constitutional amendments that occurred to the Jordanian Constitution for the years (2011-2022), to explaining the most prominent amendments that affected the legislative authority, the executive authority, and the judicial authority, and verifying the extent to which these amendments reflect positively or negatively on the role of public authorities in the Jordanian constitutional regulaions. To achieve these goals, the descriptive, analytical and comparative approaches were used. The study was based on a main hypothesis stated that: “The amendments to the Jordanian Constitution for the years 2011-2022 have clearly affected the public authorities in the Jordanian constitutional system”. The validity of this hypothesis was verified, as it turned out that this impact was sometimes positive and sometimes negative; Although the constitutional amendments have ended part of the hegemony of the executive authority, they are insufficient and have not achieved the required ambitions. Accordingly, it was recommended to reconsider the constitutional texts related to the powers of the executive authority and make amendments to them in line with the principle of separation of powers, and that its amendments be made over long periods of time. The constitution is the pinnacle of the legislative ladder, which must be protected from frequent amendment and not subject to review except when absolutely necessary
جوانب استقلالية مدقق الحسابات في الشركات المساهمة العامة ومسؤوليته في التشريع الأردني والعماني
No full textهدفت هذه الدراسة لتناول جوانب استقلالية مدقق الحسابات في الشركات المساهمة العامة ومسؤوليته في التشريع الأردني والعماني إلى تحقيق مجموعة من الأهداف الرئيسة، التي تسعى إلى تعزيز الشفافية والمصداقية في التقارير المالية للشركات، وحماية حقوق المساهمين والمستثمرين من خلال تحليل ودراسة النصوص القانونية في التشريعين الأردني والعماني المتعلقة باستقلالية مدقق الحسابات ومسؤوليته وتقييم مدى كفاية وفعالية هذه النصوص في ضمان استقلالية المدقق وحماية حقوق المساهمين. ومن أهم النتائج تمثلت بأنه من أجل تعزيز استقلالية مدقق الحسابات حصر قانون الشركات الأردني عزل المدقق في حالتين، وهما: إفشاء أسرار الشركة والمضاربة بأسهم الشركة التي يدقق حساباتها، لكي لا يفسح المجال لأي مشكله لعزل المدقق. بينما لم يرد في قانون الشركات العماني نصاً يتضمن الجهة التي يحق لها عزل مدقق الحسابات. أما أهم التوصيات فتمثلت بضرورة قيام المشرع العماني بالنص بشكل صريح على طرق إنهاء خدمات مدقق الحسابات سواء بالعزل أو تقديم استقالته من مهنة تدقيق الحسابات في الشركات المساهمة وذلك دعماً لاستقلاليته وكذلك حمايةً لحقوق المساهمين ووضع الشركة.
This study aimed to address aspects of the auditor\u27s independence and responsibility in Jordanian and Omani legislation to achieve a range of key objectives. s financial reports, which seek to enhance transparency and credibility in corporate financial reporting, Protecting shareholders\u27 and investors\u27 rights by analysing and examining legal texts in Jordanian and Omani legislation relating to the independence and responsibility of the auditor and assessing the adequacy and effectiveness of such texts in ensuring the independence of the auditor and protecting shareholders\u27 rights. One of the most important findings was that to strengthen the independence of the auditor, the Jordanian Companies Act limited the auditor\u27s dismissal to two cases: disclosure of the company\u27s secrets and speculation of the shares of the company that audit its accounts, so as not to allow for any problem of isolation of the auditor. However, there is no provision in the Omani Companies Act to include the person entitled to dismiss the auditor. The most important recommendations were that the Omani legislator should explicitly provide for ways of terminating the auditor\u27s services, whether by isolating or resigning from the auditing profession of the joint stock companies, in support of his independence, as well as to protect shareholders\u27 rights and the status of the company
درجة تطبيق مبادئ الجودة الشاملة في المدارس الحكومية في لواء قصبة مادبا في الأردن من وجهة نظر المعلمين ومساعدي المديرين
No full textهدف المقال تعرف درجة تطبيق مبادئ الجودة الشاملة في المدارس الحكومية في قصبة لواء مادبا في الأردن، وقد تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي لملاءمته أغراض الدراسة. حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (320) معلما ومعلمة ومساعد ومساعدة مدير أو مديرة في مدارس قصبة لواء مادبا الحكومية. وقد تم الاعتماد على الاستبانة في جمع البيانات. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة تطبيق مبادئ الجودة الشاملة في المدارس الحكومية في مديرية تربية لواء مادبا كانت بدرجة متوسطة من وجهة نظر المعلمين والمعلمات، ومساعدي ومساعدات مديري المدارس الحكومية في لواء مادبا، وأوصت الدراسة بعقد برامج متخصصة في إدارة الجودة الشاملة ومفاهيمها ومبادئها ومعاييرها وما يرتبط بها من جوانب ذات علاقة لتكون واضحة لجميع المعنيين في المدرسة بحيث يسهل تطبيقها وتنفيذها.
The article aimed to determine the degree of applying the comprehensive quality principles in government schools in Qasaba Madaba in Jordan from teachers\u27 and principals\u27 assistants\u27 points of view. The descriptive approach was used to suit the purposes of the study. The study sample consisted of 320 male and female teachers, assistants, and assistant principals in Kasbah Madaba government schools. The questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of the study showed that the degree of application of comprehensive quality principles in government schools in the Madaba District Education Directorate was to a moderate degree from the point of view of male and female teachers, assistant principals of government schools in the Madaba District. The study recommended holding specialized programs in total quality management and its concepts, principles, standards, and related matters. Of relevant to be clear to all concerned in the school so that it is easy to apply and implement