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Vulnerable Consolidation of Democracy in South Korea
No full textThis research examines the process of democratic consolidation in South Korea, with a focus on the interactions of political actors. It posits that if democratization depends on political interactions, then the outcomes tend to be fluctuating. The study tests the hypothesis that South Korea’s democratic transition was the result of strategic interactions among political actors, analyzing the presidential nomination process of 1992 as a crucial moment in South Korea’s democratization. The analysis employs rational choice theory and a game theory model. The results indicate that the strategic interactions of political actors played a decisive role in shaping the transition process, even after the founding election. Additionally, this research highlights that the weaknesses of South Korea’s political society and its severe regionalism—both rooted in patrimonialism—are vital factors contributing to the fluctuating nature of its democratic consolidation
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Promoting Diversity and Inclusion in Urban Public Spaces Aspects Contributing to Mental Health Preservation
No full textI.
Cities are complex systems shaped not only by infrastructure but also by the emotional, sensory, and socio-political experiences of their inhabitants. Despite this multidimensional nature, urban planning is often guided by conventional frameworks that overlook the lived realities of residents. As critical components of the urban fabric, public spaces play a significant role in shaping social identity, cohesion, and psychological well-being.
This research explores the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing diversity and inclusion within urban public spaces, with a particular focus on its impact on mental health. Social segregation remains a major barrier to inclusive urbanism; however, AI offers practical tools for designing equitable and adaptive environments that address the needs of diverse populations.
The research adopts a qualitative, multi-criteria comparative case study approach, evaluating both global and local urban contexts through eleven scientifically grounded criteria related to AI and urban inclusion. Findings highlight the role of AI in promoting accessible, interactive, and mentally supportive public spaces. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for embedding AI into urban design practices to foster inclusive, resilient, and human-centered cities
Employing Machine Learning Regression Models for Performance Prediction of a Two-Stage Solar Dryer
No full textThe present manuscript aims to examine the application of artificial intelligence techniques to predict the performance of a two-stage solar dryer system equipped with preheating via two solar air collectors. Three machine learning algorithms, namely Linear Regression, k-Nearest Neighbors, and Multilayer Perceptron, were developed, trained, and evaluated on experimental data to identify the most accurate model for predicting the system\u27s performance throughout the year. The dataset undergoes a preprocessing step including temporal linear augmentation, z-score normalization, and second-degree polynomial feature expansion. The evaluation process utilized several performance indices, including mean square error, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, and the coefficient of determination. The k-nearest neighbors algorithm emerged as the most precise model for predicting moisture removal and the gain output ratio of the solar dryer based on ambient temperature and solar radiation across all performance indicators. This model was subsequently employed to forecast the system\u27s performance across all months of the year, revealing a peak in average daily moisture removal of 9.40 kg/day in June and a minimum value of 4.47 kg/day in November, corresponding to increased solar radiation and daily exposure hours during the summer months compared to winter. Moreover, the average gain output ratio throughout the year was found to be approximately 0.42
Assessing the impact of artificial intelligence platforms on improving the efficiency of green buildings
No full text- In light of the growing need for more sustainable buildings, this research explores the role of artificial intelligence in improving the efficiency of green residential buildings, through a case study of the Faculty Housing building at the American University in Cairo. Three advanced AI platforms (GPT AI, mnml.ai, DeepSeeK AI) were utilized to develop an alternative design that enhances energy efficiency, incorporates water recycling technologies, improves indoor air quality, and uses environmentally friendly materials—all while preserving the building’s architectural character. The research methodology involved comparing the existing LEED-certified design with AI-enhanced alternatives. Results revealed that these platforms provide effective tools that significantly reduce environmental impact and support a comprehensive approach to architectural sustainability
The Effect of an Educational Program Based on Social Learning on the Acquisition of National and Citizenship Education Concepts among 10th Grade Students in Jordan
No full textThis study aimed to examine the effect of an educational program based on social learning on the acquisition of national and citizenship education concepts among tenth-grade students in Jordan. The study sample consisted of 68 students from Prince Muhammad Secondary School, affiliated with the Directorate of Education in Al-Jafr, during the 2019/2020 academic year. The sample was divided into an experimental group (33 students) and a control group (35 students). A concepts scale and a guide for implementing the educational program based on social learning were developed, and their validity and reliability were confirmed. ANCOVA was used for data analysis. The results showed that the educational program based on social learning had a significant effect on the acquisition of national and citizenship education concepts among tenth-grade students in Jordan. Based on this finding, the researchers recommend developing educational programs based on social learning to teach social studies across all grade levels
Evaluation of dentinal bridge formation and canal obliteration after pulpotomy in primary molars using MTA and bioceramic putty (well-root-pt)
No full textSummary: Preserving the primary teeth is important, as it plays an important role in the integrity of the dental arch, the development of the craniofacial complex, and the integrity of speech and chewing, as early loss of primary teeth leads to cosmetic, functional and verbal problems.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the formation of the dentinal bridge and canal obliteration after pulpotomy n in the primary molars using both mineral trioxides aggregate and Bioceramic putty (Well_Root PT) in the pulpotomy of the primary molars.
Materials and Methods: The study sample included forty second lower primary molars with non-response pulpitis, randomly
distributed into two groups in children aged 6-8 years. Mineral trioxides aggregate (MTA) were applied in the first group, while bioceramic was applied in the second group.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the formation of the dentinal bridge between the two study groups, while there was a statistically significant difference in canal obliteration between the two study groups.
Conclusions: This study found no difference between mineral trioxides aggregate and Bioceramic putty (Well_Root PT) in bridge formation, while a difference was noted in canal obliteration, where a greater number of cases was recorded in the mineral trioxides aggregate group
Evaluation of the irrigation efficacy of chlorhexidine gel in disinfection necrotic pulp root canals of anterior primary teeth (Clinical comparative bacteriological study)
No full textObjectives: The study aimed to compare Qmix2in1 and sodium hypochlorite solution in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis bacteria within root canals of primary teeth.
Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 30 extracted primary molars, which were divided into two groups: Group 1 experimental
(n=15) Qmix2in1, Group 2 control (n=15) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The root canals were prepared using Kedo-S file rotary then sterilized within autoclave and then contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. The root canals were irrigated for 5 minutes in a quantity of 3 ml using a 31-gauge irrigation needle and then bacterial sample were taken then the bacterial colonies were counted and converted to logarithmic numbers..
Results: Both sodium hypochlorite and Qmix2in1 reduced the bacterial count of Enterococcus within root canals of primary molars. When comparing the two irrigant, significant statistically differences were observed (P-value = 0.001) in favor of Qmix2in1 group.
Conclusion: : Qmix2in1 can be considered as a good alternative to sodium hypochlorite in irrigation root canals of primary teet
The Degree of Practicing Effective Leadership by Public School Principals in Bani Obeid District from the Teachers’ Point of View
No full textThe study aimed to assess the extent of effective leadership practiced by public school principals in Bani Obeid District from the perspective of teachers. The results indicated that the level of effective leadership practice by these principals was high. Furthermore, the results showed no statistically significant differences in the perceived level of effective leadership practice based on gender or years of experience. However, there were statistically significant differences related to educational qualifications, with postgraduate degree holders being perceived as practicing more effective leadership. The researcher recommends enhancing school principals\u27 moral attitudes towards teachers in all aspects of the educational and administrative process
صعوبات تعلم النحو لدى طلبة الجامعات الأردنيّة في ضوء الدّراسات الأدبية السابقة. Difficulties in Learning Arabic Syntax among Jordanian university Students as Presented by Previous Related Studies University
No full textهـدفت الــدّراســة إلى الكشـف عــن الصّعوبات الّـتـي تواجه الطّـلـبـة في الـجـامـعــات الأردنــيــّة عند دراسة النّحو، حـيـث تـم اتباع المــنهج الوصفي وذلك بوصف الـدّراسات والـبحـوث السّابــقـة الـّتي تتعلق بالمشكلات فــي تعلم اللّـغـة الـعـربـيـة لدى الطّـلـبـة فــي الـجـامـعــات في الأردن، وعـلـيـه قامت الــدّراســة بتحليل شامل للمحتوى ل ثلاث عشرة دراسة ذات صلة، حيث أظهرت النتائج أنّ هناك عوامل متنوعة لمشكلات متعلمي اللـّغـة الـعـربـيـّة فــي الأردن، هي :طرائق التدريس، استخدام اللغة الصفيّة، الاختبـارات، التقويـم، الكتـب، المراجـع، كفاءة المدرسـين وتدريبهم، التّقديم والتـأخير فــي النّحو، وجود فروقات بين الكفاءة والأداء اللّغوي، عدم التركيز على استخدام اللّـغـة الـعـربـيّـة أثناء التّعليم، انتشار الأنماط التي يعتقد أنها (خطأ) أو (ركيكة) في حين أنها فصيحة تركيبيا، والأساليب، الربط بين التّعويض النّحوي والإضمار الاستعاري. و أشارت النتائج إلى إغفال دراسة أسباب تلك المشكلات مثل المتغيرات الديموغرافية ومنها: الجنس، الخبرة، المؤهل، و مثل المتغيرات الاجتماعيّة أو النّفسيّة كالدّافعية ،أو توجه الطّلبة، التّوتر ،القلق، الثّقة، و أضف إلى ذلك عدم التركيز على المتغيرات المعدّلة والوسيطة.
أوصت الدّراسة بضرورة دراسة أسباب مشكلات الطّلبة في تعلَم النَحو وإضافةً إلى التركيز على دور المتغيرات الديموغرافية والاجتماعية والنّفسية.
قدمت الدراسة بعض التّوصيات ومــنها ضرورة عمل دراسات مستقبلية تسعى إلى الكشف عــن العوامل الرئيسية ودراسة دور المتغيرات ومــنها: العوامل الديموغرافية، الدافعية، ودور بعض المتغيرات الوسيطة والمعدلة كذلك.
The study aimed to reveal the difficulties faced by students in Jordanian universities when studying syntax, where the descriptive approach was followed, by describing previous studies related to problems/challenges in learning the Arabic language (Arabic Syntax) among students at universities in Jordan. Accordingly, the study carried out a comprehensive content analysis of thirteen studies. The results showed that there are various factors for the problems of Arabic language learners in Jordan, namely: teaching methods, classroom language use, tests, evaluation, books, references, teacher competence and training, progress and delay in syntax, and the existence of differences between competence and linguistic performance. Also, it is found that the lack of focus on the use of the Arabic language during education, the prevalence of patterns that are believed to be (wrong) or (poor) while they are syntactically fluent, and the methods, linking grammatical compensation and metaphorical implication. The results, additionally, indicated that the study of the causes of these problems was neglected, such as demographic variables, including: gender, experience, qualification, and such as social or psychological variables as well as motivation, student orientation, stress, anxiety, and confidence, in addition to not focusing on the moderating and mediating variables. The study recommended there is a need to identify the causes of students\u27 problems in learning syntax, in addition to focusing on the role of demographic, social and psychological variables
دَور معلمات رياض الأطفال الحكومية في العاصمة عمّان في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة من وجهة نظرهن (الواقع و المعوقات و المأمول). The Role of “Government Kindergarten” Teachers in The Capital Amman In Improving The Level of Social Competence Kindergarten children from their point of view (Reality - Obstacles - Hopefully)
No full textهدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرف إلى واقع دَور معلمات رياض الأطفال في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة من وجهة نظرهن، والتعرف إلى المعوقات التي تحد من دور معلمات رياض الأطفال في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة من وجهة نظرهن، كما وهدفت إلى تحديد الإجراءات التي تقترحها المعلمات للتغلب على تلك المعوقات، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (193) معلمة من المعلمات العاملات في رياض الأطفال الحكومية التابعة لمديريات التربية والتعليم في العاصمة عمّان، تم اختيارهن بالطريقة العنقودية، وقد تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات المرتبطة بأسئلة الدراسة، حيث تكونت من ثلاثة محاور، الأول متعلق بدور المعلمة في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى طفل الروضة، والثاني متعلق بالمعوقات التي تحول دون قيام معلمة الروضة بالأدوار المتوقعة منها في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة، أما المحور الثالث فتعلق بإجراءات مقترحة لتجاوز تلك المعوقات من وجهة نظر معلمات الروضة ، وقد تم التحقق من الخصائص السيكومترية للأداة.
أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أنّ معلمات الروضة يدعمن الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى الأطفال بدرجة متوسطة من وجهة نظرهن، كما أشارت النتائج المتعلقة بالمعوقات التي تحول بين المعلمة وأداء دورها في دعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى الأطفال بالشكل الأمثل إلى أنّ أهم ثلاثة معوقات هي : كثرة الأعباء التدريسية لدى المعلمات ، و ضعف الحوافز المادية المقدمة من قبل إدارة الروضة للمعلمات المتميزات في تنفيذ الأنشطة الاجتماعية ، و ضعف الصلاحيات الممنوحة للمعلمات في إقامة الأنشطة التطوعية التي تسهم في تحسين مستوى الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة . أما نتائج المحور الثالث المتعلق بالإجراءات اللازمة للتغلب على المعوقات من وجهة نظر المعلمات فجاءت الموافقة بدرجة مرتفعة على ثمانية عبارات أهمها من حيث الترتيب: خفض الأعباء التدريسية لدى المعلمات لإتاحة الفرصة لهن لإعداد وتنفيذ أنشطة تدعم الكفاءة الاجتماعية لدى أطفال الروضة وقد تضمنت الدراسة عدة توصيات في ضوء نتائجها.
The current study aimed to identify the reality of the role of kindergarten teachers in supporting social competence among kindergarten children from their point of view, and to identify the obstacles that limit the role of kindergarten teachers in supporting social competence among kindergarten children from their point of view. It also aimed to identify the procedures suggested by teachers to overcome these obstacles. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive analytical approach was used.
The study sample consisted of (193) female teachers who working in government kindergartens affiliated with the Directorates of Education in the capital,Amman. They were selected by the Cluster method.
The results of the study indicated that kindergarten teachers support social competence in children to a moderate degree from their point of view. The results related to the obstacles that prevent the teacher from performing her role in supporting social competence in children in the best possible way indicated that the three most important obstacles are: the high teaching burdens of teachers , the weakness of the material incentives provided by the kindergarten administration to the distinguished teachers in implementing social activities , and the weakness of the powers granted to teachers to organize voluntary activities that contribute to improving the level of social competence in kindergarten children . As for the results of the third axis related to the procedures necessary to overcome obstacles from the point of view of teachers, there was a high degree of agreement on eight statements, the most important of which in terms of order: Reducing the teaching burdens of teachers to give them the opportunity to prepare and implement activities that support social competence in kindergarten children . The study included several recommendations in light of its results