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    First report of tethered cord syndrome in a patient with Sotos syndrome

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    Background Sotos syndrome is caused by a gene deletion with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The Sotos syndrome was first described by Juan Sotos. Cole and Hughes identified the clinical characteristics of this syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly, frontal bossing, ocular hypertelorism, overgrowth, subdural hygroma, ventricular dilatation, agenesis of the corpus callosum. This syndrome is associated with mutations in NSD 1 (nuclear receptor SET domain-containing protein 1) gene, protein insufficiency, and a 5q35 microdeletion. Sotos syndrome is reported to occur in approximately 1/10,000-15,000 births. Case presentation We present a patient with Sotos syndrome who is harboring a sacral lipoma and tethered cord syndrome and she had growth retardation, frontal bossing and hypertelorism. After a standard approach for tethered cord syndrome, the patient was discharged 3 days after without any additional neurodeficits. Conclusion In the literature, sacral lipoma and tethered cord syndrome with Sotos syndrome have not been published yet

    Effects of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural on Pubertal Development of Female Wistar Rats

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    Objective: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is formed when sugars are heated in the presence of amino acids. HMF is naturally present in many foods. To investigate the toxic effects of HMF on the reproductive system of peripubertal rats. Methods: In the study, 24 immature female Wistar rat were divided into three groups: control (CT) fed with no HMF; low dose fed with 750 mg/kg/day of HMF and high dose (HD) groups fed with 1500 mg/kg/day of HMF. All groups received these diets for three weeks from postnatal day (PND) 21. The vaginal opening (VO) was monitored daily and euthanasia occurred on PND 44. Gonadotropin, estradiol (E2), progesterone and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentrations were measured. Reproductive organ weights and ovarian follicle counts were compared. Results: The HD HMF group had earlier VO. Higher mean luteinising hormone (2.9 +/- 1.2 vs 1.3 +/- 0.3 mIU/mL) and mean E2 (34.7 +/- 8.8 vs 21.2 +/- 3.9 pg/mL) and lower mean AMH (2.7 +/- 0.5 vs 4.7 +/- 0.7 ng/mL) concentrations were found in the HD compared to the CT group. The HD group also had increased number of secondary atrophic follicles. Conclusion: These results indicate that peripubertal exposure to HMF at HD result in precocious puberty and decreased AMH levels in female Wistar rats

    Real-time anomaly detection and mitigation using streaming telemetry in SDN

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    Measurement and monitoring are crucial for various network tasks such as traffic engineering, anomaly detection, and intrusion prevention. The success of critical capabilities such as anomaly detection and prevention depends on whether the utilized network measurement method is able to provide granular, near real-time, low-overhead measurement data or not. In addition to the measurement method, the anomaly detection and mitigation algorithm is also essential for recognizing normal and abnormal traffic patterns in such a huge amount of measured data with high accuracy and low latency. Software-defined networking is an emerging concept to enable programmable and efficient measurement functions for these kinds of challenging requirements. In this paper, we present a new, real-time, model-driven anomaly detection and mitigation platform. Model-driven streaming telemetry and exponential smoothing are the underlying approaches of the platform. A customized collector is proposed to gather streaming telemetry metrics, and Holt's prediction algorithm is improved to handle real-time streaming data and decrease false positives. The developed system is tested on a campus network and the success rate of the system is calculated as 92\%

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