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Bibliometric examination of health tourism in the context of hygiene
No full textObjective: In recent years, health tourism has been increasing its importance in terms of both the development of national economies and improving the quality of health systems. Health tourism is summarized as the visit of people who demand treatment to different regions in order to access high-cost treatments outside the region where they live, often at lower prices. Health tourism is included in the literature not only in terms of access to lower-priced services, but also as a form of tourism that occurs when individuals who demand the service want to access quality services. This study aims to evaluate the publications on health tourism, which consumers apply in line with their needs, from different perspectives, to reveal the diffusion and relationships of existing studies and to examine the hygiene effect. Methods: The data used in this study were obtained from studies published only in the English language by filtering the studies in “Scopus” and “WoS” (Web of Science) databases between 2020–2024. In the retrieval of the data, restrictions were made as “health tourism” in titles, abstracts and keywords and “hygiene” in all fields. In the bibliometric analysis part, co-author analysis, keywords analysis, country citation analysis, author citation analysis, source citation analysis, and bibliographic matching analysis were performed, respectively, using the Vosviewer program. The geographical distribution of studies on health tourism was visualized using the R program and Biblioshiny plugin. Results: As a result of the review, it was determined that the studies searched in the WoS database consisted of 3512 research articles, 338 reviews, 217 early access publications, and 179 conference proceedings, while the publications in the Scopus database were 303 research articles, 55 reviews, 60 book chapters, and 24 conference proceedings. It has been observed that the number of studies conducted in the last five years has increased significantly, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, the interconnections of studies on health tourism were evaluated from different perspectives. The countries, authors, and relationship tables that publish the most on the subject were revealed. Conclusion: It has been observed that studies on health tourism continue to increase every year. It has been determined that the research on health tourism is unevenly distributed on the basis of countries and that the leading countries in this field constitute a significant part of the total studies. The importance of hygiene concept in health tourism has been shown with the help of analysis results, tables and graphs
Master-slave architecture enhanced and improved gbo tuned cascaded pi-pdn controller for speed regulation of dc motors
Get PDFThis study introduces a novel master-slave architecture featuring an improved gradient-based optimizer (ImGBO) to effectively tune a cascaded proportional-integral (PI) and proportional-derivative with filter (PDN) controller specifically for DC motor speed regulation. The core novelty of this work lies in enhancing the traditional GBO algorithm by integrating an experience-based perturbed learning mechanism and an adaptive local search strategy, significantly enhancing its ability to balance exploration and exploitation during optimization. The proposed ImGBO-based cascaded PI-PDN controller is comprehensively evaluated against traditional GBO, recent metaheuristics and advanced proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and fractional-order PID (FOPID) controllers. Significant improvements were observed, with the proposed method demonstrating exceptionally short rise (0.0089 s) and settling times (0.0140 s), no overshoot, and minimal steady-state error (0.0017%). Stability analysis via pole placement and Bode plots affirmed the robust and stable operation of the controller, exhibiting a phase margin of 71.6640 degrees and infinite gain margin. These results strongly support the suitability and effectiveness of the ImGBO-based approach for precision-critical DC motor control applications
Improving the Cognitive Flexibility (CF) of adolescent students through differentiated instructions in Indonesia
Get PDFStudents are expected to be adequately prepared to respond to technological advancements and complex global challenges. In this context, cognitive flexibility plays a crucial role in facilitating the development of appropriate alternative strategies. Previous research has identified several relevant learning activities aimed at enhancing cognitive flexibility. In the context of differentiated instruction, cognitive flexibility is further elaborated through consideration of the individual uniqueness of students, the learning situation, and the environment, making this concept particularly relevant to the educational setting in Indonesia. Consequently, this study aimed to enhance the cognitive flexibility of adolescent students through differentiated instruction training. A total of 70 adolescent students participated in a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design using convenience sampling. The participants completed an informed consent form and engaged in training activities for approximately 4 weeks. The findings indicated that 66% of participants showed an increase in cognitive flexibility attitudes following the learning intervention. Furthermore, inferential statistical analysis revealed significant differences between pretest and posttest results. The differentiated instruction training proved effective in improving cognitive flexibility attitudes. This research has implications for the development of effective learning models and provides recommendations for the enhancement of skills among adolescent students, not only within the context of Indonesia but also for potential implementation in different cultures and locations
Efl teachers' attitudes towards instructional pragmatics: Validity and reliability of the teaching pragmatics scale (tps)
Get PDFTeaching pragmatics is crucial in the teaching of English as a foreign language (EFL) since it is one of the primary indications of successfully and appropriately communicating in a target language. To our knowledge, there are not many studies on teaching pragmatics and no thoroughly designed measurement tools to investigate the perspectives of language teachers and/or instructors working in foreign language preparatory programs. To accomplish this, a new instrument, the Teaching Pragmatics Scale (TPS), was created and its reliability and validity were assessed. A survey of the relevant literature resulted in the development of 52 items considered fundamental for teaching pragmatics. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assess the construct validity of the instrument. A Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of 0.791 and a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (p 0.001) indicated that the data set was moderately suitable for factor analysis. The complete instrument in its final form, which consists of 25 items and five factors, was developed using the ratings of 204 English teachers and language instructors from across the nation. The Teaching Pragmatics Scale (TPS) is a reliable and valid measurement tool for predicting language teachers' and instructors' attitudes towards instructional pragmatics. Given the instructors' limited knowledge of teaching pragmatics, it is hoped that they will become aware of the requirement of highlighting the significance of pragmatics in language instruction and assist students in obtaining higher levels of pragmatic awareness and competency
Simulation-based power strategy optimization in a diesel hybrid vehicle
No full textThis study includes comparing fuel-energy consumption, consumption cost, and vehicle dynamic performance of a diesel hybrid electric vehicle created by combining virtual diesel and electric vehicle models in MATLAB/Simulink and correlated with real-world driving data. In the diesel hybrid vehicle model, electric power initiates the acceleration until the hybrid mode transition threshold speed, and after, the diesel traction system maintains the motion. The hybrid mode transition threshold speeds were determined as 10 km/h, 15 km/h, 20 km/h, and 25 km/h. The virtual tests were repeated according to different vehicle masses as 3500 kg, 4000 kg, 4500 kg, and 5000 kg. As a result, this study achieved the best dynamic performance and the lowest total energy consumption with the hybrid mode transition threshold of 10 km/h. Also, diesel hybrid combinations mostly showed better dynamic performance than pure diesel and battery electric vehicles
Ten global principles in combating tax crimes: An evaluation in terms of the Turkish legal system
No full textOECD tarafından yayınlanan Vergi Suçlarıyla Mücadelede On Küresel İlke, vergi suçları ile mücadeleye yönelik kapsamlı bir rehberdir. Bu rehber, mükellef haklarına saygı göstererek vergi suçlarının tespit edilmesi, soruşturulması ve kovuşturulmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak etkin ve verimli bir sistem oluşturmak için gerekli olan kurumsal, idari ve yasal yönleri kapsayan on temel ilkeyi sunmaktadır. Ayrıca vergi suçları ile mücadele ve varlıkların geri kazanılmasında uluslararası işbirliğini teşvik etmek gibi yeni zorlukları da ele almaktadır. On küresel ilke, OECD raporunda yer alan bazı ülkeler için incelenerek, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için örnek olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye yer almamaktadır. Bu çalışmada on küresel ilke ile Türk hukuk sisteminin karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Türkiye’nin mevcut durumundaki eksiklikler tespit edilerek ve iyileştirmeye yönelik çeşitli önerilerde bulunulması amaçlanmıştır. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda, Türkiye’de on küresel ilkeye uygun düzenlemeler yer almakta birlikte bazı eksiklikler bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Vergi suçlarıyla daha etkin mücadele etmek ve neden oldukları gelir kayıplarının önlenmesi için düzenlemelerin arttırılması gereklidir. Bu amaçla uluslararası bilgi değişim anlaşmalarının sayısının ve kapsamının arttırılması, mükellef haklarına yönelik çalışmaların genişletilmesi, vergi cezalarının arttırılarak caydırıcılığın sağlanmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapılması gereklidir.Ten Global Principles to Combat Tax Crimes is a comprehensive guide to combating tax crimes published by the OECD. This guide aims to detect, investigate, and prosecute tax crimes while respecting taxpayers’ rights. It sets out ten global principles covering the institutional, administrative, and legal aspects necessary to create an effective and efficient system. It also addresses new challenges, such as combating tax crimes and promoting international cooperation in asset recovery. The OECD report examines ten global principles for selected countries, preparing them as examples for developing countries. This report does not include Türkiye. This study has made a comparative assessment of the Turkish legal system with ten global principles. The study aims to identify the deficiencies in Türkiye’s current situation and propose various suggestions for improvement. As a result of the evaluations, although Türkiye’s regulations align with the ten global principles, there are some deficiencies. It is necessary to increase regulations to fight tax crimes more effectively and prevent the income losses they cause. For this purpose, increasing the number and scope of international information exchange agreements is necessary, as is expanding studies on taxpayer rights and working to ensure deterrence by increasing tax penalties
Evaluation of remote working wıthin the scope of occupational health and safety
No full textGünümüz iş dünyası, COVID-19 salgınının etkisi ve teknolojik ilerlemelerle birlikte esneklik kültürünü teşvik eden uzaktan çalışma modeline geçiş süreci yaşamaktadır. İşyerlerinin uzaktan çalışma modeline geçişinde genel varsayım, iletişim teknolojileri ve internet bağlantısı sağlandığında uzaktan çalışmanın tam işlevsel ve sorunsuz olacağıdır. Ancak uzaktan çalışmanın yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte ev ortamında çalışanların sağlığı, güvenliği ve genel refahı gibi başka sorunların da gerçekten endişe verici olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu durum iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konularının yeni bir perspektifle ele alınmasını gerektirmektedir. Tezin temel amacı, uzaktan çalışma risklerinin, çalışanların sağlığı ve güvenliği üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymak, özellikle işverenin yükümlülükleri olmak üzere tarafların sorumluluklarını değerlendirmek ve uzaktan çalışma koşullarını optimize etmek için öneriler sunmaktır. Tez, literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılarak uzaktan çalışmanın iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından nasıl ele alındığını incelemektedir. Uzaktan çalışma, çalışanların iş değişkenlerini ve işyeri ortamını kontrol etmelerine olanak tanırken, aynı zamanda izolasyon, psikososyal stres ve iş-yaşam dengesi sorunları gibi yeni riskleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Uzaktan çalışma koşullarının optimize edilmesi için, işverenlerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği politikalarını gözden geçirmeleri, çalışanların eğitimine önem vererek farkındalığı artırmaları, ergonomik çalışma alanları sağlamaları, düzenli mola ve dinlenme sürelerini teşvik etmeleri gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, işverenlerin ve çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konularında işbirliği yapmaları ve iletişim kanallarını açık tutmaları önemlidir.Today's business world is experiencing a transition to a remote working model that promotes a culture of flexibility combined with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and technological advances. The general assumption in the transition of workplaces to a remote working model is that remote work will be fully functional and hassle-free when communication technologies and internet connection are provided. But with the spread of remote work, other issues such as the health, safety, and overall well-being of employees in the home environment have also turned out to be really concerning. This requires addressing occupational health and safety issues with a new perspective. The main objective of the thesis is to reveal the effects of remote work risks on the health and safety of employees, to assess the responsibilities of the parties, especially the obligations of the employer, and to provide recommendations for optimizing remote working conditions. The thesis examines how remote work is handled in terms of occupational health and safety using the literature review method. While remote work allows employees to control work variables and the workplace environment, it has also introduced new risks such as isolation, psychosocial stress, and work-life balance issues. In order to optimize remote working conditions, employers need to review occupational health and safety policies, raise awareness by placing emphasis on employee training, provide ergonomic work spaces, and encourage regular breaks and rest periods. It is also important for employers and employees to collaborate on occupational health and safety issues and keep communication channels open
COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde 0-6 yaş aralığında özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip ailelerin kaygı düzeyinin incelenmesi
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the state and trait anxiety levels of families with children aged 0–6 who have special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the relationship between these anxiety levels and various demographic and situational factors. Families in the Turkish province of Ankara with children aged 0–6 with special needs make up the study population. The Demographic Information Collection Form and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were applied online to 101 parents. The study employed a relational screening model, and the data obtained from 101 participants were analyzed using correlation, t-tests, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Parents' state and trait anxiety levels were revealed to be positively correlated by the study. However, when the means of these two variables were compared using a paired samples t-test, no statistically significant difference was found. When comparing mothers and fathers, it was determined that women had significantly greater anxiety levels than fathers. Furthermore, it was determined that the anxiety levels of families increased as the age of their children with special needs decreased. Despite the lack of significant relationships with other variables, job status during the pandemic was found to have a significant impact on anxiety levels.Bu araştırmada Covid-19 Pandemisi sürecinde 0-6 yaş arasında özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan ailelerin durumluk ve sürekli kaygı düzeylerinin, ebeveynlerin durumluk ve sürekli kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin, kaygı düzeyinin demografik değişkenlerle ilişkisini, pandemi döneminde çalışma, Covid-19 geçirme, özel gereksinimli çocuklarını dışarı çıkarma durumlarıyla ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Ankara ilinde bulunan 0-6 yaş arasındaki özel gereksinimli çocukların aileleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, 101 ebeveyne Demografik Bilgi Toplama Formu, Durumluk Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi ilişkisel tarama modelidir. 101 katılımcıdan elde edilen veri ile korelasyon, t testi, ANOVA ve Kruskal Wallis analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda ebeveynlerin durumluk ve sürekli kaygı puanları arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, bu iki değişkenin ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında (bağımlı örneklem t-testi ile), aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ebeveynler arası karşılaştırma yapıldığında ise annelerin kaygı puanları babalara göre anlamlı şekilde yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca özel gereksinimli çocukların yaşı küçüldükçe ailelerin kaygı seviyelerinin arttığı saptanmıştır. Pandemi döneminde çalışma durumunun kaygı düzeyinde etkili olduğu saptanırken diğer değişkenler ilişkisiz bulunmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına bakıldığında ilgili literatür ile paralel bulguların olduğu görülmektedir
Preventive behaviors, knowledge of esophageal cancer and relationships socio-demographic characteristics among older adults: A cross sectional study
Get PDFPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the risks of esophageal cancer (EC), protective behaviors, and risk awareness among Turkish adults aged 50 years and older, as well as their relationships with sociodemographic characteristics. Design: Cross-sectional. Recruitment took place between February-April 2022, via online google forms and WhatsApp. Setting: Participants completed the survey online throught WhatsApp. Sample: Analyses included 214 participants (>= 50 years from three provinces of Turkey); 73.8% female (n:158), 62.6% between 50-60 years (n:134 ), 55.6% had a university education (n:47). Measures: Study-specific survey items included questions about demographics, risky conditions and diseases, preventive health behaviors and Esophageal Cancer Knowledge Test (ECRKT). Analyses: Frequency or Mean, Percentage, Independent Samples t-Test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc analysis (Tukey, LSD), and Cohen's effect size and linear regression analysis. Results: The participants had low ECRKT scores (x:13.50 +/- 9.33, Min:0, Max:31) and reported the most consumed hot beverages (36.9%) among negative EC preventive behaviors. Male gender, not working, not having previously received training on EC, low education and income status cause low knowledge and awareness about EC (P = 50 years are exposed to significant EC risks, and have poor knowledge of EC risks. These results highlight the urgent need for educational campaigns to improve EC awareness
Synthesis and characterization of the complexes formed by copper(II) and zinc(II) ions with hesperetin, quercetin and substituted 2,2'-bipyridines
Get PDFBu çalışmada flavonoid olarak hesperetin (HspH) veya kuersetin (QueH) ve sübstitüe 2,2’-bipiridin ligandları (4,4’-dimetil-2,2’-bipiridin (4,4’-dmbpy), 4,4’-dimetoksi-2,2’- bipiridin (4,4’-dmobpy), 4,4’-di-ter-bütil-2,2’-bipiridin (4,4’-dtbbpy) veya 5,5’-dimetil- 2,2’-bipiridin (5,5’-dmbpy)) kullanılarak Cu(II) veya Zn(II) iyonlarını içeren yeni karışık ligand kompleksleri elde edildi. Sentezlenen komplekslerin yapısı, elementel analiz, infrared (IR) spektroskopisi, ultraviyole-görünür bölge (UV-Vis) spektroskopisi, yüksek çözünürlüklü kütle spektrometrisi (HRMS) ve manyetik süsseptibilite yöntemleriyle aydınlatıldı. Ayrıca komplekslerin eş zamanlı termogravimetrik analiz/diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetri (TGA/DSC) analizi ile yapısı desteklendi ve termal özellikleri araştırıldı. Elde edilen analiz verilerinden sentezlenen komplekslerde, metal(II) iyonu:flovonoid türü ligand:sübstitüe 2,2’-bipiridin ligand oranının 1:1:1 olduğu ve NO3 - iyonunun koordinasyon küresi içerisinde yer aldığı bileşikler elde edildiği saptandı. Sonuç olarak sentezlenen koordinasyon bileşikleri için, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’- dmbpy)].5H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmobpy)].H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(5,5’- dmbpy)].3H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dtbbpy)].6H2O, [Zn(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’- dmobpy)].C2H5OH.H2O, [Zn(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmbpy)].2CH3OH, [Zn(Que)(NO3)(4,4’- dmobpy)].2CH3OH, [Zn(Que)(NO3)(5,5’-dmbpy)].C2H5OH.0,5H2O formülleri belirtildi.In this study, new mixed ligand complexes containing Cu(II) or Zn(II) ions were obtained by using hesperetin (HspH) or quercetin (QueH) as flavonoids and substituted 2,2’- bipyridine ligands (4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine (4,4’-dmbpy), 4,4’-dimethoxy-2,2’- bipyridine (4,4’-dmobpy), 4,4’-di-tert-butyl-2,2’-bipyridine (4,4’-dtbbpy) or 5,5’- dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine (5,5’-dmbpy)). The structures of the synthesized complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, ultraviole-visible (UVVis) spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and magnetic susceptibility methods. Additionally, the structure of the complexes was supported by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) analysis, and their thermal properties were investigated. From the analysis data obtained, it was determined that in the synthesized complexes, the ratio of metal(II) ion:flavonoid type ligand:substituted 2,2’-bipyridine ligand was 1:1:1 and compounds were obtained in which the NO3 - ion was located within the coordination sphere. As a result, the formulas [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmbpy)].5H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmobpy)].H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(5,5’-dmbpy)].3H2O, [Cu(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dtbbpy)].6H2O [Zn(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmobpy)].C2H5OH.H2O, [Zn(Hsp)(NO3)(4,4’-dmbpy)].2CH3OH, [Zn(Que)(NO3)(4,4’-dmobpy)].2CH3OH, [Zn(Que)(NO3)(5,5’- dmbpy)].C2H5OH.0,5H2O were stated for the synthesized coordination compounds