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Diagnosis and treatment of speech disorders in children with a cleft (lip and) palate : a state-of-the-art overview
No full textIn children born with a cleft in the palate with or without a cleft in the lip (CP +/- L), velopharyngeal insufficiency may persist even after successful surgical closure of the palate. This results in speech disorders including both resonance and speech sound disorders. These speech disorders may have a severe impact on the children's speech understandability and speech acceptability which may, in turn, influence psychosocial well-being, quality of life, and inclusion into society. This article provides an overview of the most important speech characteristics per age group (ie, 0-4, 4-6, 6-12, and >12 y). In addition, a state-of-the-art overview of current practices in speech diagnosis and speech intervention is included
A family of moment operators for functional data and its discriminative properties
No full textWe define the -th moment operator of a Hilbert-valued random element and study its discriminative properties for under Gaussian mixtures of homoscedastic random variables. We show that the optimal discriminant functional is associated with a spectral subspace of these operators, initially acting as a perturbation, while residing in a joint eigenspace of structurally identical kernels that support independent realizations within a shared functional space. In the empirical case, we investigate how increasing the sample size perturbs the moment operator, leading it to converge toward the optimal discriminant solution in the tail (lower-order eigenelements)
Dynamic causal modeling of brain activity
No full textThis chapter is about modeling brain responses and estimating effective connectivity using functional neuroimaging techniques. It also introduces dynamic causal models. These models allow us to infer how interactions among brain regions are mediated. In what follows, we first review generative models of fMRI data in both task and resting-state settings. Next, we summarize the use of neural mass models commonly employed in DCM for M/EEG. We also present recent progress in multimodal modeling where both M/EEG and fMRI data are combined. This fusion allows one to infer parameters of a more detailed model of neurovascular coupling. Furthermore, we summarize the variational Bayesian framework for model specification, estimation, and comparison. We end this chapter with an overview of group analysis of DCMs including the recently developed parametric empirical Bayes framework for estimating deep hierarchical models
Affective enactment in narrative space : readers' encounters with contemporary British urban fiction
No full textKeBaB : k-mer Based Breaking for Finding Long MEMs
No full textLong maximal exact matches (MEMs) are used in many genomics applications such as read classification and sequence alignment. Li’s ropebwt3 finds long MEMs quickly because it can often ignore much of its input, skipping matching steps which are redundant to the final output. In this paper we propose KeBaB, a fast and space efficient k-mer filtration step using a Bloom filter. This approach speeds up MEM-finders such as ropebwt3 even further by letting them ignore even more, breaking the input into substrings called “pseudo-MEMs” which are guaranteed to contain all long MEMs. We also show experimentally that KeBaB can accelerate metagenomic classification without significantly reducing accuracy, either by finding all long MEMs or by leveraging the filter to find only the long MEMs present in the t longest pseudo-MEMs
Verkrachting verbeeld(t) : toepassingen van beelden van seksueel geweld ten tijde van de Spaanse furie in Antwerpen (1576)
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Towards centimetre-order indoor localisation with RSS-based visible light positioning
No full text'Locatie, Locatie, locatie!' gaat ook steeds meer op in de hoogtechnologische samenleving, waar het belang van locatie-gebaseerde diensten almaar toeneemt. Met de huidige binnenshuis-positioneringsystemen zijn verschillende van deze diensten momenteel echter niet (economisch) levensvatbaar. Dit doctoraat onderzoekt of Visible Light Positioning (VLP), d.i. positionering op basis van zichtbaar licht, een oplossing biedt. Voortkomend uit het hergebruiken van een bestaande ledverlichtingsinfrastructuur wordt VLP verwacht in staat te zijn om centimeter grootteorde nauwkeurige positionering te leveren tegen een zachte prijs. Concreet onthult dit onderzoek belangrijke uitdagingen van VLP, namelijk de (i) vereiste kalibratiefit, (ii) niet-Lambertiaanse stralingspatronen, (iii) obstakelreflecties, (iv) naleving van de verlichtingssterktevereisten en (v) imperfecte zenderplaatsing. In antwoord stelt het proefschrift zowel een nieuwe positioneringsmethode, het concept van niet-gemoduleerde VLP, als een netwerkplanningstool voor. Bovendien wordt ter demonstratie van het potentieel van (u)VLP bestudeerd hoe VLP zich verhoudt tot ultra-wideband, een belangrijke rivaliserende technologie. De accuraatheid van de eerste industriële VLP-implementatie komt hierin aan bod. Tot slot toont het werk aan dat het applicatiedomein van VLP zich niet beperkt tot de traditionele ledconfiguraties. Een VLP-oplossing vormt namelijk een alternatief voor de huidige drone-landingssystemen. Met dit doctoraat zijn verschillende stappen gezet 'naar centimeternauwkeurige binnenshuislokalisatie aan de hand van RSS-gebaseerde positionering met zichtbaar licht'
Active and effective? An analysis of representatives’ parliamentary performance
No full textCitizens trust in political institutions and politicians is generally low in many European democracies At the same time, journalists and societal organisations have paid closer attention to the (performance of individual politicians over the past decades This trend has also been accompanied by a growing strand of the academic literature that focuses on the quantity of representatives’ parliamentary work (parliamentary activity) Yet, the quality and effectiveness of the work in parliament have received considerably less attention so far This PhD thesis argues that qualitative aspects of the parliamentary work of elected representatives can be similarly important for voters, parties, and individual politicians as the parliamentary activity Therefore, this study examines the qualitative and quantitative parliamentary performance of elected representatives based on comprehensive data In addition to a large variety of quantitative indicators on representatives’ parliamentary activity, this study takes also their quality of parliamentary work into account making use of a peer assessment survey among Belgian members of parliament