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A Rural Lanscape Reading Through Continuity and Change: Gölova Rural Neighborhood (Village)
No full textKırsal alanlar, kentsel ve doğal çevrelerin ara kesitinde oluşan ve insanın doğayla kurduğu ilişkinin görünür hale geldiği önemli alanlardır. Tarihi kırsal peyzajlar doğal, tarihi, kültürel, sosyal, ekonomik, politik, ideolojik, sembolik, çevresel ve ekolojik gibi somut ve somut olmayan bileşenlerin birlikte çalıştığı bir sistemden oluşur. Palimsest gibi çok katmanlı ve tarihi pek çok izi barındıran bu alanlar; bir bireyin değil, bütün bir topluluğun; programlı ve planlı bir projenin değil, nesilden nesile aktarılan ve geliştirilen tekniklerin sonucudur. Yaşamın döngüsel olarak hareket ettiği bu alanlar zamanla dışarıdan yapılan müdahalelerle büyük değişiklikler yaşamakta olsa da, yere ait pek çok izin devamlılığı kırsal alanda ve en büyük bileşeni olan mimaride varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışmada kırsal alanlara bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşılarak, somut ve somut olmayan değerlerin birlikte kurdukları ilişkinin ve bu alanlara dair tarihsel katmanların, sürekliliğin ve değişimin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Antalya’nın batısında, Elmalı İlçesi kırsal alanı incelenmiş ve belirlenen alanlarda kırsal mimari miras tespit çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Tarihi araştırmalara ek olarak herhangi bir koruma çalışmasının yapılmadığı ve çevresel alanıyla bir bütün oluşturan Semayük/Müğren Ovası ve burada bulunan Gölova yerleşimi merkeze alınarak yerinde dijital belgeleme yapılmıştır. Çalışmalarda pek çok bilgi, yerleşimler arası ilişkiler, benzerlikler ve özgünlükler saptanmıştır. Belirlenen alanlardaki somut ve somut olmayan değerler incelenmiş, bu bilginin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması amaçlanmış ve koruma sorunları saptanmıştır.Rural areas represent significant zones where urban and natural environments
intersect, showcasing the connection between humans and nature. Historic rural landscapes are comprised of a system in which tangible and intangible components such as natural, historical-cultural, social, economic, political, ideological, symbolic, environmental, and ecological factors collaboratively operate. These areas, like Palimsest, are multi-layered and contain many historical traces. It is not the result of an individual, but of a whole community, not a programmed and planned project, but the result of techniques passed down and
developed from generation to generation. Although these areas, where life flows in cycles, have undergone major changes over time with external interventions. Many traces of the place continue to exist in the rural area and its biggest component, architecture. Settlements in rural areas do not exist on their own. It maintains its existence as a network in relation to the surrounding areas and settlements. Based on the necessity of understanding these environments as a whole, the rural area of Antalya Province Elmalı District, which constitutes
holistic relationship between settlements and areas, has been determined as the sample area. In this study, the environmental area and settlement pattern of Semayük/Müğren Plain of Elmalı District and Gölova (Müğren) village were investigated, and the conservation problems of the area were examined. Elmalı District, located in the west of Antalya Province, is a fertile region with alluvial-covered plains. It has been determined that the settlement history of this area on
the Taurus Mountains goes back to the Neolithic Age, and it has been the dominion area of many civilizations. Semayük/Müğren Plain is located in the north-east of Elmalı center. The architectural characteristics of the settlements are similar to each other in the plain. Gölova is an important settlement where the changes experienced over time and traces from the past can be seen. Surrounded by vineyards, seasonal pastures, secondary settlement areas (Kasaba), ritual spaces, and communal zones, the settlement forms a cohesive whole. In the area surrounding the archaeological site, there are numerous spolia materials found. The houses built using the mudbrick construction technique, which has been developed and employed in the region for generations, along with their extensions like granaries, bread ovens (ekmeklik), sheep shelter, stables, and haylofts, create a texture that emerges from the symbiosis of the natural environment and traditions. Presently in Gölova, no craftsmen continue the traditional construction techniques, leading to the abandonment of some rural structures that are incompatible with contemporary conditions. Additional structures are added to some of these buildings using modern materials. The mudbrick dwellings in the vineyards have collapsed, and concrete structures have been erected in some of these spaces. Although livestock farming persists today, the number of households participating in highland migration has significantly
decreased, and the traditional shelters in the highlands are no longer in use. Since rural areas are undergoing rapid transformation, rapid documentation is of great importance. While developing conservation strategies, it is necessary to act with the awareness that human life in the countryside is a part of natural life, and the relationship of all dynamics of the place with each other should be considered.No sponso
The effect of inflation on high technology exports
No full textThis study aims to determine the relationship between inflation and exports of high technology products. Within the framework of the research model, the relationships between Inflation, Ease of Doing Business, Education Expenditures and High Technology Exports were analyzed. The research sample includes 5-year data of 130 different countries. Four hypotheses were formulated and tested in the study. As a result of the analyzes, all hypotheses were accepted. According to the hypotheses test results, inflation exerts negative effect on doing business; inflation has a negative impact on education expenditure; education expenditure has positive effect on doing business; doing business has positive effect on high technology exports. The results demonstrate that inflation reduces education spending and increases the difficulty of doing business in a country. Thus, one of the adverse consequences of inflation is a decrease in educational expenditure and an increase in the difficulty of doing business, which in turn has a negative impact on the export of high-tech goods. High-tech goods production and export are vital to a country's economic welfare. In societies where education spending is declining, human potential for creativity and self-improvement may be curtailed. This is a topic that requires further research across a range of disciplines.No sponso
Enhancement of enzyme activity by laser-induced energy propulsion of upconverting nanoparticles under near-infrared light: A comprehensive methodology for in vitro and in vivo applications
No full textIf the appropriate immobilization method and carrier support are not selected, partial decreases in the activity of enzymes may occur after immobilization. Herein, to overcome this challenge, an excitation mechanism that enables energy transfer was proposed. Modified upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) were constructed and the important role of near-infrared (NIR) excitation in enhancing the catalytic activity of the enzyme was demonstrated. For this purpose, UCNPs were first synthesized via the hydrothermal method, functionalized with isocyanate groups, and then, PEG-L-ASNase was immobilized via covalent binding. UCNPs with and without PEG-L- ASNase were extensively characterized by different methods. These supports had immobilization yield and activity efficiency of >96 % and 78 %, respectively. Moreover, immobilized enzymes exhibited improved pH, thermal, and storage stability. In addition, they retained >65 % of their initial activity even after 20 catalytic cycles. Biochemical and histological findings did not indicate a trend of toxicity in rats due to UCNPs. Most importantly, PEG-L-ASNase activity was triggered approximately 5- and 2-fold under in vitro and in vivo conditions, respectively. Overall, it is anticipated that this pioneering work will shed new light on the realistic and promising usage of NIR-excited UCNPs for the immobilization of enzymes in expensive and extensive applications.No sponso
Towards a connected world: Collaborative networks as a tool to accomplish the SDGs
No full textCollaborative networks (CNs) are joint entities of autonomous partners that work towards a common goal with shared resources and roles. In 2016, the United Nations announced 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) as part of the 2030 agenda. SDG 17 is “Partnerships for the goals” highlighting the importance of cross-country and cross-company collaborative action. Although the link between CNs and sustainable development is frequently declared, no study in the literature investigates the connection between CNs and the SDGs. This systematic literature review (SLR) follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Based on the SLR results, a context-interventions-mechanisms-outcomes (CIMO) framework for CNs is proposed, serving as a tool to comprehend the types of CNs to achieve the SDGs. Only 10 out of 77 articles mentioned the SDGs they address. The norm is to focus on a single SDG per study and not assess the dimension of the impact on the SDGs or the trade-offs that can be established between them. The most frequently mentioned SDGs in the text are SDG 9 and SDG 12, with only 2 articles focusing on the social dimension. SDG 10 and SDG 16 were not mentioned in any of the articles. The majority of articles are case studies and technical papers, developing scale-up solutions and creating value from waste. The identified gaps lead to the proposition of several potential research areas: 1) the need for developing mechanisms that allow CNs to effectively implement interventions that achieve specific SDGs; 2) the lack of studies incorporating the social dimension given the social nature of the SDGs; 3) few SDGs are addressed by CNs (particularly SDG 9 and SDG 12) and majority of SDGs are ignored; 4) there is a scarcity of studies targeting the tertiary sector; 5) the need for alignment of CNs' business models with the SDGs; 6) a lack of studies addressing specific SDGs (6, 10, and 16); and 7) the necessity of studies demonstrating collaboration between industry and academia for systemic change. The study aids decision-makers in identifying policies that facilitate the formation of CNs aligned with the SDGs.No sponso
Assessment of electromagnetic shielding efficacy of magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles and their application in electromagnetic shielding paints
No full textPeople are continuously exposed to electromagnetic waves
emitted by mobile phones, base stations, computers, household
electrical appliances, and nearby devices. Shielding against
electromagnetic radiation is of great importance to avoid
potential adverse effects on human health. This study addresses
the development of electromagnetic shielding paints containing magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles. Magnetic metal oxide
nanoparticles with a spinel ferrite structure, namely Fe3O4,
CoFe2O4, and SnFe2O4, were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. Their structural, morphological, and magnetic
properties were characterized through FTIR, XRD, TEM, and VSM
measurements. Electromagnetic shielding efficacy was assessed
within the 3.5–12.5 GHz frequency range using waveguide
measurements. Notably, pure magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles exhibited limited shielding efficiency, but incorporating conductive materials like multi-walled carbon nanotubes
improved the efficacy. Optimization studies, involved adjusting
the nanoparticle-to-carbon nanotube ratios and coating thickness, demonstrated the best shielding to be with 50: 10
[MFe2O4:PEG]:mwcnt ratio (M :Fe, Co, Sn) and 0.720 mm thickness, achieving up to 99% of radiation shielding. The subsequent incorporation of the optimized magnetic composites into
a water-based wall paint at a 1: 2 weight ratio demonstrated
their effectiveness in shielding, successfully blocking 84 % of
incoming radiation.No sponso
Identifying toxic elements in water, sediments, and roots of mangrove forest (Avicennia marina) in Chabahar Bay, Sea of Oman
No full textMangroves play a crucial role in filtering pollutants from water and sediments. However, excessive accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has harmful effects on marine organisms. This article investigates the concentration and distribution of PTEs in water, sediment, and the roots of endangered mangrove species in Chabahar Bay, a subtropical coastal wetland. The relationship between PTE absorption and accumulation rates with flow rate, mangrove extent, and sedimentation was also explored. Water, sediments, and aerial roots samples were taken at four stations along the wetland from upstream fresh water toward outfall. According to the results, Cd had more distribution in sediment and water samples and plants did not play as adsorbent in the study area. The lowest and highest PTEs concentrations were detected in water and sediment media, respectively. The average concentrations of PTEs in the sediments in the Chabahar Bay were Fe > Cr > Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Cd while in aerial roots of the mangroves were Fe > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Co > As > Pb > Cd. Except Zn, As, and Cd, there was a good correlation between increasing PTEs content in the sediments with decreasing flow velocity and increasing vegetation density along stations 3 to 4. In addition, the amount of PTEs uptake by the mangroves was less than that of global wetlands. The results also demonstrated a greater uptake in aerial roots in saline water for Cr, Ni and Co. Since the absorption rate of PTEs by the aerial roots of pneumatophores is slower than that in sediments, elevated concentrations of PTEs in the sediment can disrupt the entire ecosystem, leading to a potential decline in biodiversity. These toxins can enter the food chain, affecting not only organisms directly interacting with the sediment but also higher trophic levels, such as fish and birdsNo sponso
Neurocognitive responses to spatial design behaviors and tools among interior architecture students: a pilot study
No full textThe impact of emotions on human behavior is substantial, and the ability to recognize people's feelings has a wide range of practical applications including education. Here, the methods and tools of education are being calibrated according to the data gained over electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The issue of which design tools would be ideal in the future of interior architecture education, is an uncertain field. It is important to measure the students’ emotional states while using manual and digital design tools to determine the different impacts. Brain-computer interfaces have made it possible to monitor emotional states in a way that is both convenient and economical. In the research of emotion recognition, EEG signals have been employed, and the resulting literature explains basic emotions as well as complicated scenarios that are created from the combination of numerous basic emotions. The objective of this study is to investigate the emotional states and degrees of attachment experienced by interior architecture students while engaging in their design processes. This includes examining the use of 2D or 3D tools, whether manual or digital, and identifying any changes in design tool usage and behaviors that may be influenced by different teaching techniques. Accordingly, the hierarchical clustering which is a technique used in data analysis to group objects into a hierarchical structure of clusters based on their similarities has been conducted.No sponso
The shield of resilience: Mediating the effects of internet addiction on adolescent anger control
No full textAdolescence is a crucial developmental period characterized by physical, emotional, and social changes. This makes adolescents particularly vulnerable to various stressors, including Internet addiction. The increasing prevalence of Internet use has brought new challenges, as excessive and uncontrolled engagement with digital platforms, often referred to as Internet addiction, can disrupt emotional regulation and increase behavioral difficulties. Anger control, an important component of emotional wellbeing at this stage, is particularly affected by Internet addiction and can lead to aggressive tendencies and long-term emotional problems. This study examines the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between Internet addiction and anger control among adolescents between the ages of 12 and 14. A total of 406 students, selected using convenience sampling, participated in the study. Data were collected from the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Trait Anger and Anger Expression (T-Anger and AngerEX) scale, and the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-12). Statistical analyses, including regression and mediation analyses, were conducted using the PROCESS macro in SPSS with 5000 bootstrap samples. The results show a significant negative relationship between Internet addiction and both psychological resilience and anger control, with Internet addiction explaining 20.2% of the variance in resilience and 11.5% in anger control. In addition, psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between Internet addiction on anger control, explaining 25.1% of the variance. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing psychological resilience as a protective factor to mitigate the negative impact of Internet addiction on adolescents’ emotional regulation.No sponso
Modernin üretiminde kolektif bir yaklaşım: Antalya Yalı Apartmanı
No full textCumhuriyet döneminin ekonomik gelişim politikalarında önemli bir yere sahip olan konut kooperatiflerinin
Türkiye’deki ilk örneği Ankara’da 1934 yılında kurulan Bahçelievler Yapı Kooperatifi’dir. Kooperatifleşme kısa
sürede başkentten tüm ülkeye yayılarak toplu konut üretimi için yaygın bir pratik haline dönüşmüştür. Türkiye’de
modernleşme hareketi kapsamında benimsenen korporatist toplum ideali doğrultusunda kurgulanan kooperatifler
toplumsal dayanışmanın sağlanmasını amaç edinmiştir. Antalya’nın ilk apartmanı, Yalı Apartmanı (Kırk Daireler)
da 1957'de DSİ çalışanlarına konut imkânı sağlamak için kurulan Sucular Yapı Kooperatifi tarafından inşa
edilmiştir. Kırk bağımsız birimden oluşan apartman yapısı, pilotiler üzerinde yükselen, boşaltılan giriş kotunda ve
teras çatıda ortak kullanım alanları olan, serbest plan ve serbest cephe etkisinin görüldüğü modernist yaklaşımının
yanı sıra bulunduğu coğrafyanın iklimsel verilerini de dikkate alan mekânsal özelliklere sahiptir. Yapının mimari
dili, 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında hem dünyanın hem de Türkiye’nin mimarlık ortamında etkileri hissedilen,
modernist mimar Le Corbusier’in Unité d’Habitation projesindeki tasarım yaklaşımı ile benzerlik göstermektedir.
Temel tasarım ilkeleri ve mekânsal organizasyonu incelendiğinde, Yalı Apartmanı bu yaklaşımın küçük ölçekli,
yerel bir yorumu niteliğindedir. Antalya Yalı Apartmanı’nın inşa sürecinde ve mimari dilinde görülen modernist
yaklaşımı odağına alan çalışma, kentte bulunan arşivlerde yapıya ilişkin ulaşılabilen bilgileri derleyerek, eski
kullanıcıları ile sözlü görüşmeler gerçekleştirerek, dönemin apartman yapılarını etkisi altına alan ve Yalı
Apartmanı’nda da baskın olan mimari yaklaşıma ek olarak yapının çevreden gelen verileri yorumlama biçimini
inceleyerek, yapının belgelenmeye değer özelliklerini araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kentsel dönüşüm
projesiyle yıkımı gündemde olan yapının, kolektif bir üretim biçimi olarak kooperatifçilik yönteminin benimsendiği
inşa sürecini ve sahip olduğu dönem özelliklerini belgelemek ve kentsel bellekteki yerine dikkat çekmektir.The first example of housing cooperatives, which hold a significant place in the economic development policies
of the Republican Turkey, was the Bahçelievler Cooperative in Ankara in 1934. Cooperatives spread from the
capital to the country, becoming a common practice for mass housing. Cooperatives, aligned with the corporatist
society ideal adopted within the context of the modernization movement, aimed to foster social solidarity.
Antalya's first apartment building, Yalı Apartment (Kırk Daireler), was built in 1957 by Sucular Building
Cooperative, established to provide housing opportunities for employees of DSI. The building embodies a
modernist approach characterized by open plan, free facade, and considers the geographical data. Comprising
forty units, the structure stands on pilotis, featuring shared spaces at the entrance and terrace levels. The
architectural language of the structure bears resemblance to the approach of Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation,
which has influences on the global as well as Turkey’s architectural milieu after the World War II. Upon analysing
its design principles and spatial organization, Yalı Apartment is a local interpretation of this approach on a small
scale. By compiling archival information, conducting interviews, and examining the architectural approach, this
research aims to investigate the noteworthy features of the building. The primary objective of this study is the
documentation of Yalı Apartment with its architectural characteristics and collective production process.
Additionally, the study draws attention to the place of the apartment, currently under the threat of demolition
due to an urban renewal project, within the urban memory by highlighting its historical and contextual
significance.No sponso