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The Emergence and Persistence of Racialised Stereotypes on Dutch Television: Tracing the History of Representation of Muslim Immigrants along the Archival Grain
No full textToday, stereotypical and racialised imaginations of Muslims are pervasive on Dutch television. This article traces the history of Dutch television coverage of Muslim immigrants through the lens of the archive of Sound and Vision. It demonstrates that during their symbolic transformation from ‘guest workers’ to ‘ethnic minorities’ to ‘allochtonen’ and ‘Muslims’, television’s visual repertoire of Muslim immigrants has become increasingly racially inscribed. Finally, it argues that the archive of Sound and Vision has played a performative role in the emergence and persistence of racialised stock stereotypes of Muslim immigrants
The European Illustrated Press
No full textBook review of: Thomas Smits, The European Illustrated Press and the Emergenceof a Transnational Visual Culture of the News, 1842-1870. (London: Routledge, 2020), 240 pp., isbn 978-0-429-28438-
Preservation Metadata for Software
No full textSoftware preservation is concerned with the long-term storage of and access to computer programs in order to keep software alive. As archival objects, software presents us with many challenges. The notion of software covers a huge variety of applications that have complex relationships with often specific hard- and software environments that are maybe considered quite standard at the time of release, but over time become obsolete. In order for archived software to remain accessible we need a lot of information about the original environments in which the software worked at the time of release so that it can be reconstructed, either by using original hard- and software or, more likely, by setting up an emulation of
the original environment.
This report addresses the challenges of how to capture information about the original environment in (preservation) metadata. It will first provide an overview of the types of metadata that one needs to consider when describing software, but also look at standards that will facilitate standardization and interoperability with systems for accessing software collections. It will then zoom in on system requirements: lists of properties that inform the user of software about some basic requirements that the environment must adhere to. In the following two chapters we first evaluate PREMIS as a model for describing system requirements. We then explore Wikidata as a potential semantic database that can be used as a vocabulary. Both of these chapters are exploratory in nature and will critically reflect on the degree to which PREMIS and Wikidata can play a role in describing system requirements
The Suez Crisis of 1956 and 1957 in West German Television News
No full textFrom the mid-1950s onwards, the number of television viewers in West Germany increased rapidly and television became the “window to the world” for many people. Through audio-visual reporting the people were informed so that they could feel save as they know what had happened in the world, especially in times of the Cold War. The Suez Crisis of 1956/1957 was one of the Cold War conflicts that television was able to report on continuously and thus demonstrate its advantages. The Suez Crisis has to be considered not only in the context of the larger, geopolitical conflict between East and West, but also in a decolonization context, and it affected the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) in several ways. The daily newscast Tagesschau, and the weekly compilation Wochenspiegel was able to convey images from a distant region with high actuality. In the beginning, Tagesschau used material from the cinema newsreel and followed its style, but the news editors very soon developed their own strategies of modern reporting. This article outlines the style of West German television news in the 1950s as well as the routines and ways of reporting, which continue in news production today
Tracing the Ephemeral: ‘Lesbian’ Characters in Greek Television Comedies
No full textThis paper examines how Greek television fiction introduced and represented lesbian characters during primetime. Drawing on feminist and queer theory and taking the codes and conventions of the comedy genre into account, the paper reveals Greek comedy’s elusive and ambiguous stances towards heteronormativity. By applying a qualitative textual approach, the paper argues that despite their subversive potentialities, the television shows in question (re)produce cultural stereotypes about lesbian identity, invest in queerbaiting strategies and play down the transgressive elements of certain lesbian characters. Despite this critique, the paper stresses the importance of recording, archiving, and further exploring such ephemeral moments in television history in understanding how small national television industries as well as audiences have engaged with the visual representation of gender and sexual diversity
De krant: Een cultuurgeschiedenis
No full textBook review of: Huub Wijfjes and Frank Harbers (eds.), De krant: Een cultuurgeschiedenis, (Amsterdam: Boom, 2019), 352 pp., isbn 978902441981
De liefdesverklaring aan een foto-archief over koloniale oorlogsvoering
No full textBook review of: Pierre Schill (ed.). Réveiller l’archive d’une guerre coloniale. (Grane, Creaphis Éditions, 2018), 482 pp. isbn 978235428141
Transnational Journalism History: Expanding Boundaries
No full textIntroduction to the special issue on Transnational Journalism History
Transnational Journalism History and China Matters
No full textAs a valuable historiographical approach to investigating media and culture in the Asia-Pacific region, transnational journalism history has begun to inquire into the interconnectedness between media landscapes of Western countries and those of the Far East. This article reflects on the historical interconnectedness between Chinese journalism and its overseas counterparts, showing how China matters appeal to the growing discourse of transnational journalism history. It begins with a concise review of the rise of transnational history and its influence on media historiography. Turning focus to the Chinese context, the article explores the entanglements between Chinese journalism history and the discourse of transnational journalism history. It provides examples of media agents, networks, concepts and norms, journalistic content, and journalism education involved in the transnational projects between China and other countries. In doing so, this article envisions possible directions for future research
Literature and Journalism in Portugal: The Major Contribution of Eça de Queirós
No full textUsing a cultural and transnational history approach, this paper aims to situate the origins of Portuguese journalism from 1865–1900 in a much broader set of literary practices. To understand the relationship between literature and journalism, it follows the trajectory of the novelist Eça de Queirós, an intellectual who had a keen perception of the historical context in which he lived (1845–1900). The fact that he lived abroad during most of his active life, working in consular posts (Havana, Newcastle, Bristol and Paris), enabled him to have access to the foreign press and gave him a clear perception of the different cultural geographies of Europe at the end of the 19th century. Although this reading is only based on the perspective of one writer, the article argues, nevertheless, that Queirós’ fictional and non-fictional writings offer us a renewed perspective on transnational literary journalism in the context of the emergence of mass culture