Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Opolskiego (E-Journals)
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Relationship between Sense of Stress and Posttraumatic Growth: The Effect of Parent Sex and Child Disability Type
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Raising a child with a disability is associated with both negative and positive outcomes in parents. We explored the relationship between maternal and paternal stress and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a Polish sample of 325 parents of children identified with intellectual disability (ID) or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) without ID. We found that the highest level of PTG is characteristic of mothers of children with ASD, followed by mothers of children with ID. However, a considerable proportion of fathers also experienced average or high PTG. Mothers experienced lower levels of stress than fathers. Whereas positive correlations (including the quadratic relation) between certain dimensions of stress and PTG were found in mothers, no significant correlations between the variables were indicated in fathers. The results of this study can inform recommendations to improve therapeutic activities aimed at providing them with support and strengthening transformative beneficial changes
Małżeństwo i rodzina wobec współczesnych zagrożeń społeczno-kulturowych
Get PDFThe research context: The modern family is under the influence of deep and rapid sociocultural changes. The quality rather than the value of life is becoming increasingly popular, and the search for happiness at any cost is becoming the guiding principle. This leads to a spiritual crisis, which manifests itself in the questioning of basic values, norms and principles. Not-unquestionably, one of the main reasons for this is the rejection of God and His laws, and the fostering of hedonism, utilitarianism and conformity.The research objective: The purpose of this article is to reflect on the condition of marriage and the family in the situation of threats that are emerging in the modern world. The research problem is contained in the question of what threats to marriage and family are brought by socio-cultural changes in the modern world.The research methods: The publication is a review and was based on the analysis of the subject literature from the perspective of theological and sociological sciences.Achieved results: The analysis of the literature confirms that the changes taking place are causing very dangerous consequences for humanity as a whole, but especially for marriage and the family, which lie at the heart of the Christian civilization of love.Conclusions: Because of the threats to the traditional family model, there is an urgent need for the non-student formation of parents, since, among other things, their example plays a primary role in the upbringing of the younger generation.Współczesna rodzina jest pod wpływem głębokich i szybkich przemian społeczno-kulturowych, które stwarzają dla niej nowe trudności i wyzwania. Wiele rodzin dochowuje wierności swoim wartościom, ale niektóre stają się zagubione, zatracając świadomość właściwego rozumienia swojego powołania i przeznaczenia.
Tradycyjny model rodziny ustępuje miejsca związkom kontraktowym bądź partnerskim. Coraz większą popularnością cieszy się jakość, a nie wartość życia, a naczelną zasadą staje się poszukiwanie szczęścia za wszelką cenę. To wszystko prowadzi to do kryzysu duchowego, który ujawnia się w kwestionowaniu podstawowych wartości, norm i zasad. Niewątpliwie jedną z głównych przyczyn tego stanu rzeczy jest odrzucenie Boga i Jego praw, a sprzyjanie hedonizmowi, utylitaryzmowi i konformizmowi.
Rodzi to bardzo niebezpieczne skutki dla całej ludzkości, ale przede wszystkim dla małżeństwa i rodziny, które leżą u podstaw chrześcijańskiej cywilizacji miłości. Następuje negowanie wartości małżeństwa i rodziny. Ze względu na zagrożenia tradycyjnego modelu rodziny istnieje pilna potrzeba przeciwdziałania zarówno Kościoła, jak i innych instytucji życia społecznego. Potrzebna jest przede wszystkim formacja rodziców, gdyż m.in. ich przykład odgrywa pierwszoplanową rolę w wychowaniu młodego pokolenia
Early initiation of drinking and its consequences: the case of the Czech Republic: The case of the Czech Republic
No full textBackground: The WHO European Region has the highest alcohol consumption of all six WHO regions. The research presented here is conducted in the Czech Republic, which has the highest average per capita alcohol consumption in Europe. The problem of alcoholism among children and adults is still not sufficiently perceived by Czech society as a risk and threat to the population's future health. Objective: The research aimed to confirm a relationship between the onset of alcohol consumption at a young age and the amount/frequency of current alcohol consumption. Method: Data analysis was conducted on a representative sample of children aged 6-17 (n= 2948; man:1492; 50,61 %; woman: 1456; 49,39%). Only 36.87% of children in our sample do not drink alcohol at all. 6.28% of children tasted alcohol for the first time before the age of 6. 19.30% tasted alcohol between the ages of 6 and 10, and 38.16% between the ages of 11 and 14. Results: The research confirms the association between early initiation of alcohol consumption and increased risk of binge drinking at older ages. Children who drink alcohol daily start very early. Children who consume alcohol only infrequently start drinking after age 15. Conclusion: The text intends to draw attention to the fact that despite existing prevention programs and interventions, alcohol consumption among children and adolescents is still a severe and contemporary problem related to the high tolerance of society towards alcohol consumption. The degree of denormalization of underage drinking in the Czech Republic is still low. However, even if we accept the thesis of gradual demoralization of drinking, which is based on the assumption of declining alcohol consumption, it appears that early initiation of drinking is thus becoming an increasingly important indicator of wider risk behavior and needs increased attention
Discourse in the context of language history – research potential and perspectives
Get PDFThe aim of the paper is to indicate the research potential and perspective of discourse as a historical and dynamic phenomenon. Methodology used in the paper concentrates on discourse linguistics, stylistics, and text linguistics, which is related to the conceptof language as a mode of communication manifested at its higher levels. What is important, the author is convinced that historical dimensions can be embedded into the definition of discourse. The first aspect constitutes the extension of the reflection at the discourse level in historical language studies. However, the inverse relation is most interesting. It is worth noting that the language history research could enrich the concept of discourse. Referring to previous research on the history of Polish scientific discourse and discourse of the excluded, the author formulates a thesis on the influence of the historical research on the concept of discourse, which could manifest itself in the following ways: (1) remodelling of the definition of discourse; (2) discourse dynamics; and (3) external discourse changes (cultural, sociological). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The complementarity of language historyand discourse linguistics should be considered. (2) Discourse definition is an open category and, among others, depends on historical changes. (3) The dynamic nature of discourse could be the basis for adopting historical discourse studies as a subdisciplineof linguistics. (4) Historical aspects of discourse can encourage research on communication as a dynamic, multifaceted, and complex component of culture
Paratekst – od koncepcji Gérarda Genette’a po współczesną praktykę badań paratekstualnych
Get PDFThis article will examine the reception of the concept of paratext from its introduction into the research space by the French literary scholar Gérard Genette to the contemporary practice of paratextual research. Paratext has been annexed in such fields as library science, cultural studies, translation studies, media studies, and linguistics, among others, demonstrating the coherence of typologically diverse objects. At the same time, the concept has undergone a kind of redefinition over the years, wideningor narrowing the scope of its use. This regularity is a determinant of the review of the existing literature, with a particular focus on the reception of paratext in linguistic research. Considerations in this area concern the functional aspect of paratexts, whichwas undertaken by Romualda Piętkowa or Danuta Piekarczyk; the creative nature of the adaptation of G. Genete’s ideas by Iwona Loewe, whose research activities are located both in linguistics (linguistic genealogy) and communication theory (communicology) or media studies; the methodological proposal for the analysis of contemporary cultural texts as paratexts in a linguistic perspective
Seksualność a przywiązanie
No full textThis publication refers to the J. Bowlby’s attachment theory. This theory says that in human there is a biologically conditioned tendency to search and create proximity to significant persons. Followers of Bowlby – C. Hazan i P. Shaver considered romantic relation as an attachment relation. They have found that both in child-parent and romantic relation the same biological system is responsible for emotional and behavioral evolution of relation. The base of attachment is emotional and psychical proximity.
In this work it is emphasized how important for creation of attachment in romantic relation first sexual contacts are. It is also underlined that breaking romantic or child-mother relation may provoke serious traumatism.
The author of the publication claims that among factors influencing proximity in sexual relation are: emotional proximity, sex (stronger impact in case of women), earlier effort to abstain from this relation (eg. religiously motivated), whether the partner is or is not the first one (stronger impact in case of the first sexual partner)
