Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Opolskiego (E-Journals)
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Komunikacja w rodzinach pochodzenia w koncepcji Modelu Kołowego Davida H. Olsona a samoocena wzrastających w nich młodych dorosłych
Get PDFThe research presented in the article focused on the context of shaping self-esteem in individuals raised in households with varying levels of family communication. The research objective was to determine the levels of general self-esteem and specific self-esteem in adults who grew up in families with different levels of cohesion, flexibility, and communication. The study was conducted among 252 men and 252 women using a diagnostic survey, employing David H. Olson's Family Assessment Scales and the Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory by Edward J. O'Brien and Seymour Epstein. The research confirmed weak to moderate correlations between the quality of communication in families of origin and the level of self-esteem in adulthood. The findings indicate that the more effective the communication in families of origin, the higher the self-esteem of young adults. Conversely, the less effective the communication, the lower their self-esteem. The conclusions lead to recommendations for improving parents' communication skills, which would, in turn, enhance their children's communication abilities and strengthen their self-esteem and sense of self-worth.Zaprezentowane w artykule badania obejmowały kontekst kształtowania samooceny osób wychowywanych w domach o różnych poziomach wzajemnej komunikacji członków rodziny. Celem badawczym było określenie poziomów samooceny ogólnej i samoocen szczegółowych osób dorosłych wzrastających w rodzinach o różnych poziomach spójności, elastyczności i komunikacji. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 252 mężczyzn i 252 kobiet, za pomocą sondażu diagnostycznego, z wykorzystaniem Skal Oceny Rodziny Davida H. Olsona oraz Wielowymiarowego Kwestionariusza Samooceny Edwarda J. O’Brien’a i Seymour Epstein. Badania potwierdzają nikłe i przeciętne poziomy korelacji pomiędzy jakością komunikacji w rodzinach pochodzenia a poziomem samooceny w dorosłości. Z badań wynika, że im bardziej prawidłowa była komunikacja w rodzinach pochodzenia, w ocenie retrospektywnej respondentów, tym wyższy okazał się poziom samooceny młodych dorosłych. Im mniej prawidłowa była ta komunikacja, tym poziom ich samooceny okazywał się niższy. Wnioski z badań prowadzą do postawienia postulatów o zwiększenie zdolności komunikacyjnych rodziców, w efekcie czego kształtowane będą umiejętności komunikowania się wśród ich dzieci oraz wzmocniona zostanie ich samoocena oraz poczucie własnej wartości
Teologicznomoralny fundament duszpasterstwa młodzieży ukierunkowanego na dojrzałość seksualną
No full textThere has been an ongoing discussion within the Catholic Church on the shape of pastoral care for young people, taking into account the delicate sphere of human sexuality. Some debaters advocate alterations of the Church’s teaching on human sexuality. Others claim that one should not give up a clear presentation of the moral truth, even if it applies to such a delicate matter as sexuality.
The aim of this article is to verify a thesis that youth ministry meant to lead to a mature experience of sexuality should be built on a deep theological and anthropological foundation, enabling the formation of reliable moral norms.
Achieving the objective of the article was possible due to application of methods of theological sciences, by analysis of sources relevant to theology. The ministry itself is carried out within the Church that has, most of all, theological foundations. Among numerous theological sources the following two have been chosen: the 19th chapter of the Gospel according to Matthew and the teaching of John Paul II on this chapter.
The analyses confirmed the initial thesis. The youth pastoral care should spring from deep theological sources: it should be Christocentric. The pastoral care should be ready to create faith environments in which it is possible to become passionate about the person of Jesus Christ. The tasks of pastoral care in the sphere of sexuality are above all: showing the beauty of marriage open to children and pointing at the unique value of celibacy for the Kingdom of God. The analyses have proven that while performing the pastoral activities one should not be afraid to impose demands present in the teaching of the Church, but at the same time it is necessary to constantly demonstrate the power of God’s grace.W Kościele katolickim trwa dyskusja o kształcie duszpasterstwa ludzi młodych, uwzględniającego delikatną sferę ludzkiej płciowości. Jedni opowiadają się za modyfikacją nauczania Kościoła na temat ludzkiej seksualności. Inni twierdzą, że nie należy rezygnować z jasnego przedstawia prawdy moralnej, także w tak wrażliwej dziedzinie, jaką jest seksualność.
Niniejszy artykuł postawił sobie za cel zweryfikowanie tezy, że duszpasterstwo młodzieży, które ma prowadzić do dojrzałego przeżywania seksualności, powinno być zbudowane na głębokim fundamencie teologicznym i antropologicznym, umożliwiającym wyprowadzenie wiarygodnych norm moralnych.
Osiągnięcie zamierzonego w artykule celu stało się możliwe dzięki zastosowaniu metody nauk teologicznych, poprzez analizę źródeł właściwych dla teologii. Samo bowiem duszpasterstwo realizowane jest w Kościele, posiadającym nade wszystko teologiczne fundamenty. Spośród wielości źródeł teologicznych wybrano tu dwa: 19 rozdział Ewangelii św. Mateusza oraz nauczanie Jana Pawła II na temat tegoż rozdziału.
Prowadzone analizy potwierdziły postawioną tezę. Duszpasterstwo młodzieży winno wypływać z głębokich źródeł teologicznych: powinno być chrystocentryczne. Duszpasterstwo to powinno być gotowe do tworzenia dla ludzi młodych środowisk wiary, w których możliwa jest fascynacja Osobą Jezusa Chrystusa. Zadaniem działań pastoralnych w sferze seksualnej są nade wszystko: ukazywanie piękna małżeństwa otwartego na potomstwo oraz wskazywanie na wyjątkową wartość bezżenności dla królestwa niebieskiego. Analizy wykazały, że w duszpasterskim zaangażowaniu nie należy bać się stawiania wymagań, obecnych w nauczaniu Kościoła, przy czym równocześnie potrzebne jest stałe ukazywanie mocy łaski Bożej
Psychoedukacja rodziców w przeciwdziałaniu transmisji pokoleniowej przemocy w rodzinie
No full textViolence against children in the family is a problem that has been observed for centuries. One of the sources of treating it as common, and by many as a natural way of upbringing, is intergenerational transmission. Observing violent behavior of parents in childhood and imitating it in adulthood is associated with the phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of such forms of family relations. The research presented in the article confirms the high probability of such transmission. Adult spouses experiencing violence from their own parents in childhood were more likely to direct deprecation and physical and verbal aggression toward their partners than those not experiencing it. They were less likely to show them their support and commitment to building relationships. The study also showed that those who experienced childhood violence as a result of participating in the psycho-educational classes of the School for Parents changed their parenting attitudes from abnormal to normal to some extent. They began to show more acceptance and understanding of their children's right to develop autonomy, they also became more consistent and made excessive demands on them less often. The study confirmed that it is possible to weaken and even stop the process of intergenerational transmission of violence against children through a psycho-educational form of family support.Przemoc wobec dzieci w rodzinie to problem obserwowany przez stulecia. Jednym ze źródeł traktowania jej jako powszechnego, a przez wielu jako naturalnego sposobu wychowania, jest przekaz międzypokoleniowy. Obserwowanie w dzieciństwie przemocowych zachowań rodziców i naśladowanie ich w dorosłości wiąże się ze zjawiskiem transmisji międzypokoleniowej takich form relacji rodzinnych. W badaniach zaprezentowanych w artykule potwierdzono wysokie prawdopodobieństwo takiej transmisji. Dorośli małżonkowie doświadczający w dzieciństwie przemocy od własnych rodziców częściej niż nie doświadczający jej kierowali do swoich partnerów deprecjację oraz agresją fizyczną i werbalną. Rzadziej okazywali im swoje wsparcie i zaangażowanie w budowanie relacji. W badaniach ukazano także, że osoby doświadczające przemocy w dzieciństwie w wyniku uczestnictwa w zajęciach psychoedukacyjnych Szkoła dla Rodziców w pewnym stopniu zmieniły swoje postawy rodzicielskie z nieprawidłowych na prawidłowe. Zaczęły przejawiać wobec dzieci więcej akceptacji i zrozumienia ich prawa do rozwoju autonomii, stały się też bardziej konsekwentne i rzadziej stawiały wobec nich nadmierne wymagania. Badania potwierdziły, że istnieje możliwość osłabienia, a nawet zatrzymania procesu transmisji międzypokoleniowej przemocy wobec dzieci poprzez psychoedukacyjną formę wsparcia rodziny
Psałterz Dawidów (1543) Mikołaja Reja wobec stylistycznych wzorców polszczyzny biblijnej
Get PDFThe article aims to reflect on most important stylistic properties the David Psalter [Psałterz Dawidów] (1543) by Mikołaj Rej in the light of stylistic patterns of the Polish biblical language in the first half of the 16th century. The scholars consider the existence of two parallel biblical stylistic patterns of translated works in the middle of the 16th century: (1) a traditional pattern with stylistic elements typical of the artistic and rhetorical style; and (2) an innovative pattern with modernistic elements and the abundant existence of vernacular everyday speech. The existing research that focuses on the translation techniques links the David Psalter to the modernistic tendencies. It also emphasises that Mikołaj Rej refers to the tradition of free translation presented in Poland in the translation of Walenty Wróbel. The analysis of the article indicates that Mikołaj Rej consciously follows two mentioned patterns and that there is an unexpected abundance of elements typical of the traditional biblical style. In turn, the innovative patterns, clearly visible in other works of Mikołaj Rej, are scarce and carefully applied while preserving the lexemes which form the traditional features of the biblical Polish language
Oľga Orgoňová a jej úloha v paradigmatike slovenskej štylistiky
Get PDFThe paper focuses on the research contribution of Oľga Orgoňová in the field of Slovak stylistics. Her work spans three decades of the ‘post-Mistrik’ era and contributes significantly to the turnaround in theoretical thinking about style. Professor Orgoňová’s work reflects the methodological transformation from stylistics as a doctrine of linguistic models and ways of shaping a text (functional stylistics), through the view of style in the context of socially conditioned verbal action (interactional style), to the most recent concept of inclusive stylistics.In this paper, we outline a model of Slovak stylistic development through the identification of stylistic paradigms reflected (affirmatively or contradictorily) in the work of this linguist. We associate the basic concepts from her scholarly work with the terminology known from other conceptions of the West Slavic stylistics and implicate a further perspective for developing theoretical thinking about style, especially in the direction of communication styles and inclusive stylistics, which fits into the model of pragmatic stylistics as socially ‘useful’ stylistics. The communication styles themselves, corresponding to the empirical grasp, are explained in relation to and in continuity with the tradition of functional language styles
Organizacja tekstu naukowego oglądana z perspektywy modeli zdaniowych (na materiale z obszaru humanistyki)
Get PDFThe article presents the organisation of a scientific text in terms of the structuralsemantic types of sentences (sentence models) used in it, based on the system of sentence models developed for this type of text. This system consists of four models:syntactic patterns with prototypical meaning assigned to them, each of which includes base sentences and transformed sentences. The analysis is preceded by a description of the transformations leading to changes in the model qualification of the sentence,underlying which are primarily the processes of semantic and syntactic derivations.After counting the base and transformed sentences – representatives of separate models occurring in the texts – the organisation of the scientific text appears as a hierarchical structure, organised around the sentences of the relational model. The next mostfrequent models in terms of frequency are the activity model, the existence model, and the characterisation model. The analysis carried out contributes to a better understanding of the syntactic layer of the text as a determinant of scientific style, thusfilling the gap in knowledge of this element of stylistic characteristics of scientific texts in the humanities
Bezdzietność z wyboru w konfrontacji z podstawowymi wartościami małżeństwa. Perspektywa katolickiej teologii moralnej
No full textContemporary socio-cultural changes and the mentality associated mainly with individualism have a significant impact on marriage and family. This is manifested not only in the change of the concept of marriage and family, but also in delaying the decision of marriage, alternative forms of marital life, acceptance of divorces and infidelity, as well as transformation in the understanding and realization of the procreative function of marriage. The report published by CBOS in January 2010 presenting the results of the studies on the procreation attitudes of Poles shows that the vast majorityof respondents under 30 years of age are planning to have an offspring, but there are also those who do not intend to have children. There are many reasons for this approach to procreation, and the phenomenon of voluntary exclusion of children from marital life is referred to as childfree by choice. Although childlessness affects nowadays many marriage couples, and it has its roots in various biological and social reasons, being childfree by choice is a conscious attitude of exclusion offspring from marital life, in a situation where parenting is possible, based on different motives and not just for some defined period of time in marriage, but for the whole martial life. The phenomenon of childfree by choice is the subject of researches of various sciences, including sociology, psychology, anthropology, cultural studies and philosophy. The childfree by choice, understood as a specific attitude to formation of marital life, is also an interest of moral theology, especially of its important branch which is the morality of marriage and family life. The following text is an attempt to assess the problem of the childfree by choice from the perspective of catholic moral theology and its confrontation with the core values associated with the meaning of marriage and family life. One of the fundamental values of marriage is the vocation of spouses to parenthood, the negation of which is the attitude to the childfree by choice. Another problem that arises in connection with the conscious resignation by spouses of parenting is the understanding of the nature of spousal love, which is the foundation of marriage. Childfree by choice is an attitude justified by the spouses with different reasons, including responsibility, which makes it important to confront the issue from the perspective of the concept closely connected with married life, namely responsible parenthood. Marriage and the fulfillment of its procreative function is for the catholic moral theology an important social value, consequently also from this point of view the attitude of conscious choice of childfree in marriage was analyzed
Rodzina w dobie kryzysu ekologicznego – perspektywa teologiczna
Get PDFThere is a lot that we can read and speak about ecology today, but also about its crisis. Searching for reasons of environmental degradation we can notice the problem of peoples desire to possess and dominate over creation. Such an attitude of the man is denying the will of God, which was presented to people at the very beginning of their existence: God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground." Then God said, "I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food (Genesis 1, 28-29). A new chance for the man and the created world is a family, where the man can experience the presence of God and pursue his vocation of love to the created world. A family and joint actions undertaken give the possibility of changing not only the destroyed nature, but the man as well. The family is the prime performer of Gods command to care about the created world. That is the man living in a family, according to the Gods will, who is supposed to rule over the earth in a responsible way and with love. That is why it so important for a family nowadays, in times of ecological crisis, to live ecologically. Healthy lifestyle together with respect for the whole creation make up a platform for understanding among people and a chance for appropriate implementation of Gods ecological command. To fulfill obediently Gods command of human service towards natural environment it is necessary to know what contemporary ecological threats are. One of the ways to protect nature, among many concerns for the work of Gods creation, is an environmental attitude towards procreation, which, in the family, reflects a servant attitude towards others, an attitude which is focused on giving and not on possessing or using. Mans responsibility for his family here and now, but also for future generations that are going to possess the earth with all its stock good and bad, is enormous. It is all the more necessary to form peoples sense of responsibility for preserving creation, scrupulous environmental attitude and knowledge about possible forms of family involvement in the affairs of ecology. It is necessary to retreat from the way of economical splendor and change the mode of thinking and acting in order to fulfill the assumptions. It is also necessary to realizethat the possibility of the cooperation with God in the creative plan of the earth isGods gift, great privilege for man