Erciyes University - AVESIS
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Investigating the novel use of rosehip extracts and seed oils in the production of alginate-based edible films
No full textThis study formulated biodegradable, edible films with sodium alginate and varying concentrations and a combination of seed oils (watermelon seed oil, sesame seed oil) and rosehip extract. In the present study, rosehip, sesame, and watermelon seed oils, which incorporated many bioactive compounds and are known to have antioxidant properties, were incorporated into edible films to improve the film properties due to the controlled release of the active substance and thus increase the storage time. The potential to form alginate-based edible films by incorporating this extract and seed oils into alginate-based films has not been thoroughly investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical, physical, thermal, and antioxidant properties characterized the edible film samples. The biodegradability by soil was also performed. Blending rosehip extract and its combination with seed oils significantly improved the films' antioxidant properties while reducing moisture content. In the study, the highest total phenolic content was recorded in the rosehip + sesame oil film (R2) sample (0.418 ± 0.015 mg GAE/g) and the lowest total phenolic content was recorded in the control sample (0.208 ± 0.014 mg GAE/g). Additionally, the highest % moisture value was recorded in the control sample (68.060 ± 0.530%), and the lowest % moisture value was recorded in the rosehip + sesame oil film (R2) sample (61.223 ± 0.881%). Watermelon seed oil blended film samples showed more homogeneity and had smooth surfaces compared to control samples. Alginate-based films incorporated with seed oils and rosehip extract may have caused color differences and whiteness index due to phenolic and bioactive compounds in their content. Soil degradation properties showed that the films were biodegradable. The elongation at break value of alginate-based films combined with rosehip extract and seed oils showed a significant increase compared to the control films. According to the results, alginate-based films combined with rosehip extract (films compounded with rosehip extract only and films compounded with rosehip and selected seed oils) improved film properties compared to control films. In addition, the incorporation of rosehip extract into the films improved the film properties compared to the films obtained using only seed oil. Based on the findings of this study, the use of rosehip extract, sesame, and watermelon seed oil in the development of composite biodegradable, edible films of sodium alginate could be used as a suitable alternative for edible food packaging
Microplastic presence in the fluid of otitis media with effusion
No full textObjective: To investigate the presence and characterize microplastics in middle ear effusions from children with otitis media with effusion. Methods: Middle ear effusions were collected from 24 patients (13 males, 11 females; mean age 5.4 years) with bilateral OME (>= 3 months duration) or unilateral OME (>= 9 months duration) undergoing myringotomy. Effusions were aspirated, washed with filtered distilled water, treated with 10 % KOH, and incubated. Samples were then filtered through a 0.7 mu m glass fiber filter, washed with acetone, and stained with rose Bengal. Microplastic presence and characterization were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. Results: Microplastics were detected in 11 of 40 MEE samples (27.5 %). Two patients exhibited bilateral microplastic presence. Identified microplastics included acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyurethane glycol, polymethyl siloxane, polypropylene, polyethylene diethyl chlorophosphite, and polyamide. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for the presence of microplastics in MEEs of patients with OME, warranting further investigation into potential implications. Clinical trials number: NCT06316635
Supernova pointing capabilities of DUNE
No full textThe determination of the direction of a stellar core collapse via its neutrino emission is crucial for the identification of the progenitor for a multimessenger follow-up. A highly effective method of reconstructing supernova directions within the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is introduced. The supernova neutrino pointing resolution is studied by simulating and reconstructing electron-neutrino charged-current absorption on (Formula presented) and elastic scattering of neutrinos on electrons. Procedures to reconstruct individual interactions, including a newly developed technique called “brems flipping,” as well as the burst direction from an ensemble of interactions are described. Performance of the burst direction reconstruction is evaluated for supernovae happening at a distance of 10 kpc for a specific supernova burst flux model. The pointing resolution is found to be 3.4 degrees at 68% coverage for a perfect interaction-channel classification and a fiducial mass of 40 kton, and 6.6 degrees for a 10 kton fiducial mass respectively. Assuming a 4% rate of charged-current interactions being misidentified as elastic scattering, DUNE’s burst pointing resolution is found to be 4.3 degrees (8.7 degrees) at 68% coverage
Chemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity assessments of<i> Apis</i><i> mellifera</i><i> intermissa</i> venom collected in Northeast Algeria
No full textThis study characterized the venom of the Algerian honeybee, Apis mellifera intermissa, and evaluated its key biological activities. Biochemical analysis by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that melittin, the main component of bee venom, constituted approximately 38 % of its dry weight. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) confirmed the presence of major components, including melittin (similar to 3-5 kDa), phospholipase A(2) (similar to 15-20 kDa), and hyaluronidase (similar to 44 kDa). The venom exhibited strong antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. Potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Acinetobacter baumannii, yielding low minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC). The anti-inflammatory potential was evidenced by the inhibition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation. Furthermore, the venom exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 17.17 mu g/mL and 11.90 mu g/mL, respectively. These findings highlight venom as a rich source of bioactive compounds with multifaceted therapeutic potential for pharmacological development
Liraglutide as a novel therapeutic for overweight in canines: A clinical study
No full textBackground: The overweight/obesity in dogs is defined as a condition of abnormal fat accumulation or, beyond that, a multifactorial condition involving excessive fat accumulation along with different factors (insufficient physical activity, genetics (breed), metabolism, the microbiome, etc.). Preclinical obesity conditions increases the risk of progressing to clinical obesity and developing obesity-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and mental disorders. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the weight-loss effects of liraglutide in dogs that do not engage in sufficient exercise, are fed table scraps, and develop obesity owing to aging. Animals: In this study, 21 senior Golden Retriever dogs were divided into three equal groups. Methods: Group 1 was considered healthy and consisted of dogs within the range of ideal body live weight and body condition scores, and fed dry commercial dog food at the amount of their daily metabolizable energy requirements. Group 2 included seven senior dogs with obesity fed commercial dry food adjusted for their daily metabolizable energy requirements. Group 3 comprised seven senior dogs with obesity fed commercial dry food adjusted for their daily energy requirements and concurrently treated with subcutaneous liraglutide at a dose of 1.2 mg/dog. The trial lasted for 40 days. Results: Liraglutide treatment resulted in a decrease in body condition score (BCS) and body weight by day 40, although the reduction in body weight (13.27 %) did not reach statistical significance. Liraglutide significantly lowered cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and appetite tests revealed a marked suppression of food intake over consecutive days in treated dogs. Conclusions and clinical importance: Liraglutide treatment may offer a viable option for treating obesity in dogs, and could potentially be used as a new anti-obesity drug in canines. Future long-term and detailed trials of liraglutide in dogs with obesity could facilitate its effective use in the field
The Effects of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on Spermatological Parameters of Merino Ram
No full textIn recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a rapidly advancing field with diverse applications across various sectors including materials science, electronics, healthcare, aerospace, environmental sustainability, defense, biotechnology, agriculture, and food industries. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have recently gained significance as nanomaterials due to their stability, inert properties, thermal durability, low density, minimal toxicity, and biocompatibility. These attributes will make mesoporous silica nanoparticles instrumental in drug delivery systems, cellular imaging, and therapeutic interventions. In this study, aimed at assessing the potential of MSNs as effective carriers for various materials to spermatozoa (sptz), experimental groups were established as control (C), MSN10 (10 μg/107 sptz), MSN20 (20 μg/107 sptz), and MSN40 (40 μg/107 sptz). To investigate this hypothesis, semen was collected from five healthy rams (2-3 years of age), pooled, diluted, and divided into experimental groups. Following this study, analyses were conducted on motility, dead-live spermatozoa ratio, functional integrity of the sperm's plasma membrane (HOST), and abnormal spermatozoa ratios across five replicates. It was observed that MSNs did not have a negative effect on the freezability of ram semen in terms of dead-live spermatozoa ratio and HOST data, but caused an increase in motility (MSN40) and head and tail abnormality levels compared to the control group, though still within acceptable ranges. In the light of the data obtained, it is suggested that MSNs can be used as biocarriers for ram semen in terms of basic spermatological parameters, but it is necessary to expand the scope of the research and conduct more detailed analyzes.</p
