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Biochemical composition, nutrient content, and antioxidant capacity of leaves in cornelian cherry (<i>Cornus mas</i> L.)
No full textThis study aimed to characterize the antioxidant capacity, biochemical composition, nutrient content, and morphological traits of 30 Turkish cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes, specifically focusing on the leaves. Significant genetic variability was observed among the genotypes. Genotype "44-14" exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (78.50%), total phenolics (238.69 mg GAE 100 g- 1), and total flavonoids (59.54 mg QE 100 g- 1), while genotype "44-22" recorded the lowest values (36.50%, 109.42 mg GAE 100 g- 1, and 16.66 mg QE 100 g- 1, respectively). Nutrient analysis revealed calcium concentrations ranging from 9704 to 22,992 mg kg- 1 (genotypes "44-20" and "44-09", respectively), magnesium levels between 2032 and 4292 mg kg- 1 (genotypes "44-20" and "44-17", respectively), and potassium content from 862 to 2730 mg kg- 1 (genotypes "77-09" and "44-05", respectively). Morphological traits varied significantly, with leaf length ranging from 16 to 47 mm (genotypes "44-03" and "44-16", respectively), and leaf width spanning 44 to 79.54 mm (genotypes "44-03" and "44-07," respectively). A strong association was observed between antioxidant activity and total phenolics. The first six principal components with an eigenvalue greater than one were considered, accounting for 78.82% of the total variation. This study emphasizes the novelty of investigating leaves, whereas previous research has primarily concentrated on fruits. The findings highlight the untapped potential of cornelian cherry leaves as a valuable source of antioxidants, phenolics, and essential nutrients, with promising applications in breeding programs, nutraceuticals, and the development of functional foods
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No full textThe impact of abamectin treatment on oxidative stress and the caspase-3/caspase-8/caspase-9/Bcl-2/Bax/Fas/p53 mediated apoptotic pathway: Role of baicalin and vitamin E
No full textAbamectin (ABM) is synthesised by Streptomyces avermitilis and is used for the treatment of Onchocerca volvulus in humans and also in the veterinary and agricultural areas. The study employed 48 male Wistar Albino rats, aged 2–3 months and weighed 150–200 g, 8 per group. Control animals received corn oil. The experimental groups received 100 mg/kg.bw baicalin (BAI), 100 mg/kg.bw vitamin E (VIT E), 2 mg/kg.bw ABM, 2 mg/kg.bw ABM combined with 100 mg/kg.bw BAI, and 2 mg/kg.bw ABM combined with 100 mg/kg.bw VIT E for 28 days. Oxidative stress parameters of MDA, NO, GSH, GPx, GR, GST, SOD, and CAT, liver expression levels of caspase 3, 8, 9, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, and p53, and biochemical parameters of triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, LDH, AST, ALT and ALP were measured. ABM alone caused significant variations in the investigated parameters, but the combinations of ABM plus BAI or VIT E corresponded more closely to the control values. ABM altered the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, increasing oxidation and apoptosis. VIT E and BAI was regressed this pathological process to some extent. Toxic impact mitigation was similar for both compounds. VIT E and BAI may serve as additional treatments in cases of ABM toxicity
Multicenter evaluation of ambulatory blood pressure in children with CAKUT: distinctive profiles in the cystic dysplasia subgroup
No full textBackground Hypertension (HT) is an important risk factor in patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), independent of the existing anomaly in childhood. This study aimed to investigate masked hypertension and/or blood pressure profiles in different subgroups with a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Methods The study included participants from seven different pediatric nephrology centers in T & uuml;rkiye. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed on patients aged 5-18 years, diagnosed with CAKUT, with a GFR above 100 ml/min/m(2), and normal office blood pressure measurements. Validated Mobil-O-Graph or Spacelabs devices were used in all centers. Results In total, 118 healthy control data and 322 patients with CAKUT were evaluated, consisting of 73 (22.7%) with agenesis, 79 (24.5%) with cystic dysplasia, 92 (28.6%) with vesicoureteral reflux, 18 (5.6%) with UPJ (ureteropelvic junction) obstruction, and 60 (18.6%) with other conditions. In all CAKUT patients, daytime systolic blood pressure (SBP) and both day and nighttime diastolic blood pressure (DBP) loads were significantly higher compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). Nocturnal hypertension was identified in 58 (18%) of 322 children, whereas none of the control group presented hypertension. Children with cystic dysplasia had the highest nighttime hypertension proportions (22.7%) when compared to other subgroups. All data revealed higher total systolic-diastolic SDS and total mean SDS in the cystic dysplasia subgroup (p < 0.05). Conclusions The findings underscore the importance of blood pressure monitoring in the follow-up of patients with CAKUT, especially those with cystic dysplasia, even in the absence of GFR decline
Genomic characterization of five novel Salmonella phages and the assessment of their biocontrol potential for the preservation of chicken meat
No full textThe rise of multidrug-resistant Salmonella poses a significant threat to food safety and public health, necessitating novel antimicrobial strategies. The primary objective of this study was to characterize novel bacteriophages and assess their biocontrol potential against predominant Salmonella serotypes. A total of 84 lytic bacteriophages specific to various Salmonella enterica serotypes were isolated from wastewater sources across Türkiye. Five phages (S.Hadar 4–5-1, S.Inf 5–2, S.Typ Adana, S.Ent 1–35-3, and S.Kent 1–2-1) demonstrating broad lytic activity to tested major serotypes ( S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Infantis, S . Kentucky, S . Newport, S . Hadar, S. Gallinarum and S . Pullorum) and genetic diversity were selected for detailed phenotypic and genomic analysis. These phages, four from Siphoviridae and one from Podoviridae , exhibited tolerance to thermal (up to 60 °C) and mildly acidic conditions (pH 4), as well as 12-month stability when stored in Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS) with 20 % ( v /v) glycerol at −20 °C and − 80 °C. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed their novelty and the absence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. A cocktail formulated from these phages was applied against Salmonella Enteritidis both in-vitro (at 37 °C) and on artificially contaminated chicken wings (at 4 °C). The phage cocktail effectively reduced Salmonella counts in both environments, keeping levels below the detection limit (< 1 log CFU/g) over 24 h. For chicken wings food model, bacterial reductions reached 3.30 log CFU/g and 4.86 log CFU/g. These results underscore the potential of the newly characterized Salmonella phages as effective tools for controlling bacterial contamination on chicken meat, supporting their use as a natural, and antibiotic-free strategy in modern food safety management
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Plasma Actuators on Aerodynamic Efficiency on a Finite Wing Model of NACA 0015
No full textThe Long-Term Impact of Wind Power on Geopolitical and Economic Energy Security Risks in the United States
No full textAssessment of Immunological, Biochemical, and Inflammatory Markers in the Diagnosis of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Baghdad: Cross-Sectional Study
No full textEffect of post-mating TAK-683 (Kisspeptin analog) treatment on luteal morphology and function in suckling goats with lactational anestrus
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of TAK-683 administered to suckling goats in lactational anestrus on the 4th day (D4) after mating on luteal function, serum progesterone (P-4) levels, and reproductive performance. Forty-five Aleppo goats were treated with intravaginal sponges containing medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days and were injected intramuscularly with 500 IU eCG and 75 mu g d-cloprostenol on the day of sponge removal. Thirty-seven goats showed estrus and were mated with fertile bucks (D0). The mated goats were randomly divided into groups to receive subcutaneous administration of saline (Control, n = 12), 5 mu g TAK-683 (TAK-5, n = 12) or 25 mu g TAK-683 (TAK-25, n = 13) on D4. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography and blood sampling were performed on D4, D7, D14, D17, and D21, and pregnancy was diagnosed on D35. Regardless of dose, TAK-683 treatment induced the formation of accessory corpora lutea (aCL) and significantly increased original CL (oCL) diameter, luteal area (LA), and Doppler area (DA) compared with controls (P 0.05). Serum P-4 levels were significantly higher in TAK-25 from D7 to D21 (P < 0.001), while TAK-5 showed a delayed increase from D17. Luteal morphological parameters were strongly and positively correlated with circulating P-4 levels, confirming the luteotropic effect of TAK-683. TAK-683 treatment had no significant effect on fertility parameters (P < 0.05). In conclusion, although TAK-683 treatment enhanced luteal function and increased circulating P-4 concentrations, it failed to improve fertility outcomes in suckling goats under lactational anestrus conditions
Prevalence, diagnosis and distribution of Macrophomina phaseolina and Macrophomina tecta, the causal agent of charcoal rot, in maize growing areas of Türkiye
No full textSpecies of Macrophomina are known to cause charcoal rot disease in various cultivated plants, including maize, particularly under high-temperature and drought conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Macrophomina spp. in maize cultivation areas across Türkiye, determine the soil inoculum density, and evaluate the pathogenicity and species diversity within the pathogen population. Surveys revealed a significant correlation between the prevalence of charcoal rot disease and the phenological development stages of maize, as well as climatic factors. However, a weak correlation was observed between disease prevalence and soil inoculum density. An overall prevalence of charcoal rot in the surveyed provinces was determined to be 58.94%, with significant variations in disease severity observed among different provinces and regions. Soil analyses indicated the presence of Macrophomina microsclerotia in all surveyed agricultural fields; however, a strong relationship between inoculum presence and disease severity could not be established. Both the main and secondary maize cropping areas were surveyed; notably, despite the absence of disease symptoms in secondary cropping areas, high levels of soil inoculum were detected. Multilocus analyses using ITS and tef1-α regions identified two distinct species within the pathogen population: Macrophomina phaseolina and M. tecta. According to the geographical distribution or virulence levels, no significant differences were found in these two species. A key finding of this study is the first global report of Macrophomina tecta as a causal agent of charcoal rot disease in maize