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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of chlorido(2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide)[N′-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)carbamimidoyl]-platinum(II)
In the title compound, [Pt(C14H14N3)Cl(C9H9N)], the platinum atom has a square-planar geometry. In the crystal, dimers with R22(8) motifs are formed by pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. They are connected to each other through pairs of weak C-H⋯Cl interactions, forming a R22(16) motif, creating parallel ribbons along the [011] axis. The molecular pairs are also linked by C-H⋯π and by π-π interactions, the shortest centroid-centroid distance [3.513 (2) Å] being observed between pyridyl rings. These weak interactions form parallel ribbons along the [010] axis. The resulting three-dimensional network ensures the cohesion of the crystal structure. Hirshfeld two-dimensional fingerprint plots revealed that the most significant interactions are H⋯H (58.0%), C⋯H/H⋯C (17.9%), Cl⋯H/H⋯Cl (10.7%), N⋯H/H⋯N (6.9%), C⋯C (2.9%), Pt⋯H/ H⋯Pt (2.6%), and N⋯C/C⋯N (1.1%) contacts
Preeklamptik gebelerde sezaryende uygulanan anestezi yöntemlerinin anne ve yenidoğan üzerine olan etkilerinin retrospektif incelenmesi
AB Ülkeleri ve Türkiye arasında gelir yakınsaması: Genişleme dönemlerine göre bir analiz
The Relationship Between Leisure Time Management and Perception of University Sport Environment: A Study On Gazı University Students
Hâcegîzâde Mustafa bin Muhammed’in “Şerhu Mi’eti Kelime” İsimli Eserinin Neşri ve İncelenmesi
Metabolic and genotypic characterization of meropenem-susceptible and meropenemresistant<i> Serratia</i><i> marcescens</i> isolates
Background/aim: Serratia marcescens which is a nosocomial pathogen, is naturally resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, which makes the management of infections difficult. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro susceptibilities of S. marcescens to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and to compare the metabolic profiles of meropenemresistant isolates under basal conditions and after exposure to sublethal concentrations of meropenem. Materials and methods: A total of 84 S. marcescens isolates were included from various samples. Genes for meropenem resistance were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genetic similarities among isolates of S. marcescens were investigated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). MIC changes of meropenem were investigated in the presence of the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) type pump inhibitor phenylalanyl-arginyl-(3-naphthylamide (PA(3N) and proton ionophore (uncoupler) carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). A GC/MS-based metabolomics approach was implemented to determine the differentiation of metabolome structure. We examined the adaptive responses of isolates, characterized by resistance or susceptibility, under conditions of meropenem-induced stress. Results: The highest resistance rate was observed for ceftriaxone (27.6%). Amikacin was the most effective drug, with a resistance rate of 6.9%. Overall, 10 (11.9%) isolates were resistant to meropenem. Genotyping of (3-lactamase genes revealed that blaOXA-48 was present in one isolate. In total, efflux pump activity was detected in four isolates. The GC/MS-based metabolomics analysis revealed alterations in nucleotide and pyrimidine metabolism, as well as in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter pathways, between the meropenemsusceptible and meropenem-resistant groups. Conclusion: Understanding the metabolic profiles of S. marcescens could facilitate the development of novel diagnostic approaches and antimicrobial strategies in the ongoing global effort to combat meropenem-resistant S. marcescens
Exploring the potential of minimally invasive surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion to transform patient outcomes
Maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) can be treated with Minimally Invasive Surgically Assisted RapidMaxillary Expansion (MISARME) to improve surgical outcomes in non-growing patients and increase patientsatisfaction. The purpose of this study was to compare Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion (SARME)and MISARME in terms of patient outcomes, including blood loss, operation time, edema, pain, and nasal softtissue changes. This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on patients who underwent SARME totreat MTD. The primary predictor variable was the type of the SARME technique: SARME or MISARME. Theprimary outcome was bleeding and operation time. Secondary outcomes were postoperative pain, edema, andnasal soft tissue changes. The study was completed with 35 patients. Blood loss and operation time weresignificantly higher in the SARME (68.61 ±28.68 ml-45.27 ±2.08 min) compared to the MISARME (52.05 ±14.03 ml-23.82 ±9.39 min) (P <.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the mean alar baseand nasal widths at any time point within the MISARME(P <.05), while a significant difference was found in theSARME(p >.05). The edema measured between the T1-T0 time points was significantly lower in the MISARMEcompared to the SARME(P =.002). According to these results, MISARME may improve patient outcomes andreduce undesirable changes in nasolabial soft tissues.</p
Alterations of Antioxidative Enzymes and Total Phenolics of Grain Sorghum Seedling Tissues Under Salt Stress
Sorghum (Sorghum spp) is one of the world's significant warm-climate cereals, used both as animal feed and human food. It demonstrates better adaptation to saline soils and diverse climatic conditions compared to other cereals. Salt stress significantly limits plant growth, development, yield, and quality. This study aimed to investigate the changes in antioxidant defense enzymes and total phenolic compounds in sorghum under salt stress. Different salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl) were applied to the Acme Brom Corn sorghum variety grown in Hoagland nutrient medium. The experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in a climate chamber for 10 days, both under salt stress and non-stress conditions, with three replicates. At the end of the experiments, the roots and leaves of the plants were harvested separately, homogenized, and placed in aluminium foil in portions of 0.5 g and 0.25 g, shock-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at-20 degrees C. Antioxidant enzymes induced by salt stress, as well as chlorophyll and carotenoids, were determined spectrophotometrically. Statistically significant correlations were found between root glutathione reductase (GR), proline, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, and between antiradical capacity, glutathione S-transferase (GST), MDA, total phenolics, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. In leaves, significant correlations were observed between SOD, total phenolics, and GST, as well as between Chl a, CAT, antiradical capacity, APX, and carotenoids. Significant correlations were also identified between total chlorophyll and carotenoids, GR and Chl b, and MDA and proline. Although increased antioxidant enzyme activity and total phenolics support the salt stress resistance of sorghum plants, these mechanisms were insufficient at high salinity levels. Therefore, it was concluded that further studies are needed to better understand the relationships between salt stress and antioxidant enzyme activities at higher salt concentrations using the investigated sorghum variety. It should be noted that the findings should not be generalized, as the results depend on the experimental year, genotype, salt doses applied, enzyme activities investigated, and methods used