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Percutaneous Management of Extrahepatic Cystic Echinococcosis: Long-Term Outcomes and Insights on Rare Locations
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous treatment for all types of extrahepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) in various atypical locations. Materials and Methods: This study included 31 patients (16 males and 15 females; median age, 46 years; range, 15–74 years) with 32 extrahepatic hydatid cysts treated percutaneously between July 2013 and September 2024. Splenic hydatid cysts constituted the largest subgroup (n = 12). The remaining cysts were located in various regions, including intramuscular (n = 5), peritoneal (n = 5), perirenal (n = 3), renal (n = 2), pancreatic (n = 1), paracolic (n = 1), paravesical (n = 1), sacral (n = 1), and infratemporal fossa (n = 1). Sixteen patients with CE1 and CE3a cysts underwent the puncture, aspiration, injection, and reaspiration (PAIR) procedure, whereas 15 patients with CE2 and CE3b cysts or symptomatic CE4 and CE5 cysts were treated with the modified catheterization technique (MoCaT), which involves the complete evacuation of cyst content via a catheter with saline irrigation, unlike PAIR, and is followed by sclerotherapy. Results: Clinical success was 96.9%, with 1 case of residual disease in the MoCaT group. Two severe adverse events (6.5%) were observed, one abscess requiring drainage and one anaphylaxis responsive to medical management. The median cyst volume reduction was 83.2% (range, 45.9%–100%). No recurrences occurred during a median follow-up of 36 months (range, 3–126 months). Conclusions: Percutaneous management of extrahepatic CE is a minimally invasive, effective and safe approach that offers advantages such as the preservation of organ tissue and function, low adverse event and recurrence rates, and shorter hospital stays
Comparison of peracetic acid and bacteriophage application by vascular rinsing on Salmonella reduction in lymph nodes of goat carcasses
No full textAbstract: The ability of carcass vascular rinsing supplemented with bacteriophage (BP) and peracetic acid (PAA) to reduce Salmonella in lymph nodes (LNs) from experimentally infected goats was determined. Cull dairy goats (n = 60) were randomly assigned to a control (CN, nonrinsed) and two vascular rinse treatments: BP and PAA. Goats were inoculated intradermally with Salmonella Enteritidis and slaughtered after a 7-day incubation. Vascular rinsing was performed postexsanguination via a catheter in the heart. Carcasses were skinned, eviscerated, sprayed with 5% lactic acid, and chilled (2°C) overnight. The superficial cervical, popliteal, medial iliac, and subiliac LNs were collected aseptically for Salmonella enumeration and phage titer determination. The longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus muscles were also excised, and stored for 1, 4, and 7 days for meat surface color measurements. PAA-treated carcasses showed lower (p < 0.05) temperatures and pH values within 8 h postmortem compared to CN and BP. The average counts of Salmonella in the LNs associated with PAA (3.4 ± 1.3 log CFU/g) were significantly lower compared to CN (3.8 ± 1.1 log CFU/g), with the lowest load observed in medial iliac LNs (2.7 ± 1.5 log CFU/g). Substantial phage titers were detected in LNs from BP-treated carcasses (7.0 ± 0.91 log PFU/g), and no differences were observed in Salmonella counts in BP compared to CN. The meat samples obtained from PAA-treated carcasses exhibited lower redness (a* values) and deoxymyoglobin in the LD (p < 0.05) but showed no differences in lightness or oxymyoglobin compared to BP and CN. Vascular rinsing has the potential to suppress Salmonella in the LNs with other antimicrobials and chemicals with different combinations and concentrations. Practical Application: This study investigates a method to control Salmonella in goat meat by rinsing carcasses with peracetic acid (PAA) or bacteriophages through the bloodstream after slaughter. The findings suggest that PAA can mitigate Salmonella levels in lymph nodes, potentially improving meat safety. While bacteriophage treatment did not significantly affect the bacterial count to observe differences with the control group, vascular rinsing could still be promising with different antimicrobial combinations. This research would help meat processors enhance food safety measures, reducing the risk of Salmonella contamination in meat products
Separation and enrichment of fingolimod and citalopram active drug ingredients by fabric phase sorptive extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis with diode array detection
No full textMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disorder affecting the central nervous system. The treatment of MS often involves a combination of pharmaceutical agents, including Fingolimod (FIN) and Citalopram (CIT). The analysis of these drug compounds plays a crucial role in various stages of health sciences, ranging from drug development to therapeutic monitoring. In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method was developed for the trace determination of FIN and CIT using fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) as a sample pretreatment technique, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Key FPSE parameters—including pH, adsorption and desorption conditions, and extraction time—were systematically optimized. Analytical performance characteristics of the proposed method were evaluated under optimized conditions in accordance with international guidelines. Chromatographic separation of FIN and CIT was achieved via isocratic elution using a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, pH 3.0 phosphate buffer, and methanol (50:40:10, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1. The limits of detection (LOD) for FIN and CIT were determined to be 7.46 ng mL−1 and 5.97 ng mL−1, respectively. The method demonstrated good precision, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 6.0 % for spiked samples. Recovery rates from synthetic urine and saliva matrices ranged between 93.1 % and 105.0 % for both analytes, confirming the method's accuracy and applicability to biological samples
Building resilience through self-defense: the role of martial arts in enhancing psychological strength among women
No full textHyperbaric oxygen therapy enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation via upregulation of BDNF and p-CREB1 in rats: Evidence outside pathological models
No full textHyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is known to confer neuroprotective benefits in injury models, but its in vivo effects on synaptic plasticity in the healthy brain remain unclear. This study investigates HBOT's impact on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and underlying molecular mechanisms in adult male Wistar rats. Animals were randomized into Control (ambient air) and HBOT (100 % O2 at 2.4 ATA for 1 h daily) groups for seven days. On day 8, field potentials were recorded from the dentate gyrus to generate input–output curves for excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) slope and population spike (PS) amplitude. Time-course responses were then monitored over a 90-minute period using four 100 Hz high-frequency stimulation trains for LTP induction. Following electrophysiology, hippocampal tissue was assayed for pro-BDNF, BDNF, CREB1, and p-CREB1 via immunofluorescence and qPCR. HBOT-treated rats exhibited significantly greater LTP during the maintenance phase: PS amplitude peaked at 233.4 ± 17.9 % versus 130.9 ± 20.1 % in controls (p = 0.0019), and EPSP slope reached 125.0 ± 6.2 % versus 91.6 ± 9.5 % (p = 0.0104). Immunofluorescence revealed elevated pro-BDNF (p = 0.0058), p-CREB1 (p = 0.0011), and p-CREB1/CREB1 ratio (p = 0.0309) while total CREB1 remained unchanged. qPCR confirmed a 2-fold increase in BDNF mRNA (p = 0.0495) without significant change in CREB transcripts. In conclusion, HBOT enhances hippocampal LTP in healthy rats by up-regulating the BDNF/p-CREB1 axis, revealing a novel neuromodulatory effect beyond injury models. These findings open avenues for its use in non-pathological contexts and warrant further mechanistic and translational studies
Metin Erksan’ın Acı Hayat (1962) Filminden Uyarlanan Acı Hayat Dizisine İlişkin Bir Betimsel Analiz
No full textInvestigating The Effect of Urban Open and Green Spaces on Urban Heat Island, The Case of Kayseri City Center
No full textThis study investigated the effect of urban open and green areas on land surface temperature in Kayseri Metropolitan City Center. Satellite images obtained from the USGS through the Earth Explorer website were used. The urban heat island effect of surface temperatures was investigated in two separate periods, August 2018 and August 2023. The remote sensingmethod was used to determine the surface temperature in the study. NDVI and LST data were correlated to determine the surface temperature. In the study, bare lands that do not belong to any land use class in terms of land cover, organized industrial zones consisting entirely of industrial structures, and areas such as airports, which do not have vegetative material and consist entirely of the concrete surface, were determined as the areas with the highest temperature values in terms of surface temperature. It was observed that there was a difference of 8 degrees in 2018 and 5 degrees in 2023 between residential areas with gardens and park areas. Another important finding of the study is that park area with dense vegetation, and cultivated and planted areas have the lowest surface temperature in terms of surface temperature. It is concluded that this difference between residential areas and park areas in 2018-2023 is caused by the maximum and minimum temperature differences during the day taken as the basis for measurement, and that the presence of green areas in cities and their distribution within the city play an important role in reducing the surface temperature.</p
Synthesis of Holey Graphene Oxide and Its Application as an Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Removal from Aqueous Solutions
No full textImproving advanced materials for the removal of heavy metal ions in aquatic systems is an urgent need because the contamination of waters by heavy metals causes significant environmental toxicity. In this study, holey graphene oxide (hGO), an advanced version of graphene oxide, was synthesized and its potential use as an adsorbent in a dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) technique was evaluated. The characterization of hGO was achieved by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission digital scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy-mapping techniques. The adsorption performance of hGO on the simultaneous removal of Pb (II), Ni (II), Cd (II), Co (II), and Cu (II) metal ions was evaluated by the d-SPE method, and the optimization results revealed that quantitative removal of heavy metal ions was achieved at pH 4 for 200 s of equilibrium by using 50 mg of adsorbent. The results demonstrated that hGO exhibited competitive performance, achieving removal efficiencies of 97.8% [Pb (II)], 94.2% [Ni (II)], 97.4% [Cd (II)], 96.5% [Co (II)], and 91.6% [Cu (II)] at optimum conditions for targeted heavy metals. The optimized d-SPE method was applied to remove the heavy metal ions in certified reference material and real water samples. The hGO showed potential as an efficient adsorbent for water remediation from heavy metal pollution
A multi-threaded back-and-forth algorithm for planning unmanned aerial vehicles
No full textA path being planned for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or its armed conformation called the unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) has a critical importance on the flight safety and success of the task including reconnaissance, surveillance, monitoring or destroying. The Back-and-Forth (BaF) algorithm is one of the most recent greedy techniques that executes a heuristic approach for generating two backbone candidates and a combination procedure for bringing advantageous segments of them in order to solve the geometric description of the path planning problem. This study was devoted to a thread-based parallel implementation of the BaF algorithm, also named the multi-threaded BaF (tBaF for short). The threads of the tBaF algorithm increase their search bounds gradually according to the assigned thread indexes and execute the heuristic approach and combination procedure of the BaF for calculating paths. A set of detailed experiments was carried out with the aim of evaluating the performance of the tBaF, and its results were compared with the BaF and 14 other meta-heuristic-based path planners over three battlefield scenarios and their 12 test cases containing the preidentified enemy threats. Comparative studies showed that the different local and global search capabilities of the threads gained with the newly introduced thread-based organisation give a significant contribution to the path planning performance and allow the tBaF to be ranked among the top three planners even though it requires at least from four to eight times less function calls than the tested meta-heuristics