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Effects of empagliflozin and its combination with docetaxel on LNCaP and DU- 145 prostate cancer cell lines: cytotoxicity and molecular pathway analysis
No full textSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have gained attention for their potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Recent Mendelian randomization and observational analyses support the protective role of SGLT2 inhibition in reducing prostate cancer risk. Additionally, SGLT2 expression in prostate cancer patient samples has been confirmed through immunohistochemistry. The therapeutic potential of empagliflozin, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, in treating prostate cancer, either alone or with chemotherapeutic agents like docetaxel, remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the cytotoxic and synergistic effects of empagliflozin in combination with docetaxel in LNCaP and DU- 145 prostate cancer cells. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, and synergy was evaluated using the Chou-Talalay method. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine the effects of empagliflozin, alone and in combination with docetaxel, on key molecular targets, including p-AMPKα, p-p70S6 K1, p-PRAS40, and p-Akt. Empagliflozin exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects in both LNCaP and DU- 145 cells, with a higher potency observed in DU- 145 cells. When combined with docetaxel, empagliflozin demonstrated synergistic activity, as indicated by combination index values < 1. Empagliflozin upregulated p-AMPKα and downregulated p-p70S6 K1 and p-PRAS40. The combination with docetaxel further enhanced these effects. Notably, empagliflozin alone downregulated p-Akt in LNCaP cells but not in DU- 145 cells, highlighting cell-line-specific differences. Empagliflozin reduces prostate cancer cell viability and enhances the cytotoxic effects of docetaxel, suggesting a promising combination strategy for prostate cancer therapy. Additional in vivo studies and clinical trials are needed to assess the translational relevance of these findings
Broccoli-like strontium titanate perovskite nanomaterial as a selective and efficient adsorbent for dispersive solid-phase microextraction (D-SPµE) of lead in food and waters
No full textMolecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of<i> Pulex</i><i> irritans</i> (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) fleas collected from sheep in Sivas Province, Türkiye
No full textFlea infestation in sheep is a significant public health concern due to their widespread distribution worldwide and the transmission of flea-borne diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify and molecularly characterize P. irritans collected from sheep, using morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analysis. Flea samples were collected from sheep on six farms in Sivas Province, T & uuml;rkiye, between April and September 2024. The flea specimens were morphologically identified using identification keys. After total genomic DNA extraction and Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR), the PCR products were sent for sequencing. This morphological study indicated that from the 250 adult fleas collected from sheep, 223 specimens (110 female and 113 male) belonged to the human flea, Pulex irritans. Also, mt-COI gene region Blast analysis results confirmed that all samples were P. irritans. Additionally, molecular analysis revealed a high sequence similarity (99.8 %) with P. irritans isolates from Iran and Australia, which are available in GenBank. Considering the relatively high frequency of presence of this ectoparasite in the sheep, further studies focused on the possibility of being a vector of pathogens and their distribution between these animals and humans are recommended. The results of this study can be used to identify flea-borne disease risks and develop effective control measures
AI-Driven Predictive Design and Functionalization of Three Dimensional-Printed PEEK Implants with Tryptophan-Enriched Alginate Hydrogel for Enhanced Biomimetic Surface Performance
No full textPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) offers mechanical properties suitable for orthopedicand dental implants but experiences surface modification challenges, limitedbioactivity, and suboptimal integration with host tissue. In this study, an AI-guideddesign strategy is presented to predict an optimal surface functionalization recipefor 3D-printed PEEK, enabling tailored material performance. The resultingassembly, termed TRYALPEEK, integrates sequential fused deposition modeling,coating with a sodium alginate hydrogel, and incorporation of L-tryptophan as amodel bioactive drug. The biomimetic hydrogel architecture is inspired by thestructural organization of periodontal ligament fibers. Comprehensive character-ization reveals that hydrogel modification significantly increases surface hydro-philicity, lowers surface roughness and friction coefficient, and enhancescytocompatibility and antibacterial performance againstE. coli-green fluorescentprotein, while supporting sustained tryptophan release. Finite element analysisfurther demonstrates favorable stress distribution patterns, suggesting reducedrisk of localized stress concentration. Cooperatively, these findings establishTRYALPEEK as a multifunctional implant with improved surface properties andcytocompatibility. While these attributes may contribute to enhanced osseointe-gration and infection management consistent with prior literature, such biologicaleffects remain to be validated through dedicated in vivo studies.</p
Türkiye Jokey Kulübü İzmit ve Karacabey Pansiyon Hara Müdürlüklerinde Bulunan Atlarda Ağız Diş Muayenesi ve Diş Hastalıklarına Prospektif Bir Bakış
No full textAtlarda diş hastalıkları veteriner hekimlik açısından oldukça önemlidir. Ancak Ülkemizde yakın zamana kadar oldukça ihmal edilmiştir, birçok atın teşhis edilmemiş, ağrılı diş hastalıklarından muzdarip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ağız padanı(spekulum) kullanılarak yapılan detaylı klinik muayenede, ön koşul tüm dişlerin muayenesini gerçekleştirmektir. Bu tez çalışmasında Türkiye Jokey Kulübünün İzmit ve Karacabey Pansiyon Hara Müdürlüklerinde 2012-2013 yıllarında barınmakta olan çeşitli yaş gruplarındaki 300 atın ağız boşluğu ve dişleri muayene edilerek, diş bozuklukları ve diş hastalıkları yönünden incelenerek prospektif olarak ele alınması amaçlandı. Çalışma kapsamında muayene edilen 300 atın nabız, vücut sıcaklığı, solunum sayısı ve kalp atım sayısı gibi hayati fonksiyonları not edildi. Ayrıca tüm atların ağız boşluğu muayene edilerek; ağız mukozasının rengi, iştahları, yemlerini bitirip bitirmedikleri, vücut kondüsyon skorları (VKS), hangi tür yemle beslendikleri, ağızlarından yem tüketimi sırasında salivasyon olup olmadığına bakıldı. Bunların yanısıra yem tüketimiyle ilişkili olarak herhangi bir sağlık sorunu geçirip geçirmedikleri araştırıldı. Klinik olarak muayenesi yapılan 300 atın endoskopik ve radyolojik olarak da muayenelerinin yapılmasından sonra 59 atta özellikle molar dişlerde (MD) diş hastalığı ve diş bozukluğu olduğu tespit edildi. 59 adet at grubunu oluşturan, 7-25 yaş aralığındaki damızlık aygır, kısraklar ve 1 yaşlı taylarda; süt dişi çekimi, dişlerde yer değiştirme, mobil dişler, karies, keskin kenarlı dişler, odontoklastik diş rezorpsiyonu ve hipersementozis (EOTRH), fistül oluşumu, diş eti apsesi, gingivitis ve periodontitis tespit edildi. Diş hastalıkları ve diş bozukluklarının modern teknikler kullanılarak tedavi edilmeleri sağlandı. Özellikle beşeri diş hekimliğinde Ülkemizde kullanılan dolgu materyallaleri denendi ancak ağız boşluğunun aşırı ıslak oluşu ve atların kuvvetli çiğneme haretketleri nedeni ile bir başarı elde edilemedi. Karies olgularında diş çekiminde, gingivitis ve periodontitis vakalarında dişler başarıyla tedavi edildi. Klinik olarak ele alınan 59 attan 54’ ünün MD’ i törpülenerek dişlerin keskin kenarları düzeltilerek atların çiğneme hareketlerinin normale döndüğü ve yemlerinin tamamını rahatlıkla tüketebildikleri görüldü. Tedavi sonrası atlar takip edilerek beslenmelerinin ve VKS’ nın yükseltilmesi sağlandı.This study, the aim was to prospectively examine the oral cavities and teeth of 300 horses of various age groups housed at the İzmit and Karacabey Pension Hara of the Turkish Jockey Club, focusing on dental disorders and dental diseases. Within the scope of the study, the oral cavities of the examined 300 horses were inspected, including the color of the oral mucosa, their appetite, whether they finished their feed, body condition scores, the type of feed they were fed, and whether salivation occurred during feeding. Following clinical examinations of the 300 horses, endoscopic and radiological examinations were performed, revealing dental disease and disorders, particularly in the molar teeth, in 59 horses. Among the group of 59 horses, consisting of stallions, broodmares, and yearlings aged 7-25 years, tooth extraction of deciduous teeth, tooth displacement, mobile teeth, caries, sharp-edged teeth, odontoclastic tooth resorption, and conditions such as equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH), fistula formation, gum abscess, gingivitis, and periodontitis were identified. Clinically, 54 out of 59 horses had their molar teeth rasped to correct sharp edges, resulting in the normalization of chewing movements and the ability of horses to consume their feed comfortably. Following treatment, the horses were monitored, and efforts were made to improve their nutrition and body condition scores. This study emphasizes the significance of oral health in horses and the impact of regular dental care on their overall well-being
2024 Öğretim Programında Yer Alan Okul Temelli Planlamaya İlişkin Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
No full textEL-NRF: Enhancing ensemble learning for regression with a noise reduction framework
No full textEnsemble learning aims to improve predictive accuracy by combining multiple models, with stacking being a widely adopted technique that employs a meta-learning framework. Despite significant advancements in stacking-based ensemble models, improving their robustness and generalization remains a persistent challenge. In this study, a two-phase noise reduction approach is proposed to improve the performance of stacking ensembles in regression tasks. In the first phase, feature-space noise is reduced through dimensionality reduction using Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (TSVD), which eliminates redundant and less informative components. In the second phase, sample-level noise is mitigated by applying a statistical thresholding method to identify and exclude high-residual instances. The proposed approach is evaluated on a real-world delivery time prediction dataset and six public benchmark datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the integration of noise reduction techniques significantly enhances the predictive performance of stacking models, with improvements ranging from 1.65 % to 23.81 %, even in scenarios where conventional stacking fails to outperform its base learners. These results highlight the importance of noise reduction in improving the generalization capability of ensemble models, particularly in real-world regression problems
Türkçenin ikinci dil olarak öğretiminde dengeli okuma yazma yaklaşımı: Yazma süreci modelinin uygulanması
No full textFor Piston-Prop Powered TUAVs Effect of Both Lower and Upper Chord Lengths Variatıon on Autonomous Flıght Control System’s Controller Cost
No full textIn this study for a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle(i.e., TUAV) which has piston-prop powerplant system, both lower and upperchord lengths of its vertical tail plane and PID controller gains of its hierarchicalautonomous trajectory tracking system are simultaneously and stochasticallyredesigned by using a constrained and stochastic optimization approach calledas c-SPSA in order to minimize cost of this UAV dynamical system. The principaldesign parameters are lower and upper chord lengths of this TUAV’s verticaltail plane in this study. As a result of this while other parameters of thevertical tail are fixed, the surface area of the vertical tail can be varied.In addition, controller gains of the 6 PID controllers for hierarchicalautonomous control system are other stochastical optimization designparameters. In this study there are both lower and upper constraints on these 8optimization parameters. As a result of mentioned simultaneous and stochasticaldesign and optimization methodology considerable controller cost save isobtained with respect to the initial situation. This work has been supported byErciyes University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unity under grantnumber FBA-2024-14147.</p