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Rusya Müslümanları Üzerine Bir Amerikan Araştırması
No full textRusya Müslümanlarının çağdaş tarihleri, yerlisi bulundukları bölgelerde yönetimlerin uyguladığı politikalara karşı edindikleri tutumlar, Komünizme yaklaşımları gibi konular Rus Devrimi’nin ardından Amerikan araştırmacılarının daha fazla ilgisini çekmeye başlamış ve 1950’lerin ardından bu alanda yapılan Amerikan çalışmaları farklı bir merhaleye girmiştir. Bu makalede Serge. A. Zenkovsky; Eugene Schuyler’in Orta Asya topraklarındaki gözlemlerinden hareketle Rusya’nın Müslüman bölgesi hakkında oluşturduğu raporu Turkistan’dan başlayarak sırasıyla Richard Pipes’ın Sovyetler Birliği’ndeki Türk halklarının rejimle arasındaki ilişkiyi irdelediği Formation of the Soviet Union, Firuz Kâzımzâde’nin Kafkasya halkının ülkülerinden ve özerk bir devlet kurma arzusundan bahsettiği The Struggle for Transcaucasia, Richard Frye’ın erken dönem Orta Asya tarihini ele aldığı History of Bukhara, Edward Sokol’a ait 1916’da Orta Asya’da meydana gelen olaylara ve yerlilerle yönetim arasındaki anlaşmazlığa görece objektif ve tam bir açıklama getirmesi sebebiyle bir ilk olma özelliği taşıyan The Revolt of 1916 in Russian Central Asia, Charles W. Hostler’ın Türk hükümdarları üzerinden Türk milliyetçiliğinin kökenini yorumladığı ve Türk halkları hakkında istatistiksel verilere yer verdiği Turkism and the Soviets, Alexander G. Park’ın Türkistan’ın Sovyetleştirilmesi hakkında rejimin günlük işleyişine değinerek rejim destekçilerini kategorize ettiği ve kamu kadrolarına tayin edilerek yükselen Müslümanlara değinmesi açısından da önem arz eden Bolshevism in Turkestan, Thomas G. Winner’ın Kazak entelektüellerinden örnekler vererek Kazakların İslâm’a yaklaşımından söz eden The Oral Art and Literature of the Kazakhs of Russian Central Asia ve Ivar Spector’un Sovyetler ile Orta Doğu halklarının diplomatik ilişkileriyle alakalı bulgulara yer verdiği The Soviet Union and Muslim World eserlerine değinerek onları hem benzerlerinden üstün hem de yetersiz ve hatalı kısımlarıyla beraber incelemiştir
ANALYSIS OF MIXED DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS INVOLVING THE CAPUTO AND RIEMANN-LIOUVILLE FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVES
No full textIn this paper, we investigate the existence of positive solution as well as the uniqueness results for a fractional order differential equation involving the Caputo fractional derivative and the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative. First of all, we show the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution by means of the fixed point theory, namely, Banach’s contraction Principle. Second of all, we convert the posed problem to a sum of two integral operators, then we apply Kronelskii’s fixed point theorem to conclude the existence of nontrivial solutions. As applications, we present examples for the demonstration of our main results. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Hellenistik ve Roma Dönemi Aigai (Aiolis) heykeltıraşlık eserleri
No full textAiolis bölgesinin dağlık kesiminde yer alan Aigai, Hellenistik ve Roma dönemleri boyunca bölgenin küçük fakat ekonomik ve siyasi bakımdan önemli bir merkezi olarak öne çıkmıştır. Hellenistik dönemde, komşu Pergamon Krallığı ile oluşturulan ittifak, kentin zenginleşmesinde önemli bir rol oynamış ve söz konusu yakın ilişki, başta Aigai'ın Hellenistik mimarisi olmak üzere çeşitli alanlarda yansımalar bulmuştur. Kentte yirmi yıldır devam eder kazı çalışmaları, kentin sanatsal üretiminin göz alıcı mimarisi ile uyumlu olduğunu ve dönemin önde gelen kentleri arasında yer aldığını gösteren önemli sayıda heykeltıraşlık eserini ortaya koymuştur. Söz konusu tez, Aigai'da Bouleuterion, Agora ve Ada I olmak üzere üç ana alanda ortaya çıkarılan heykeltıraşlık eserlerinin kapsamlı bir incelemesini ve değerlendirmesini oluşturmayı hedeflemektedir. Eserler, stilistik ve teknik açıdan karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış ve mimari kontekst dahilinde de erlendirilmiştir. Bu açıdan, Bouleuterion, orijinal sergileme alanında korunagelen onurlandırma heykelleri ve heykel kaidelerinin yanı sıra, bir kült heykelini de içeren kontekst buluntuları ile önemli bir odak noktası oluşturmuştur. Çalışma, Aigai'da ele geçen eserlerin, Pergamon heykeltıraşlık okulunun yoğun etkisi altında üretildiği ortaya koymuştur.Aigai, located in the mountainous part of the Aeolis region, stood out as a small but economically and politically important center of the region during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The city9s alliance with the neighboring kingdom of Pergamon in the Hellenistic period ensured its wealth, and this close relationship was primarily reflected in the Hellenistic architecture of Aigai. The ongoing 20-year-old excavations at the site have revealed a significant number of sculptural works, which suggest that the artistic production of the city was in line with its eye-catching architecture, providing it with a position among the prominent cities of the time. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the sculptural works unearthed in three main sections in Aigai: the Bouleuterion, the Agora, and Insula I. The works are analyzed comparatively in terms of stylistic and technical aspects and evaluated within their architectural context. In this respect, the Bouleuterion constituted an important focal point with its contextual finds, consisting of honorific statues and statue bases, as well as a cult statue, preserved in its original place of display. The study reveals that the sculptures recovered from Aigai were produced under the strong influence of the Pergamene school of sculpture
From Digital Divide to Employment Equity: How Digitalization Affects Women's Involvement in the Workforce in OECD Countries
No full textPurpose: This study examines how digitization affects women's employment in 22 OECD nations that were chosen for their varied political, economic, and digital traits. To better understand how technological adoption interacts with socioeconomic factors to influence employment outcomes, the study will look at the short-term and long-term effects of digitalization on women's labour force participation. Design/Methodology: A strong panel data structure is used, with variables like the fertility rate (F), GDP per capita (GDP), internet usage (WEB), mobile cellular subscriptions (MB), and women's labour force participation (W) for the years 2000–2021. Utilizing econometric methods such as unit root tests, co-integration analysis, and causality models, the study aims to identify dynamic connections between women's employment and digitization. Findings: The results show that women's labour market engagement is greatly increased by digitalization, as seen by the rise in the use of mobile and internet gadgets. Results from co-integration show that women's employment and digitalization have a consistent, long-term relationship. Originality: This study highlights the revolutionary potential of digitization in establishing gender-neutral employment markets and provides fresh insights into the relationship between digitalization and gendered labour market outcomes. The study adds to the conversation on creating inclusive digital economies worldwide by being in line with the Sustainable Development Goals, especially those on gender equality and decent labour. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
A Machine Learning-Based Damage Estimation Model for Monitoring Reinforced Concrete Structures
No full text42nd International Modal Analysis Conference -- JAN 29-FEB 01, 2024 -- Orlando, FLAcoustic emission (AE) has gained much attention in recent years for its effectiveness in nondestructive testing and continuous monitoring of civil infrastructure. As a phenomenon, when structures are loaded, AE sensors mounted on the surface of the structure receive the waves released from the damage and convert them into electrical signals. By analyzing and evaluating these recorded signals, critical information such as type, location, time of origin, size, and orientation of the damage can be identified. Since the whole process, which includes a massive amount of dataset, is time-consuming and needs to be automated, this study aimed to develop a machine learning-based damage estimation model that would estimate fracture characteristics of concrete and would be a pioneer for the application of real-time and automated monitoring of structures. In this scope, failure behavior of concrete samples of various strengths and sizes under loading was monitored with AE using K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. A relationship was established between the load levels and damage status of the specimens with AE features. Afterward, the model was trained and tested, and fracture characteristic results estimated by the KNN models were evaluated to reveal its feasibility.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [122 M593]The financial support received from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) to carry out this research under the grant number 122 M593 is greatly acknowledged
Hemofili hastalarında koroner arter baypas greftleme ameliyatı uygulamak güvenli midir? Dört hastadan oluşan vaka serisi
No full textHemophilia is a genetic disorder that mainly affects males and leads to a higher risk of bleeding. There is a lack of clarity regarding the safety of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in patients with hemophilia. In this case series, real-life data of four male hemophilia patients aged 45 to 66 years who underwent CABG was presented. One patient needed to undergo reexploration due to nonsurgical bleeding. However, all patients were discharged in good condition. The current experience revealed that CABG in hemophilia patients is safe to perform with a multidisciplinary approach involving hematologists, anesthesiologists, and cardiovascular surgeons. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Farklı Moringa türlerinin silaj özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
No full textBu çalışmada, iki farklı Moringa türü (Moringa oleifera ve Moringa stenopetala) ile Mısır (Zea mays L.) farklı oranlarda karıştırılarak silolamanın bazı silaj özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, Moringa türleri ile mısır %100-0, %75-25, %50-50, %25-75 ve %0-100 oranlarında karıştırılmış ve 4 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde silolanmışlardır. Silolama dönemi sonunda (60. gün) açılan silajların Silaj Fiziksel Özellikleri (renk, koku, strüktür ve DLG Puanı), Kuru Madde Oranı (%), Ham Protein Oranı (%), Ham Kül Oranı %, Fleig Puanı, ADF, NDF, pH, silaj kaybı (%), Sindirilebilir Kuru Madde Oranı (%), Alınabilir Kuru Madde Oranı %, Toplam Sindirilebilir Besin Maddeleri (%), Nispi Yem Değeri (%) belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Moringa oleifera ve Moringa stenopetala'nın yalın ve mısır ile farklı oranlarda silolanması sonucu elde edilen silajların bazı silaj fiziksel özelleri ile silaj kalitesi ve beslenme değeri açısından yeterli olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırmada ele alınan Moringa türleri, DLG puanı, Fleig puanı ve nispi yem değerleri incelendiğinde makul bir silaj olarak ensile edilebilir, ancak mısır veya diğer buğdaygiller ile ya da farklı nişasta kaynaklarının eklenmesiyle daha iyi silaj kalitesi elde edilebilir.In this study, the aim was to determine some silage characteristics by mixing two different Moringa species (Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala) with maize (Zea mays L.) in different ratios. In the study, the Moringa species were mixed with maize in the ratios of 100-0%, 75-25%, 50-50%, 25-75%, and 0-100% and ensiled with 4 replications. At the end of the ensilling period (60 days), the silages were opened, and their physical characteristics (color, smell, structure, and DLG score), dry matter content (%), crude protein content (%), crude ash content (%), Fleig score, ADF, NDF, pH, digestible dry matter content (%), dry matter intake (%), total digestible nutrients (%), silage loss (%) and relative feed value (%) were determined. According to the results of the study, it was observed that the silages obtained by ensiling Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala, either alone or in different ratios with maize, were sufficient in terms of some silage physical characteristics, silage quality, and nutritional value. When examining the Moringa species considered in the study in terms of DLG score, Fleig score, and relative feed value they can be ensiled as reasonable silage, but better silage quality can be achieved by adding maize or other cereals and forage grasses or different starch sources
mTOR aracılı sentrozom ve ribozom yapılanmasında HN1'in rolü
No full textBu tez çalışmasında bazı kanserler için onkogen olan HN1'in hücre ve sentrozom döngüsü dinamikleri, nükleus hareketi ve ribozom ve protein sentezi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hücre döngüsünde HN1'in rolünü belirlemek için kararlı ve uyarılabilir yüksek ifade sistemleri oluşturularak işlev kazandırılmış hücrelerde deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Prostat ve meme kanseri hücre hatlarında kinaz inhibitör deneyleri, western blotlama, akış sitometrisi, immünoflöresan, hücresel fraksiyonlama yaklaşımları kullanılarak HN1 karakterizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre; HN1'in mitoz fazında Cdk1 tarafından fosforile edildiği, hücre döngüsü senkronizasyon deneylerinde, mitozdan önceki HN1 yüksek ifadesi durumunda hücrelerin S fazında yavaşladıkları, G2 sonrası yüksek ifadesinde ise hücrelerin erken mitoz çıkışı gerçekleştirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; HN1'in, S fazında ve mitotik çıkışta hücre döngüsü ilerlemesinin modülasyonunda yer alan potansiyel olarak ikili role sahip yeni bir hücre döngüsü düzenleyici protein olduğu bulunmuştur. PC3 hücre hattında hücre bölünmesi sırasında HN1'in sentrozom maturasyonu/olgunlaşmasına ilişkin rolleri, sentrozom bileşeni olan artı uç kinezin proteini Eg5 ve perisentriolar matris proteini (PCM1) içeren Aurora A-PLK1 ilişkileri incelenmiş, HN1'in PLK1-Eg5 ekseninde sentrozom çekirdeklenmesi ve olgunlaşmasında, ayrıca buna eşlik eden mitotik iğ oluşumundaki rolü tanımlanmıştır. HN1 ifadesi baskılanmış olan (KD) hücrelerde, kontrol hücrelerine kıyasla proliferasyon migrasyon, invazyon ve koloni oluşturma yeteneğinin azaldığı tespit edilmiş, akış sitometrisi analizlerinde bu hücrelerin çekirdeklerinin büyüdüğü gösterilmiştir. Tüm bu bulgular ile HN1'in yakın zamanda mTOR sinyal yolağını aktive ettiğine ilişkin rapor yayınlanması bizi protein sentezi çalışmalarına yönlendirmiştir. Biyokimyasal yaklaşımlar kullanarak farklı hücre hatlarında çeşitli kazanım ve işlev kaybı deneyleri yoluyla HN1'in mTOR sinyal yolağındaki rolünü araştırdığımız çalışmaların sonucunda, ilk kez HN1'in Nükleolar Düzenleyici Bölge (NOR) bütünlüğü ve işlevi için gerekli olduğu gösterilmiştir. İmmünçöktürmeye dayalı interaksiyon ve kolokalizasyon çalışmaları, HN1'in mTOR-RPS6 ekseninin önemli bir bileşeni olduğunu ve baskılanmasının memeli kanser hücre hatlarında azalmış mRNA translasyonuyla sonuçlandığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, HN1'in baskılanmasının nükleolar yapıların düzensiz dağılımına neden olduğunu ve potansiyel olarak hücre döngüsü düzensizliğine yol açtığını göstermektedir. Buna göre, translasyon mekanizmasının bileşenleri çekirdekçik yapılarında belirgin bir benekli desenle (speckled) bir araya gelmekte, temel etkileşimlerini kaybetmekte ve sonuç olarak HN1 ifadesi baskılandığında mRNA translasyon verimliliğini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu sonuçlar, HN1'in metazoan evrimi boyunca korunmuş, ribozom biyosentezi ve global mRNA translasyonu için gerekli temel bir bileşen olduğunu göstermektedir.In this thesis study, functional aspects, and characterization of HN1 was performed. As an oncogene for some cancers, HN1 was investigated in terms of centrosome stability as well as cell cycle dynamics, nuclear movement, and the protein synthesis. To describe the role of HN1 in the cell cycle, inducible and stabilized overexpression systems were established in cells to perform acquired function of HN1. Therefore, it was characterized in prostate and breast cancer cell lines using kinase inhibitor's experiments, western blotting, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and cellular fractionation approaches. According to these results, HN1 is phosphorylated by Cdk1 in the mitotic phase, and in cell cycle synchronizations. As it was determined that cells slow-down in the S phase in the case of high HN1 expression before mitosis, and cells exit mitosis early in the case of high expression after G2. As a result, HN1 was found to be a new cell cycle regulatory protein with a potential dual role in the modulation of cell cycle progression in the S phase and mitotic exit. The roles of HN1 in centrosome maturation/growing during cell division in the PC3 cell line, the centrosome component plus end kinesin protein Eg5 and Aurora A-PLK1 interactions including pericentriolar matrix protein (PCM1) were examined. Also, the role of HN1 in centrosome nucleation and maturation that accompanies PLK1-Eg5 axis, as well as in the mitotic spindle formation were defined. In cells with suppressed (KD) HN1 expression, proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation were found to be reduced in comparison to control cells, and flow cytometry analyses showed that the nuclei of these cells were enlarged. All these findings and the recent report suggesting that HN1 activates the mTOR signaling pathway led us to study components of protein synthesis. When investigating the role of HN1 in the mTOR signaling pathway using various gain- and loss-of-function experiments in different cell lines, we have shown first time that the HN1 is required for the integrity and function of the Nucleolar Organizing Region (NOR), and protein synthesis. Immunoprecipitation-based interaction and colocalization studies also confirmed that HN1 is an important component of the mTOR-RPS6 axis and its suppression results in reduced mRNA translation in mammalian cancer cell lines. This study shows that suppression of HN1 causes irregular distribution of nucleolar structures, potentially leading to cell cycle perturbation. Accordingly, components of the translation machinery assemble into a distinct speckled pattern in nucleoli, lose their essential interactions, and consequently negatively affect mRNA translation efficiency when HN1 expression is suppressed. These results suggest that HN1 is an essential component required for ribosome biosynthesis and global mRNA translation, conserved throughout metazoan evolution
An evaluation of physical activity levels and mental health among young people: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the role of physical activity on mental health. This topic is essential, as physical activity is widely recognized for its potential impact on mental health outcomes, including well-being and resilience. However, there remains a need for further research on how specific types and levels of activity contribute to mental health, particularly among young people. Methods: The study group consisted of 427 students studying at universities in Turkey. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale Short Form, the Psychological Resilience Scale (Short Form), and the Psychological Vulnerability Scale. Skewness and kurtosis values were used to analyze the normality of data distribution. MANOVA, Chi-Square Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple Stepwise Regression tests were conducted for data analysis. Results: The results showed that female students were more inactive and engaged in less vigorous activities than males (p 0.05). Descriptive findings indicated that students displayed relatively high levels of psychological vulnerability. Mental health components were found to be interrelated (p < 0.05). Physically active students exhibited higher levels of mental well-being and psychological resilience and lower levels of psychological vulnerability (p < 0.05). Finally, walking emerged as the best predictor of students' psychological resilience and mental well-being, and along with moderate levels of physical activity, it significantly contributed to improved mental well-being (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This research shows that participation in physical activity increases university students' mental resilience, reduces their psychological vulnerability and supports their mental well-being. In particular, walking and moderate physical activity were found to have the strongest effects. The results emphasise that physical activity promotion is a critical requirement for improving students' mental health
The Role of Endometrial and Myometrial Elastography in Predicting Pregnancy Outcomes in Frozen and Fresh ICSI Cycles
No full textObjectivesTo evaluate the potential role of myometrial and endometrial ultrasonographic elastography prior to embryo transfer in predicting pregnancy and live birth outcomes in frozen and fresh intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles.MethodsThis prospective single-center study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital between January and June 2024. A total of 111 eligible patients scheduled for embryo transfer in frozen and fresh intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles underwent myometrial and endometrial elastography 1 h before transfer. Measurements were performed in the sagittal plane using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse point shear wave elastography by a single operator. The anterior and posterior myometrium and endometrium were evaluated, with three measurements obtained per region and the mean value calculated.ResultsThe anterior myometrial/endometrial elastography ratio was significantly lower in patients who achieved live birth in the overall population (P = .036); in fresh embryo transfer cycles (P = .014); and in fresh cycles where two embryos were transferred (P = .004). Endometrial elastography values were significantly higher in patients with live births in fresh cycles (P = .028) and in fresh cycles where two embryos were transferred (P = .001). In frozen cycles where two embryos were transferred, anterior myometrial elastography values were also significantly lower in patients who achieved live birth (P = .030).ConclusionsEndometrial and myometrial elastography measurements, particularly the anterior myometrial/endometrial elastography ratio and endometrial elastography values, may be clinically useful in predicting pregnancy outcomes. These findings suggest a potential role for elastographic evaluation in assessing endometrial receptivity prior to embryo transfer