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Effects of Supplementation with Encapsulated Different Postbiotics, Alone or with Inulin, on Growth Performance, Carcass and Organ Characteristics, Blood Parameters, Growth Hormone, and Insulin-like Growth Factor mRNA in Broilers
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of encapsulated postbiotics derived from various probiotic microorganisms, alone or in combination with inulin, on the growth performance, carcass traits, organ weights, blood parameters, and mRNA expression of selected hormones in broilers. A total of 588 one-day-old male Ross-308 chicks were randomly designated to six replicates of seven dietary treatments (initial body weight: 40.85 +/- 0.56 g, per replicate, n = 14 chicks). The treatments consisted of a basal diet (C), supplemented with encapsulated postbiotics (0.30%) derived from Lactobacillus plantarum (ELP), Bacillus subtilis (EBS), or Enterococcus faecium (EEF), as well as combinations of these encapsulated postbiotics with 1.0% inulin (ELPI, EBSI, and EEFI) for six weeks. The results demonstrated that the body weight and body weight gain of birds that were fed diets supplemented with encapsulated postbiotics or their combinations with inulin significantly increased in comparison to the C group (p 0.05). However, FCR improved during days 1-21, and FI increased during days 22-42 and 1-42 (p 0.05), the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius increased (p 0.05). The mRNA expression of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor was upregulated in the supplemented groups (p < 0.001). In conclusion, encapsulated postbiotics (0.30%) derived from different probiotics, alone or combined with inulin (1.0%), positively influenced growth performance, carcass traits, and immunity in male broilers.Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP); Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [122O763]This thesis work was supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP) under project number FDK-2022-23783 and by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUB & Idot;TAK) 1002-A Program under project number 122O763. The postbiotics used as feed additives and the encapsulation process in this study were carried out in the R&D Laboratory of Hektas High Technology Center
Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan Türk ve Rum toplumlarında çokkültürlülüğün müziksel boyutu: “Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği” örneği
No full textÇokkkültürlülük, birden fazla kültürel kimliğin bir arada var olduğu ve karşılıklı etkileşim halinde bulunduğu bir toplumsal yapıyı ifade eder. Bu doğrultuda toplumların bu yapı içerisinde özgürce kimliklerini ifade edebilmesini ve hakim toplum karşısında eşit saygı ve değer görmesini hem kamusal hem de toplumsal alanda savunan ideolojik bir yaklaşımdır. Bu ideoloji bir toplumda siyasal düzeyde yürütülmediğinde kimi zaman toplumsal ve kültürel düzeyde karşımıza çıkabilir. Bu bağlamda Kıbrıs'ta siyasal düzeyde uygulanmayan çokkültürlülüğün gerçekleştirilmesi için kültürel alanda, bu ideolojiyi savunan sivil toplum örgütleri tarafından teşvik edilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çokkültürlü bir ideoloji olan birleşik bir Kıbrıs'ı savunan sivil toplum örgütleri kültürel bileşenlerindeki çeşitliliği öne çıkararak toplumları bir araya getirmeyi bu sayede "Kıbrıslılık" ekseninde ortak bir kültürel kimliği inşa etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Kültürün önemli bir bileşeni olan müziksel zeminde de Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği bu eksende iki toplumun kültürel geleneklerindeki müziksel bileşenlerini çokkültürlülük ekseninde yeniden inşa ederek hem kendilerine özgü kimliklerinin tanınmasını, korunmasını ve sürdürülmesini hem de özellikle kültürel kimliklerindeki çeşitliliği aktararak çokkültürlülüğü teşvik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda yurtiçi ve yurtdışında düzenlenen faaliyetlere katılım gösteren Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği, Kıbrıs'a özgü çeşitliliği ve bu çeşitliliğin kültürel gelenekte etkileşiminden doğan ortak müziksel bileşenlerini faaliyetler aracılığıyla sunmaktadır. Kültürel kimliklerini "Kıbrıslılık" ekseninde tanımlayan dernek, bu bağlamda müziksel bileşenlerini yeniden inşa ederek adadaki çokkültürlülüğü görünür kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde çokkültürlülük kavramı, çokkültürlülüğün süreçleri, kuramcılar tarafından ortaya atılan çokkültürlülük yaklaşımları, bir politika olarak çokkültürlülük ve çokkültürlülüğün müzikle ilişkisi ve bu ilişkinin Kıbrıs'taki görünümüne değinilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde Kıbrıs adasının siyasal, kültürel ve demografik yapısı irdelenmiştir. Bu bölümde literatür taraması ile elde edilen verilerden Kıbrıs coğrafyasının demografik yapısı, tarihsel süreç içerisinde gerçekleşen çatışmalardan doğan siyasal oluşum süreçleri ve ortaya çıkan siyasi ideolojiler, siyasi ideolojiler ekseninde sivil toplum örgütleri tarafından gerçekleştirilen faaliyetler, Kıbrıs'a uygulanan kültür politikaları ve ardından çokkültürlü ideolojik bir söylem olarak ortaya çıkan "Kıbrıslılık" ve bu eksende gelişen kültüre değinilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Kıbrıs'ta çokkültürlü yapının bir ifade alanı olan Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği irdelenmiştir. Derneğin tarihsel, siyasal, kültürel yapısı, derneğin katıldığı faaliyetler ve faaliyetlerde öne çıkan siyasal ve kültürel kimlik, faaliyetlerde yer alan halk dansları, yemek/mutfak kültürü, el sanatları gibi kültürel unsurlarda çokkültürlülük izlerine değinilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği özelinde müzikte çokkültürlülük izleri irdelenmiştir. Bu bölümde çokkültürlülük ekseninde gelişen bir söylem olan Kıbrıs Havaları, derneğin müziksel bileşenlerinde (repertuvar, tema, ritim, çalgı, dil ve üslup) gözlemlenen çokkültürlülük izlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Kıbrıs'ta yaşayan Kıbrıslı Türk ve Kıbrıslı Rumlar'ın müzik özelinde nasıl bir araya geldiklerini ve bu eksende kendilerini nasıl tanımladıkları, kültürel özgüllüklerini müziksel bileşenler ekseninde nasıl yansıttıklarını "Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği" aracılığıyla anlamaya yönelik bir amaçla yürütülmüştür. 2021-2025 yılları arasında hem yurtiçi (Kıbrıs) hem de yurtdışında (İngiltere), derneğin katılım sağladığı faaliyetler, gözlem yoluyla izlenmiş ve incelenmiştir. Yapılan alan çalışmaları sonucunda Kıbrıslı Türk ve Kıbrıslı Rumlar'ın kültürel geleneklerinde birçok kültürel ve müziksel bileşenlerini, çokkültürlü kültürel ve siyasal bir ifade olan "Kıbrıslılık" ekseninde biçimlendirdikleri ve melez bir kültür oluşturdukları "Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği" aracılığıyla gözlemlenmiştir.Multiculturalism refers to a social structure in which multiple cultural identities coexist and interact with one another. In this regard, it is an ideological approach that advocates for the ability of societies to freely express their identities and to be equally respected and valued, both in the public and societal spheres, in the face of the dominant society. When this ideology is not implemented at the political level in a society, it can sometimes appear at the social and cultural levels. In this context, in Cyprus, where multiculturalism is not practiced at the political level, its realization is encouraged in the cultural sphere by civil society organizations that support this ideology. Accordingly, civil society organizations that advocate for a multicultural ideology of a United Cyprus aim to bring communities together by highlighting the diversity within their cultural components, thereby seeking to construct a common cultural identity based on "Cypriotness." On the musical ground, which is an important component of culture, the Cyprus Songs Association (Kıbrıs Havaları Derneği) aims to reconstruct the musical elements of the two communities’ cultural traditions within the framework of multiculturalism. In doing so, the association seeks to promote the recognition, preservation, and continuation of their distinct identities and to encourage multiculturalism by reflecting the diversity in their cultural identities. Participating in both domestic and international events, the Cyprus Songs Association presents the cultural diversity unique to Cyprus and the shared musical components that emerge from the interaction of this diversity in cultural traditions through its activities. The association, which defines its cultural identity through the lens of "Cypriotness," makes multiculturalism visible on the island by reconstructing its musical components in this context. This study consists of four chapters. The first chapter discusses the concept of multiculturalism, the processes of multiculturalism, approaches to multiculturalism proposed by theorists, multiculturalism as a policy, and the relationship between multiculturalism and music, along with how this relationship manifests in Cyprus. The second chapter examines the political, cultural, and demographic structure of the island of Cyprus. This section, based on a literature review, covers the demographic structure of the geography of Cyprus, the political formation processes that resulted from historical conflicts, the political ideologies that emerged, the activities carried out by civil society organizations in the context of these ideologies, the cultural policies applied in Cyprus, and the culture developed around "Cypriotness" as a multicultural ideological discourse. The third chapter explores the Cyprus Songs Association as an expression of multicultural structure in Cyprus. The association9s historical, political, and cultural structure, the activities it participates in, the political and cultural identity that emerges through these activities, and traces of multiculturalism in cultural elements such as folk dances, cuisine/food culture, and handicrafts featured in these events are addressed. The fourth chapter focuses on the traces of multiculturalism in music, specifically in relation to the Cyprus Songs Association. In this section, the study delves into Cyprus Songs as a discourse shaped within the framework of multiculturalism, examining the traces of multiculturalism observed in the association9s musical components such as repertoire, theme, rhythm, instruments, language, and style. This study aims to understand how Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots come together through music, how they define themselves in this context, and how they reflect their cultural uniqueness through musical components via the Cyprus Songs Association. Between 2021 and 2025, the activities in which the association participated both domestically (Cyprus) and abroad (United Kingdom) were observed and examined through observation. As a result of the fieldwork, it has been observed that Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots shape many of their cultural and musical components within the framework of "Cypriotness," a multicultural cultural and political expression, and create a hybrid culture through the Cyprus Songs Association
The function of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from peapod biomass in composite photocatalysts for the enhanced photodegradation of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) under UVC and visible light irradiation
No full textThe remediation of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) presents a significant challenge due to their environmental persistence and detrimental impact. In this study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were sustainably prepared using peapod biomass via the hydrothermal method and incorporated into a titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite photocatalyst. Chemical, morphological, and optical analysis confirmed the efficient synthesis of the CQD/TiO2 composite, which exhibited enhanced optical properties. Photocatalytic oxidation experiments demonstrated that the CQD/TiO2 composite achieved significantly higher degradation efficiencies for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA-C8) compared to pristine TiO2, with 26.3 % and 24.5 % improvements when irradiated under Ultraviolet-C (UVC) and visible light, respectively. Furthermore, the photocatalytic oxidation of short-chain PFCAs, specifically perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA-C6), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA-C5), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA-C4), and perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA-C3), were evaluated under visible light irradiation. Degradation rates for PFHxA-C6 and PFPeA-C5 significantly enhanced from 14.6 % and 19.6 % to 41.3 % and 52.1 %, respectively, when using CQD-coupled TiO2 (CQD/TiO2) compared to pure TiO2. The first-order rate constants revealed accelerated PFCA degradation using PPCQD/TiO2 photocatalysts. Intermediate formation (C3-C6) and defluorination analyses revealed stepwise decomposition of PFCAs, with enhanced CFA detachment in the presence of the CQD/TiO2 composite. The role of scavengers in PFOA degradation under visible light was also examined. This research underscores the potential of CQD-enhanced TiO2 photocatalysts for effective PFCA remediation under sustainable conditions.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [121C069]This study is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under project number 121C069
Synthetic Pesticides and Environmental Pollution
No full textPesticides are compounds either existing naturally or synthesized chemically to control and regulate pests. They can be used in agriculture and the food industry. Pesticides displayed toxicity in living organisms who came in too much contact with them. After green revolution quest to search for safe pesticides started. This chapter discusses definition, classification, causes that led to the environmental hazards. It also covers the impacts that pesticides have on air, water, soil, food security, and biodiversity. We have discussed the assessment and regulation criteria. Lastly a few alternatives to synthetic pesticides have also been elaborated. Integrated and sustainable pest management strategies should be combined with biological agents to minimize the effects of synthetic pesticides on the environment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
A STUDY ON HYPERSURFACES OF META-GOLDEN RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS
No full textThis paper focuses on hypersurfaces within meta-golden Riemannian manifolds, investigating the structures induced by the ambient manifold's meta-golden Riemannian structure. The study provides characterizations of invariant and non-invariant hypersurfaces and explores their geometric properties. Three distinct examples are also presented to illustrate the theoretical findings
Rapid detection of virgin olive oil adulteration via chemometric analysis of raw differential scanning calorimetry data and pretreated fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
No full textThis study demonstrated that both untreated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) data and pretreated Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra can effectively detect low-level adulteration of virgin olive oil (VOO) with sunflower oil, palm olein, and cottonseed oil using chemometric methods. The peaks and features in the FTIR and DSC results of the adulterated samples were associated with variations in fatty acid and triglyceride composition. The melting behaviors of the highly unsaturated and saturated triglycerides were the primary factors for the differences observed in the heating thermograms of VOO and other vegetable oils. Results revealed that the FTIR fingerprint region (1500-650 cm(-)(1)) provided the most accurate predictions, achieving an R-2 of 0.97 and an RMSEC of 0.18 using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. In comparison, DSC analysis, despite no data pretreatment, yielded a strong R-2 of 0.93 and an RMSEC of 0.27. Critical indicators of adulteration in DSC thermograms included maximum and total signal changes between - 4 degrees C and - 18 degrees C, the onset of exothermic peaks between - 32 degrees C and - 54 degrees C during cooling, and enthalpy variations in the heating profile. These results highlight the potential of both FTIR and DSC-particularly DSC's unpretreated thermograms-as rapid, reliable tools for detecting VOO adulteration.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
Scleral thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
No full textPurpose Evaluation of scleral thickness with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 30 severe (Group 1), 30 moderate (Group 2) and 30 mild (Group 3) OSAS patients and 22 healthy volunteers (Group 4) were included in the study. Scleral thickness measurements were taken with AS-OCT, 6 mm, 4 mm and 2 mm posterior to the scleral spur, in four gaze positions. Data and findings were examined comparatively. Results At 6 mm posterior to the scleral spur, the mean thickness was found to be significantly higher in all quadrants in Group 1 (p<0.05 for all). Superior thickness was higher in Group 2 compared to Group 4 (p=0.034). At 4 mm posterior to the scleral spur; in Group 1, the mean thickness was found higher than Group 2 and 3 only in the inferior (p=0.01, p=0.021, respectively) and was found higher than Group 4 in the nasal and inferior (p<0.001, p=0.006, respectively). At 2 mm posterior to the scleral spur; significant difference was observed between Groups 1 and 2 only in the inferior (p=0.002), between Groups 1 and 3 in the nasal and inferior (p=0.029, p=0.002), and between Groups 1 and 4 the in nasal and inferior (p=0.002, p<0.001). Conclusion The scleral thickness measured from 6 mm posterior to the scleral spur was higher in all quadrants in patients with severe OSAS. It is possible that the increase in scleral thickness, especially in severe OSAS, is due to extracellular matrix accumulation in the scleral tissue.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUEBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUEBITAK
Investigating The Brain Regions Related to Early Onset Psychosis: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study Considering The Effect of Hereditary Burden and Environmental Risk Factors
No full textIntroduction: Schizophrenia is both a neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder that manifests a complex spectrum of symptoms, significantly impacting mental health. In early-onset psychosis, similar to adult studies, neuroimaging focuses on ventral prefrontal cortical areas and posterior temporoparietal regions, crucial for understanding the neurodevelopmental mechanisms of these conditions in such drug-naive patients. This enables magnetic resonance imaging to be acquired before significant neurodegenerative changes occur, in contrast to chronic schizophrenia cases. Therefore, our study helps advance understanding of disease mechanisms in this patient population. Methods: We recruited forty-one subjects (17 females, 24 males; mean age=16 years; age range: 12–17 years) who were diagnosed with first-episode psychosis (FEP). We examined the relationship between gene and environmental risk scores (GERS) and whole-brain gray matter (GM) volumes through voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Results: We found a positive correlation between GM volumes of the left medial frontal gyrus, right anterior prefrontal cortex, left superior frontal gyrus, left operculum of the inferior frontal gyrus, left superior parietal lobe, and left supramarginal gyrus with the GERS. We found a negative correlation between GM volumes of the left superior frontal gyrus, left cerebellum, and the GERS. Conclusion: Our findings contribute to the understanding of structural abnormalities associated with schizophrenia, aligning with existing literature highlighting GM changes in frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices, as well as limbic structures. Our study underscores the importance of integrating structural and functional neuroimaging approaches to elucidate the pathophysiology of early-onset schizophrenia, emphasizing regions like the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and posterior parietal areas. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
ENFORMEL KARŞILAŞMALAR: SURİYELİLER VE YERLEŞİKLERİN MERDİVEN-ALTI KONFEKSİYON ATÖLYELERİNDEKİ İLİŞKİLENMELERİ
No full text(DÜBAP, 2021.05.06.1151) (TÜBİTAK, 2214-a Yurt Dışı Doktora Sırası Burs Programı, 1059B141900683)This article examines the modes of encounter and interaction between Syrians and locals in the context of the informal garment sector, taking informal garment atelier in Istanbul’s Esenler district as its point of departure. The informal textile sector, characterized by precarious working conditions, low wages, and flexible employment patterns, plays a central role in the integration of Syrian labor into Turkey’s informal labor market. Esenler serves as a particularly relevant site for observing these dynamics, given its historical formation through internal migration and its emergence, after 2011, as one of the districts with a high concentration of Syrian migrants. Based on participant observation conducted in an informal garment atelier in Esenler, along with in-depth interviews with both locals and Syrians, this study traces everyday encounters, labor processes, and the ways in which workers and employers position themselves vis-à-vis one another. The findings reveal that Syrians’ incorporation into informal garment atelier involves the formation of multilayered and often tense relationships with both locals and employers. Moving beyond the dichotomy of solidarity versus conflict, the study demonstrates that these encounters produce a complex relationality that simultaneously involves both competition and cooperation. Ultimately, the article argues that informal garment ateliers can be understood not only as economic spaces but also as everyday sites where social boundaries are negotiated.Bu makale, İstanbul’un Esenler ilçesinde bulunan merdiven-altı konfeksiyon atölyelerinden yola çıkarak Suriyeliler ve yerleşikler arasındaki karşılaşma ve ilişkilenme biçimlerini enformel hazır giyim sektörü bağlamında incelemektedir. Enformel sektör, güvencesiz çalışma koşulları, düşük ücretler ve esnek istihdam biçimleriyle, Suriyeli iş gücünün Türkiye işgücü piyasasına dahil olma süreçlerinde merkezi bir rol oynamaktadır. İstanbul’un Esenler ilçesi, hem tarihsel olarak iç göçlerle şekillenen hem de 2011 sonrası Suriyelilerin yoğun olarak yerleştiği bir ilçe olması nedeniyle bu dinamiklerin gözlemlenmesi açısından önemli bir saha niteliğindedir. Bu makale, Esenler’de bulunan bir merdiven-altı konfeksiyon atölyesinde yürütülen katılımcı gözlem ve yerleşikler ile Suriyeliler ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler yoluyla, gündelik karşılaşmaların, emek süreçlerinin, işçilerin ve işverenlerin karşılıklı konumlanışlarının izini sürmüştür. Araştırmanın bulguları, Suriyelilerin konfeksiyon atölyelerine eklemlenme sürecinde, yerleşikler ve işverenlerle çok katmanlı ve gerilimli ilişkiler kurulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Dayanışma ve çatışma ikiliğinin ötesinde, bu makalede karşılaşmaların aynı anda hem rekabet hem de iş birliğini içeren karmaşık bir ilişkisellik barındırdığı gösterilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, merdiven-altı atölyeler, sadece ekonomik değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal sınırların müzakere edildiği gündelik mücadele alanları olarak okunmaktadır.Bu araştırma finansal olarak Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK, 2214-a Yurt Dışı Doktora Sırası Burs Programı, 1059B141900683) ve Düzce Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (DÜBAP, 2021.05.06.1151) tarafından desteklenmiştir
Primer reporte del florecimiento de Polykrikos hartmannii(Dinophyceae) en las aguas costeras de la Bahía de İzmir, Mar Egeo (Mediterráneo oriental)
No full textBackground. Harmful algal blooms have increased in frequency, intensity and distribution in the last decades around the world. This increase has also been observed for the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. In November 2023, several reddish patches were observed in İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea); the dinoflagellate Polykrikos hartmannii was the causative agent. Goal. The purpose of this study was to report for the first time a bloom of this species in İzmir Bay. Methods. During the bloom, surface samples of seawater were collected using 1 liter plastic bottles at eleven sampling stations and fixed with Lugol for cell counting, which were performed under an OLYMPUS BX-50 microscope, using 1 ml Sedgewick-Rafter chambers. Samples were collected for live analysis and correct identification of the responsible species. Results. The moderate bloom occurred in November 2023 was caused by Polykrikos hartmannii. During the bloom two-celled chains were the predominant species, with single cells occurring less frequently. The highest cell abundance (4.8 x 104 cells L-1) was observed at station 29 in the inner bay. Cell sizes were 29.7 - 34.6 ?m long, and 39.6 - 44.5 ?m wide. Conclusions. Living samples allowed correct identification of P. hartmannii. Cells tend to become round or disrupted when preserved with Lugol’s solution. This may be why this species has not been previously reported. The maximum abundance of P. hartmannii was recorded in İzmir Bay at a water temperature of 14.84 °C and a salinity of 38.02 %, coinciding with highest values of nutrients. The bloom occurred in the shallowest area with limited water circulation and significant riverine inflow. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved