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Retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed with first trimester cystic hygroma; single center experiences
No full textAmaç: Kistik higroma antenatal yaşamın ilk trimesterinde veya erken ikinci trimesterde tanı konulan, sıklıkla boyun, daha nadir mediasten veya abdomen çevresinde sıvı koleksiyonu ile izlenen konjenital bir anomalidir. Bu çalışmamızın amacı kliniğimizde tanı konulan kistik higroma olgularını değerlendirmek yapısal anomaliler, genetik anomaliler açısından sonuçlarını analiz etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimize son iki yılda refere edilmiş hastalar arasından kistik higroma tanısı alan 22 hasta çalışmamıza dahil edilmiştir. Hastalarımızdan invaziv tanı testine izin veren 13 hastaya uygun hafta aralığına göre koryon villus örneklemesi veya amniyosentez uygulanmıştır. İzin vermeyen hastalar antenatal ultrasonografi takibine alınmıştır. Bulgular: Genetik veya yapısal anomalisi olan 6 hastaya tıbbi tahliye uygulanmış 5 tanesi spontane abort veya missed olmuştur. Vakalardan bir tanesine amniyosentez işlemiyle kromozomal değerlendirme ve microarray analizi yapılmış ve normal bulunmuştur, antenatal takipte rezolüsyona uğramış ve miadında sağlıklı bir bebek doğurmuştur. Sonuç: Konjenital kistik higroma tanısı konulan bebekler yapısal anomaliler, konjenital kalp hastalıkları, iskelet displazileri ve genetik hastalıklar açısından risk altındadır bu nedenle bu olguların perinatoloji genetik ve yenidoğan birimleri tarafından dikkatli takip edilmesi gerekmektedir. Genetiği normal olan bebeklerin prognozunu yapısal anomalilerin varlığı belirlemektedir.Aim: Cystic hygroma is a congenital anomaly diagnosed in the first trimester or early second trimester of antenatal life, often accompanied by fluid collection around the neck, less commonly around the mediastinum or abdomen. The aim of this study is to evaluate cases of cystic hygroma diagnosed in our clinic and to analyze their results in terms of structural anomalies and genetic abnormalities. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients diagnosed with cystic hygroma among those referred to our clinic in the last two years were included in our study. Chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis was performed on 13 patients who consented to invasive diagnostic testing, according to the appropriate week interval. Patients who did not consent were placed under antenatal ultrasound follow-up. Results: Medical termination was applied to 6 patients with genetic or structural anomalies, and 5 of them resulted in spontaneous abortion or missed abortion. Chromosomal evaluation and microarray analysis were performed on one of the cases through amniocentesis, which was found to be normal. The case underwent resolution during antenatal follow-up and delivered a healthy baby at term. Conclusion: Babies diagnosed with congenital cystic hygroma are at risk for structural anomalies, congenital heart diseases, skeletal dysplasia, and genetic disorders, therefore requiring careful monitoring by perinatology, genetics, and neonatal units. The presence of structural anomalies determines the prognosis of babies with normal genetics
RISK FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF LUNG CANCER IN IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
No full textIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease. Lung cancer (LC) is among the most crucial comorbidity factors in patients with IPF. IPF patients that are diagnosed with LC have a reduced mean survival time. Therapeutic strategies for LC in patients with IPF need to be adapted according to the individual treatment risk. Life-threatening acute exacerbation (AE) of IPF may occur in association with cancer treatment, thereby severely restricting the therapeutic options for IPF-associated LC. Because LC and anticancer treatments can worsen the prognosis of IPF, the prevention of LC is as critical as managing patients with IPF
İturin A'nın Parkinson hastalığının 6-OHDA kaynaklı SH-SY5Y hücre modelinde anti-inflamatuar etkileri
No full textAim: Biosurfactants produced by bacteria are particularly important due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties, which offer therapeutic and biomedical potential. Nevertheless, no research has examined the impact of Bacillus-derived biosurfactant Iturin A on Parkinson's disease. This study examined the neuroprotection through cytokine modulation of Iturin A to formulate a novel therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease. Materials and Methods: The effect of Iturin A on cell viability in SH-SY5Y cells was evaluated by the [3-(4,5-Dimethyl thiazole-2) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method. As a result of this experiment, the non-toxic dose was determined by cell viability (%). To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Iturin A, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with a non-toxic dose of Iturin A and then induced with 6-OHDA. After these treatments, cytokines (interleukin 6, transforming growth factor beta) and chemokine (interleukin 8) in SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated by ELISA kit. GraphPad Prism 9 was used to analyze all data. Results: Using one-way ANOVA and Dunn's post hoc test, normally distributed data was tested for multiple comparisons. Treatment with Iturin A for 48 hours showed a neuroprotective effect on 6-hydroxy dopamine-induced SH-SY5Y cells by statistically significantly decreasing the expression levels of interleukin 6 (P<0.001), transforming growth factor beta (P<0.001), and interleukin 8 (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Iturin A might offer new approaches to treating Parkinson's patients, and additional in vivo studies are necessary to confirm the in vitro results.Amaç: Bakteriler tarafından üretilen biyosürfaktanlar, terapötik ve biyomedikal potansiyel sunan antibakteriyel, antifungal ve antiviral özellikleri nedeniyle özellikle önemlidir. Bununla birlikte, hiçbir araştırma Bacillus türevi biyosürfaktan İturin A'nın Parkinson hastalığı üzerindeki etkisini incelememiştir. Bu çalışma, Parkinson hastalığı için yeni bir terapötik yaklaşım formüle etmek amacıyla İturin A'nın sitokin aracılı nöroprotektif etkisini incelemiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: İturin A'nın SH-SY5Y hücrelerindeki hücre canlılığı üzerindeki etkisi MTT [3-(4,5-Dimetil tiyazol-2) 2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromür] yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. MTT deneyinin sonucunda, toksik olmayan doz hücre canlılığı (%) ile belirlendi. İturin A'nın nöroprotektif etkisini değerlendirmek için, SH-SY5Y hücreleri toksik olmayan bir doz Iturin A ile muamele edildi ve ardından 6-OHDA ile indüklendi. Bu muamelelerden sonra, SH-SY5Y hücrelerindeki sitokinler (IL-6, TGF-?) ve kemokin (IL-8) ELISA kiti ile değerlendirildi. Tüm verileri analiz etmek için GraphPad Prism 9 kullanıldı. Bulgular: İturin A ile 48 saatlik tedavi, sitokinlerin (IL-6, TGF-?) ve kemokin (IL-8) ifade seviyelerini değiştirerek 6-OHDA ile indüklenen SH-SY5Y hücrelerinde nöroprotektif bir etki gösterdi (p<0,05 - p<0,0001). Sonuç: Iturin A, Parkinson hastalarının tedavisinde yeni yaklaşımlar sunabilir ve in vitro sonuçları doğrulamak için ek in vivo çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE RECONCEPTUALİZATİON OF INCLUSİVİTY AS A MANAGEMENT PRACTİCE İN THE TURKİSH INSTİTUTİONAL CONTEXT
No full textIn this study, the concept of inclusivity, which originated in the European context, is evaluated through the lens of the translation approach, with the aim of discovering the dimensions of inclusivity specific to the Turkish context. In-depth interviews were conducted with individuals actively engaged in the workforce. The concept of inclusivity is examined on three levels: general perception of inclusivity, inclusivity at the organizational level, and inclusivity among colleagues. Using a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, inclusivity is analyzed based on participants’ experiences. According to the study’s findings, inclusivity is defined through dimensions of ignoring differences, high similarity, acceptance/rejection, and respect. At the organizational level, inclusivity is perceived through the inclusion of diversity, meritocracy, participation in decision-making processes, and openness to ideas and suggestions. Inclusivity among colleagues is reflected in cooperation and solidarity, communication within the group, and socialization. These findings support the institutional perspective, which argues that management knowledge and practices are not universal but are restructured according to the specific contexts in which they are transferred. Therefore, the discovery of Turkey-specific inclusivity dimensions in this study demonstrates that management practices vary contextually and are reshaped based on the unique cultural and institutional dynamics of each country
Postoperative Outcomes in Normotensive and Hypertensive Pheochromocytomas: An International Study
No full textContext: Postoperative outcomes of patients with normotensive pheochromocytomas are poorly documented. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative hypertension on postoperative outcomes following adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Methods An international retrospective study of patients undergoing adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma in 46 centers between 2012 and 2022 was performed. Hypertensive and normotensive pheochromocytoma were defined respectively by the presence or absence of hypertension history before or at the time of pheochromocytoma diagnosis. To evaluate differences in postoperative outcomes between hypertensive and normotensive patients, propensity score matched (PSM) analysis was performed. Results: Among 2016 patients with pheochromocytoma, 1034 (51.2%) had preoperative hypertension and 982 (49.8%) were normotensive. Hypertensive patients were 4.5 years older (P < .001), had a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (P < .001), had a higher median Charlson Comorbidity Index (2.0 vs 1.0; P < .001), and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of III to IV more frequently (41% vs 19.9%; P < .001) than normotensive patients. Nonadjusted analysis demonstrated that hypertensive patients had longer operative time (115.0 vs 103.5 minutes; P = .026), higher rate of vasopressors at skin closure (19.7% vs 15.4%; P = .013), more perioperative blood transfusions (7.7% vs 5.0%; P = .016), and an increased complication rate (21.6% vs 17.7%; P = .029). However, after 1:1 PSM, we found that readmission, complications, and serious complications were similar between cohorts. Conclusion: Patients with hypertensive pheochromocytomas have a higher risk of postoperative complications than normotensive patients due to the association of hypertension with a higher burden of comorbidities and older age. However, hypertension is not an independent risk factor of postoperative complications after pheochromocytoma surgery.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [PI22/01525]; European UnionInstituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), PI22/01525, co-funded by the European Union
İnsansız hava araçları ağlarında güvenilir bağlılık yönetimi ve restorasyonu
No full textSon yıllarda elektronik ve batarya teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler sayesinde küçük boyutlu dronların uygulama alanları artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, ESP8266-12E mikrodenetleyicisi tabanlı, yaklaşık 35 gram ağırlığında ve 130×130 mm boyutlarında mikro dronlar kullanılarak deneysel ve teorik değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Havada sabit duruş, doğrusal hareket, L-şekilli ve kare biçimli rota kapsamında dronların uçuş hassasiyeti incelenmiştir. Sabit duruş modunda ortalama konumsal sapma ±8.5 cm olarak ölçülürken, doğrusal uçuşta bu değer ±12.3 cm'ye çıkmıştır. Daha karmaşık olan L-şekilli ve kare rotalarda ise sapmalar sırasıyla ±14.9 cm ve ±16.7 cm düzeyinde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu bulgular, rota karmaşıklığının artmasıyla birlikte konumsal doğrulukta belirli bir düşüş yaşandığını göstermektedir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında, batarya voltajındaki düşüşün uçuş istikrarı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Uçuş süresi ilerledikçe, özellikle karmaşık manevralar sırasında kontrol hassasiyetinde azalma tespit edilmiştir. Deneysel uçuş verilerine dayalı regresyon tabanlı enerji tüketim modeli önerilmiştir. Tezin son bölümünde, dronların oluşturduğu çok sekmeli ağlarda, ağın yapısal güvenilirliği için kritik bağlantılar analiz edilmiştir. Özellikle, ağın güvenilirliğini düşüren kritik bağlantıların tespiti için yeni bir algoritma önerilmiştir. Tespit edilen kritik bağlantılar ağdan çıkarıldığında, dronlar arası ikili patikaların sayısı önemli ölçüde azalabilir. Bu bağlantıların tespiti ve giderilmesi, dron ağlarının yapısal güvenilirliğini artırabilir ve restorasyon sürecini hızlandırabilir.In recent years, advancements in electronics and battery technologies have led to the increased use of small-scale drones in various application areas. In the first part of this study, experimental and theoretical evaluations were conducted using micro drones that use ESP8266-12E microcontroller, each weighing approximately 35 grams and measuring 130×130 mm. Flight accuracy was examined under four distinct flight scenarios: hovering, linear motion, L-shaped, and square-shaped trajectory. In hovering mode, the average positional deviation was measured as ±8.5 cm, whereas in linear flight, this value increased to ±12.3 cm. For L-shaped and square trajectories, the deviations were recorded as ±14.9 cm and ±16.7 cm, respectively. These results indicate a noticeable decline in positional accuracy as trajectory complexity increases. In the second part of this study, the impact of battery voltage drop on flight stability was also examined. As the flight duration increased, a decrease in control precision and an increase in positional deviations were observed, especially during complex maneuvers. A regression based energy consumption model based on experimental flight data is proposed. In the last part of the thesis, critical connections in the multi-hop drone networks are analyzed. In particular, a new algorithm is proposed to detect critical connections that reduce the reliability of the network. Removing the detected critical connections from the network, may significantly reduce the number of pair-wise connections between drones. Detection and resolving of these connections can increase the topological reliability of drone networks and accelerate the restoration process
Digital Transformation in Leather Color Fastness Evaluation: Computer-Assisted Grey Scale Analysis
No full textLeather is a critical material in the fashion industry, where it is required to meet specific customer demands for color, specifications, and performance, especially regarding color fastness. Traditional methods for assessing color fastness rely on subjective evaluations conducted by professional experts using grey scale standards. However, human evaluation can be inconsistent due to various factors, such as lighting conditions and individual perception. In this study, leather samples were first subjected to expert evaluations and scored using the grey scale system. These evaluations were then compared with color measurement data obtained through a spectrophotometer, which was processed using custom-designed software (written in the Python programming language). This software provided precise grey scale values based on the color measurements, enabling accurate digital assessments. The results of the comparative analysis showed that the computer-assisted grey scale assessment could be completed in a significantly shorter time frame with a minimal margin of error, offering a more reliable and efficient alternative to traditional evaluation methods. This approach not only enhances the accuracy of color assessments but also streamlines the evaluation process in the leather industry.Ege niversitesi [17-MUH-002]; Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ege UniversityThe authors express their gratitude to the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ege University for providing financial support for the implementation of Project Number 17-MUH-002
HIV-related microaggressions and depressive symptoms among people living with HIV: the mediating roles of internalised stigma and coping with shame
No full textObjectives Overtly experienced HIV-related stigma is associated with depressive symptoms for people living with HIV (PLWH). Research suggests that an important mediating mechanism in this association is internalised stigma, where PLWH accept negative societal views about HIV, apply them to themselves and develop a negative view of themselves. Microaggressions are subtle and indirect discriminatory behaviours and, like overtly experienced stigma, may also contribute to depressive symptoms. We tested this hypothesis and examined the mediating roles of internalised stigma and maladaptive ways of coping with shame in the association between microaggressions and depressive symptoms among PLWH in T & uuml;rkiye.Methods This study examines the serial mediating roles of internalised HIV stigma and shame-related coping strategies (ie, withdrawal and self-attack) in the association between HIV-related microaggressions and depressive symptoms among PLWH. PLWH in Izmir, T & uuml;rkiye (N=308) completed validated scales measuring experiences of microaggressions, internalised HIV stigma, coping strategies related to shame and depression symptoms.Results Structural equation modelling results suggest that internalised HIV stigma significantly mediates the relationship between HIV-related microaggressions and depression symptoms. Furthermore, serial mediation analysis suggests that withdrawal and self-attack strategies of coping with shame mediate the association between internalised HIV stigma and depressive symptoms. Thus, internalised HIV stigma and shame-related coping strategies may partially stem from experiencing HIV-related microaggressions and may negatively affect the mental health of PLWH.Conclusions Findings highlight the importance of assessing subtle forms of discrimination (ie, microaggressions) given their negative impact on the self-concept of PLWH. In addition to addressing negative attitudes and behaviours against PLWH in society, interventions that help PLWH cope with shame-related experiences might improve their mental health.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [121C088]BT's time for this research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under Project Number 121C088, titled 'Stigma in the Lives of Refugees Living in Turkey
Electropolymerized poly(Congo red) on graphene oxide: a novel platform for electrochemical sensing of acyclovir
No full textIn this work, a composite electrode was prepared by the electropolymerization of Congo red on a graphene oxide glassy carbon electrode (PCR/GO/GCE). The modified electrode surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical behavior of acyclovir (ACV), a widely used antiviral drug, was investigated using CV and DPV techniques in pH 5.1 Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer. Selective and stable responses were exhibited by the developed electrode, which provided a 45-fold higher current value compared to the bare GCE. DPV studies revealed linear ranges between 0.01 mu mol L-1 and 1.3 mu mol L-1 and between 2.2 and 18 mu mol L-1, with a detection limit of 3.4 nmol L-1. The practical applicability of PCR/GO/GCE was demonstrated in pharmaceutical real sample analysis with high accuracy
A Nationwide Study in Turkiye on General Surgery Residents' Satisfaction: Challenges and Realities
No full textOBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the satisfaction of general surgery residents with their specialty choice in terms of exposure to mobbing, the effects of the pandemic process, burnout, anxiety, and depression levels. METHOD: The study was designed as a descriptive crosssectional online survey. A 73-item questionnaire, created in a digital format, was shared after obtaining the participants' consent by contacting 93 clinics providing general surgery training in Turkiye. General surgery residents undergoing training and agreeing to participate in the survey were included in the study. The questionnaire included items assessing participants' demographic characteristics, professional opinions, experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, and exposure to workplace mobbing. In addition, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), 2 validated psychometric instruments, were used to assess levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout. RESULTS: A total of 552 participants took part in the study. In the past 3 months, 44.7% reported making a medical error, and 61.4% had considered resigning at least once during residency. Gender discrimination was significantly more prevalent among female participants (p <0.001) and was associated with higher resignation consideration (p = 0.045). Elevated anxiety (53.3%) and depression (82.4%) scores were common. High levels of emotional exhaustion (72.5%) and depersonalization (74.6%) were also observed, while 8.3% had low personal accomplishment. Burnout, anxiety, and depression scores were significantly higher among those who reported medical errors, considered resignation, or experienced gender discrimination (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Among general surgery residents in Turkiye, those who considered resignation, made medical errors, or experienced gender discrimination were found to have higher levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout. Additionally, anxiety and depression were higher in residents who slept less than 40 hours per week, worked more than 80 hours per week, experienced verbal or emotional abuse, were unable to spend sufficient time with their family and loved ones, and spent less than an hour in the operating room. (J Surg Ed 82:103601. (c) 2025 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.