Ege University Institutional Repository
Not a member yet
116239 research outputs found
Sort by
Küresel ve Yerel Boyutlariyla Osmanli'dan Cumhuriyet'e Fitopatolojinin Tarihi
No full textPlant diseases lead to significant yield losses in agricultural production, creating profound impacts in social, economic, and commercial domains. This study aims to examine in detail the historical development of phytopathology from the Ottoman Empire to Republican Turkey. The primary goal of the research is to shed light on the global history of plant pathology while addressing key milestones in the field and developments specific to Turkey. In particular, the invention of the microscope in the 17th century, the potato blight crisis in Ireland in the 19th century, and the impact of World War I in the early 20th century on the development of phytopathology are emphasized. Following the scientific and technological advancements in the West during the Ottoman modernization process played a crucial role in the development of phytopathology in Turkey. Although agricultural education began during the Ottoman period with the Tanzimat reforms, institutional shortcomings and the lack of sustainable policies prevented lasting progress during this process. During the Republic period, phytopathology education underwent a process of modernization, facilitating the advancement of significant scientific research in the discipline. Starting from the 1950s, phytopathology departments were established in universities, where relevant courses were offered, and extensive research was conducted in collaboration with agricultural pest control institutes. This process reveals how phytopathology evolved within Turkey's educational and bureaucratic structure and its effects on society. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on outcomes of COPD patients in Turkey: lessons for the future
No full textBackground The COVID-19 pandemic and related public health restrictions have substantially altered healthcare access and delivery, particularly for patients with chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on COPD-related symptoms and hospital admissions, and to compare these outcomes with the pre-pandemic period. Methods This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2021 and February 2022 across ten tertiary pulmonary outpatient clinics in Turkey. A total of 347 COPD patients were included. Data on demographics, spirometry, symptom progression, medication access, COVID-19 history, and hospital admissions were collected via structured questionnaire and medical records. Pandemic-related outcomes were compared with data from the pre-pandemic year (March 2019-March 2020). Additional multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of hospital admission and COVID-19-related hospitalization. Results The mean number of hospital admissions significantly decreased during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period (p < 0.001), while patient-reported respiratory symptoms increased over time. Hospital admissions were lowest during the first pandemic period, when restrictions were most intense. Regression analyses showed that lower FEV1, advanced GOLD stage, and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use were independently associated with increased hospital admissions. COVID-19 was diagnosed in 21.1% of patients. Lower FEV1, GOLD stage, and smoking were significantly associated with COVID-19-related hospitalization. Conclusion Although COPD-related hospital admissions decreased during the pandemic, respiratory symptoms progressively worsened. These findings reflect the complex interplay between public health measures, healthcare accessibility, and chronic disease management. Disease severity and airflow limitation were key determinants of adverse outcomes. Maintaining access to routine care and adopting personalized approaches in COPD management are essential during public health emergencies
Psychological and Clinical Factors Mediate Post-COVID-19 Irritable Bowel Syndrome
No full textBackground: Exposure to COVID-19 has been shown previously to be associated with a higher risk for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to better explain this relationship using mediation analysis. Methods: This post hoc analysis of a multicenter cohort study includes 623 patients with and without COVID-19 infection. All participants completed the ROME IV criteria, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS), and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) over 1 year. Mediation analysis utilized the PROCESS macro and Baron and Kenny's method for parametric and nonparametric mediating variables, respectively. Key Results: The impact of COVID-19 on the development of post-COVID-19 IBS is completely mediated by dyspnea at baseline (adjusted OR = 3.561, p = 0.012), severity of acid regurgitation at 1 month [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.090, 95% CI (0.006–0.180)], hunger pains at 1 [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.094, 95% CI (0.024–0.178)], and 6 months [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.074, 95% CI (0.003–0.150)], depression at 6 [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.106, 95% CI (0.009–0.225)] and 12 months [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.146, 95% CI (0.016–0.311)] as well as borborygmus [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.095, 95% CI (0.009–0.203)], abdominal distention [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.162, 95% CI (0.047–0.303)], and increased flatus [indirect effect, log-odds metric = 0.110, 95% CI (0.005–0.234)] at 12 months. Conclusions and Inferences: Our findings provide evidence for psychological and clinical mediators between COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 IBS, which may be promising targets for interventions tailored for treating or preventing depression. The presence of specific GI symptoms at COVID-19 onset and their persistence should increase awareness of a potential new onset of IBS diagnosis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
KENT VE MEDYA ORTAMLARINDA ÂŞIKLIK GELENEĞİ-OZAN ALİ DAĞCI Avcı, Cevdet (2021). Kent ve Medya Ortamlarında Âşıklık Geleneği-Ozan Ali Dağcı. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları ISBN: 978-625-7305-43-3, 374 sayfa
No full textAn evaluation of physical activity levels and mental health among young people: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the role of physical activity on mental health. This topic is essential, as physical activity is widely recognized for its potential impact on mental health outcomes, including well-being and resilience. However, there remains a need for further research on how specific types and levels of activity contribute to mental health, particularly among young people. Methods: The study group consisted of 427 students studying at universities in Turkey. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale Short Form, the Psychological Resilience Scale (Short Form), and the Psychological Vulnerability Scale. Skewness and kurtosis values were used to analyze the normality of data distribution. MANOVA, Chi-Square Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple Stepwise Regression tests were conducted for data analysis. Results: The results showed that female students were more inactive and engaged in less vigorous activities than males (p 0.05). Descriptive findings indicated that students displayed relatively high levels of psychological vulnerability. Mental health components were found to be interrelated (p < 0.05). Physically active students exhibited higher levels of mental well-being and psychological resilience and lower levels of psychological vulnerability (p < 0.05). Finally, walking emerged as the best predictor of students’ psychological resilience and mental well-being, and along with moderate levels of physical activity, it significantly contributed to improved mental well-being (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This research shows that participation in physical activity increases university students’ mental resilience, reduces their psychological vulnerability and supports their mental well-being. In particular, walking and moderate physical activity were found to have the strongest effects. The results emphasise that physical activity promotion is a critical requirement for improving students’ mental health. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Probable and confirmed sarcopenia are still better predictors of disability than sarcopenic obesity following ESPEN/EASO consensus steps
No full textBackground: Studies comparing different operational definitions of sarcopenia (S) and sarcopenic obesity (SO) defined according to the ‘’European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism and the European Association for the Study of Obesity’’ (ESPEN/EASO) criteria with functionality are scarce. Our aim is to investigate whether SO or S with different skeletal muscle mass (SMM) adjustments is better associated with functional disability. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in older individuals ? 65 years of age in a geriatric outpatient clinic. Probable and confirmed sarcopenia were evaluated with the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria, and SO with ESPEN/EASO consensus steps. For SMM component for both S and SO, different adjustments (weight, body mass index, and height square (W, BMI, H2 respectively)) were used. Functional disability was examined with activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental ADL (IADL). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn and area under ROC curve (AUC) were calculated to find which operational definition best predicts disability. Results: Data from 1477 older adults were screened. 408 participants (median age; 73 (65–101), 65% female) were included. Prevelance of SO was 6.9%. Probable sarcopenia, confirmed sarcopenia BMI-adjusted and confirmed sarcopenia W-adjusted were significantly associated with impaired IADL (p < 0.001), and showed fair accuracy for predicting IADL disability. Sarcopenic obesity did not show significant associations with ADL and IADL disability and didn’t predict ADL and IADL disability. Only confirmed sarcopenia by BMI predicted ADL disability with poor accuracy. Among operational definitions of sarcopenia, probable sarcopenia had the highest sensitivity (83.6%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (94.2%) for predicting IADL disability. Conclusion: We found that probable sarcopenia (with the highest sensitivity and NPV) and confirmed sarcopenia (BMI-adjusted with higher sensitivity and NPV than W-adjusted) were the most relevant for predicting IADL disability, but their diagnostic accuracy was limited. Confirmed sarcopenia by BMI predicted ADL disability with poor accuracy. Other operational definitions, including SO did not predict functional disability in our study. Future studies need to refine the definitions of SO and investigate its distinct impact on functional impairment compared to sarcopenia alone. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The use of thyroid cartilage needle electrodes during intra-operative nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery: A multi-center retrospective study
No full textIn previous studies, the use of thyroid cartilage needle electrodes (TCN) was defined as an inexpensive method for intra-operative nerve monitoring (IONM) in thyroid surgery. This multi-center retrospective study aims to determine the effectiveness and reliability of TCN in thyroid surgery. Patients operated on between January 2018 and August 2023 from five centers were included in this study. Demographic data, indications, type of surgery, IONM recording system, pre-post-resection vagus nerve (V1-V2), pre-post-resection recurrent laryngeal nerve (R1-R2) amplitudes and latency values, type of loss of signal (LOS), adverse event (AE), intra-operative injury mechanism, and post-operative vocal cord examination (VCE) were evaluated. Patients with abnormal preoperative vocal cord examination were excluded. A total of 2105 patients (3772 nerves at risk) were included [1626 (77%) female, 479 (23%) male]; within this study, 1112 patients (53%) received a diagnosis of malignancy, while 993 (47%) were diagnosed with benign conditions. The mean initial vagus amplitude was 1093.74 mu V (+/- 861.39). LOS occurred in 63 patients [Type 1 (84%), Type 2 (16%)] and AE in 36. No false-positive LOS occurred. Forty-six (87%) of LOS type 1 patients and nine (90%) of LOS type 2 patients had vocal cord palsy (VCP) during VCE (p < 0.05). In AE patients, there were only two (5.5%) patients who had vocal cord palsy during VCE (p < 0.05). VCP occurred in 57(2.7%) patients, with 9 (0.42%) remaining permanent. TCN is an inexpensive and feasible alternative to endotracheal tube electrodes and a system with satisfying amplitudes. It can also precisely predict post-operative vocal cord functions.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK
Evaluating artificial intelligence for a focal nodular hyperplasia diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging: preliminary findings
No full textPURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compare its performance with that of radiologists. METHODS: In the first phase of the study, the MRIs of 60 patients (30 patients with FNH and 30 patients with no lesions or lesions other than FNH) were processed using a segmentation program and introduced to an AI model. After the learning process, the MRIs of 42 different patients that the AI model had no experience with were introduced to the system. In addition, a radiology resident and a radiology specialist evaluated patients with the same MR sequences. The sensitivity and specificity values were obtained from all three reviews. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the AI model were found to be 0.769, 0.966, 0.909, and 0.903, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values were higher than those of the radiology resident and lower than those of the radiology specialist. The results of the specialist versus the AI model revealed a good agreement level, with a kappa (?) value of 0.777. CONCLUSION: For the diagnosis of FNH, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the AI device were higher than those of the radiology resident and lower than those of the radiology specialist. With additional studies focused on different specific lesions of the liver, AI models are expected to be able to diagnose each liver lesion with high accuracy in the future. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: AI is studied to provide assisted or automated interpretation of radiological images with an accurate and reproducible imaging diagnosis. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicin
Factors influencing the prescription of add-on long-acting muscarinic antagonists in real-world asthma management: Insights from a national registry
No full textCurrent guidelines recommend adding long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) in patients with uncontrolled asthma, despite the use of moderate to high doses of inhaled steroid-long-acting beta agonists (ICS/LABA). This study aims to analyze the factors related to the prescription of add-on LAMA in clinical practice for asthma patients, shedding light on physicians' preferences. This study included adult asthma patients on add-on LAMA and ICS/LABA monitored for at least one year in a national registry comprising 2053 asthmatics. Patients' characteristics and disease profiles were analyzed to identify factors associated with the prescription of add-on LAMA across the entire cohort. A comparative analysis was performed among three groups: MART (ICS/formoterol as a maintenance and reliever therapy) plus LAMA, Conventional (ICS/LABA as a maintenance and short-acting beta agonist as reliever) plus LAMA and Triple (ICS/ LABA/LAMA single inhaler). LAMAs were added to ICS/LABA in 11.7 % of patients in the national registry. Logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, low FEV1 (%), Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores less than 20, and severe exacerbation were the main factors influencing the initiation of LAMA in our registry. However, demographic characteristics of asthma, control status, pulmonary function test results were similar among the three groups of LAMA users (p > 0.05). Physicians used LAMAs without phenotyping based on allergic status or eosinophil levels (p > 0.05). Mepolizumab was added after LAMA in all patients, while omalizumab was initiated before LAMA in 16.9 % of the patients receiving LAMA along with biologics. Add-on LAMAs were predominantly prescribed for older, uncontrolled, and exacerbated asthma patients with low FEV1.Turkish Thoracic Society [Y-083-2021]The registry is founded for using a medical data management system by the Turkish Thoracic Society with project number: Y-083-2021
Hemşirelik eğitiminde program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunun belirlenmesinde bir yol haritası\: Doğrudan ve dolaylı değerlendirme yöntemlerinin kullanımı
No full textAmaç: Hemşirelik lisans programlarında program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunun belirlenmesinde doğrudan ve dolaylı değerlendirme yöntemleri kullanılarak bir yol haritası geliştirmektir. Yöntem: İki aşamada yürütülen bu çalışmanın birinci aşamasında hemşirelik lisans eğitim programı öğrencilerinin program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunu dolaylı ölçmede kullanılabilecek "Hemşirelik Lisans Eğitim Programı Ulusal Yeterlikleri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HLEP-UYDÖ)"nin geliştirilmesi amacıyla metodolojik türde bir çalışma yürütülmüştür (n=776). Çalışmanın ikinci aşaması karma yöntem türünde olup, eşzamanlı eşit statülü tasarım kullanılmıştır. Nicel ve nitel veriler eşzamanlı olarak toplanmıştır. Nicel yöntemde (n=155) program çıktıları (PÇ)'na ulaşma durumunun belirlenmesinde; HLEP-UYDÖ, Program Çıktıları değerlendirme formu ve "Öğrenci Bazında Kişisel Makro Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Modeli" kullanılmıştır. Nitel bölümde (n=20) hemşirelik öğrencilerinin program çıktılarına ulaşma durumları hakkında görüşlerini, deneyimlerini ve duygularını araştırmak için fenomenolojik bir yaklaşım kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla veri toplama tekniklerinden derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; birinci aşamada SPSS 25 ve LISREL 8.8, ikinci aşamada nitel verileri için MAXQDA ve nicel veriler için Microsoft Excel ve SPSS programlarından yararlanılmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız t testi, Oneway Anova Testi kullanılmış ve Pearson korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada p < 0.05 olan değerler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Öğrenci Bazında Kişisel Makro Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Modeli kullanılarak üç ders kümesiyle hesaplamalarla yapılmış, birbirine çok yakın sonuçlar elde edilmiş böylece tüm derslerden elde edilen bulgular üzerinden yorumlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu model ile program çıktılarına ulaşma durumu sınıf bazında ve mezuniyete kadar birikimli olarak hesaplanmıştır. Analizler sonucu doğrudan ve dolaylı nicel olarak program çıktılarına ulaşma durumu belirlenmiştir. Nitel analizlerle elde edilen tema, kategori ve kodlar ilgili PÇ'lerle eşleştirilmiş, elde edilen nicel bulgularla birlikte yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelik Lisans Eğitim Programı Ulusal Yeterlikleri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HLEP-UYDÖ)'nin program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunun dolaylı değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek, 43 madde ve dört alt boyuttan oluşan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu bulunmuştur. Doğrudan değerlendirmede program çıktılarına ulaşma düzeyinin tüm program çıktılarında 4 üzerinden 3'ün üzerinde olduğu, dolaylı ve doğrudan değerlendirmeler sonucu öğrencilerin program çıktılarına büyük oranda ulaştıkları görülmüştür. Dolaylı değerlendirmede kullanılan ölçme araçları (HLEP-UYDÖ ve PÇ değerlendirme formu) arasında pozitif yönde orta ve yüksek düzeyde, doğrudan ve dolaylı ölçümler arasında çok zayıf ve zayıf düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki görülmüştür (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada hemşirelik lisans programlarında program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunun belirlenmesinde doğrudan ve dolaylı değerlendirme yöntemleri kullanılarak bir yol haritası geliştirilmiştir. Program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunun değerlendirilmesinde doğrudan ve dolaylı değerlendirme yöntemlerinin etkili olduğu, beraber kullanıldığında program çıktılarına ulaşma durumuna ilişkin daha açıklayıcı bilgi elde edildiği görülmüştür. Nicel yöntemle elde edilen doğrudan ve dolaylı değerlendirme sonuçlarının birleştirilmesi, genel program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunu ortaya koymada önemli avantajlar sağlamıştır. Nitel yöntem ile elde edilen bulgularla program çıktılarına ulaşma durumu sayısal sonuçların ötesine geçmiş ve eğitim programının güçlü ve geliştirilmesi gereken yönlerini de ortaya konmuştur. Bu açıdan program çıktılarına ulaşma durumunu doğrudan ve dolaylı yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi, dolaylı değerlendirmelere nitel yaklaşımların dahil edilmesi önerilmektedir.Aim: The aim is to develop a road map using direct and indirect assessment methods to determine the achievement of program outcomes in undergraduate nursing programs. Method: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a methodological study was conducted to develop "the Nursing Undergraduate Education Program National Competency Assessment Scale (NUEP-NCAS)" that could be used to indirectly measure the achievement of program outcomes by students in nursing undergraduate education programs (n=776). The second stage of the study adopted a mixed-methods approach with a concurrent equal status design. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously. In the quantitative method (n = 155), the NUEP-NCAS, the program outcome (PO) evaluation form and "the Student-Based Personal Macro Measurement and Evaluation Model" were used to determine the status of program outcome achievement. In the qualitative section (n=20), a phenomenological approach was used to investigate nursing students' views, experiences, and feelings regarding their achievement of program outcomes. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted as a data collection technique. In the analysis of the data, SPSS 25 and LISREL 8.8 were used in the first stage, and MAXQDA was used for qualitative data and Microsoft Excel and SPSS 25 were used for quantitative data in the second stage. In the analysis of quantitative data, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Oneway ANOVA test were used, and Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. Values with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Using the Student-Based Personal Macro Measurement and Evaluation Model, calculations were performed with three course clusters, yielding very similar results, which were then interpreted based on the findings from all courses. Additionally, this model was used to calculate PÇ achievement status by class and cumulatively up to graduation. The results of the analyses determined the direct and indirect quantitative status of program outcomes. The themes, categories, and codes obtained through qualitative analyses were matched with the relevant program outcomes and interpreted together with the quantitative findings. Results: The Nursing Undergraduate Education Program National Competency Assessment Scale (NUEP-NCAS) was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool consisting of 43 items and four sub-dimensions that can be used in the indirect assessment of program outcomes. In direct assessment, the level of achievement of program outcomes was found to be above 3 out of 4 in all program outcomes, and as a result of both indirect and direct assessments, it was observed that students achieved program outcomes to a large extent. A moderate to high positive correlation was observed between the measurement tools used in indirect assessment (HLEP-UYDÖ and PÇ assessment form), while a very weak to weak significant correlation was observed between direct and indirect measurements (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, a roadmap was developed using direct and indirect evaluation methods to determine the achievement of program outcomes in nursing licensure programs. It was found that direct and indirect evaluation methods are effective in evaluating the achievement of program outcomes, and that when used together, they provide more explanatory information about the achievement of program outcomes. There were advantages to combining the results of direct and indirect evaluations using quantitative methods to reveal the overall achievement of program outcomes. The findings obtained through qualitative methods went beyond numerical results and revealed the strengths and areas for improvement of the education program. From this perspective, it is recommended that the status of achievement program outcomes be evaluated using both direct and indirect methods, and that qualitative approaches be included in indirect evaluations