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Interlaboratory validation of an optimized protocol for measuring ?-amylase activity by the INFOGEST international research network
No full textThe activity of alpha-amylases is frequently determined using a single-point assay at 20 degrees C. Previous work within INFOGEST Working Group 5 - Starch digestion and amylases identified significant interlaboratory variation with this protocol. The current study aimed to evaluate the repeatability (intralaboratory precision) and reproducibility (interlaboratory precision), measured as coefficients of variation (CVs), of a newly optimized protocol version based on four time-point measurements at 37 degrees C. Human saliva (a pool from ten healthy adults) and three porcine enzyme preparations (two pancreatic alpha-amylases and pancreatin) were tested in 13 laboratories across 12 countries and 3 continents. Assay repeatability for each lab remained below 20% for all test products and the overall repeatability was below 15%, ranging between 8 and 13% for all products. Reproducibility was greatly improved with interlaboratory CVs ranging from 16 to 21%, i.e. up to four times lower than with the original method. Five laboratories repeated the same assay at 20 degrees C, and the amylolytic activity of each product increased by 3.3-fold (+/- 0.3) from 20 to 37 degrees C. The newly optimized protocol is henceforth recommended to ensure precise determinations of alpha-amylase activity levels and to facilitate comparisons across different studies.European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program Marie Sklodowska-Curie actionsThe authors are grateful for the help provided by Andre Brodkorb, Nefeli Lampoglou, and Conor Fitzpatrick (Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark) and Didier Dupont (INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO) in the preparation of the ring trial. Figure 6 and some of the illustrations used in the graphical abstract have been created in https://BioRender.com. During the preparation of this work Perplexity AI has been used to conduct online searches and refine certain text passages. The authors reviewed and edited the content as needed after using this tool and take full responsibility for the content of the publication
Paired copy number variation analysis in siblings discordant for familial Parkinson's disease
No full textObjectives: Numerous studies on the genetic pathogenesis of familial Parkinson's Disease (PD) have explained the etiology of only a limited percentage of cases. In this study, we aimed to identify copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with familial PD compared to their healthy siblings. Methods: Genomic microarray analysis was performed using the CytoScan HD array platform, and paired copy number variation analysis was performed using Partek Genomics Suite. Results: A total of 211 CNVs were detected in patients (genomic markers per CNV >10, markers per base pair >0.0005). Genes localized in CNV regions were enriched in the Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathway. Subsequently, CNVs located in regions with segmental duplication, large genomic gap or dosage sensitivity unlikely, with a frequency higher than 0.01%, and found to be both amplified and deleted in patients were excluded. Genes potentially affected by exonic copy number losses were HPGDS, TUBB8, ZMYND11, FLI-1, THADA, FAM47E, FAM47E-STBD1, AGMO, CYRIB, and MIR5194, while the detected copy number gains included the exons of the PCSK6, MIR4522, WSB1, C8orf44-SGK3, SGK3, and MCMDC2. No copy number variations were detected on chromosomes 13 and 18. Conclusions: Here, we report the results of the first paired CNV analysis in siblings discordant for Familial Parkinson's Disease. Validation and frequency determination of rare and novel CNVs identified in larger familial PD cohorts may reveal novel PD risk genes. The metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathway deserves further functional and translational studies in familial Parkinson's disease.Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [15-TIP-040]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This project was supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (grant number 15-TIP-040)
İyon serbestleyebilen biyoaktif dental materyallerin sitotoksisiteleri ve remineralizasyon kabiliyetlerinin araştırılması
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, alkasit ve self adeziv hibrit kompozit ile yüksek viskoziteli cam iyonomer simanın sitotoksisitesini, mineralizasyon potansiyelini, mikrosertliğini ve pH'ını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Perfüzyon sistemi dahilinde restoratif materyallerin transdentinal sitotoksisitesini değerlendirmek amacıyla odontoblast benzeri hücrelerin üç boyutlu kültürleri ve dentin kullanıldı. Hücre canlılığı MTT testi için hazırlanan restoratif materyal örnekleri kültür ortamında 24 saat bekletildi ardından insan dental pulpa hücreleri bu kültür ortamı ile 24 saat inkübe edildi. Alkalin fosfataz testi hazırlanan restorasyon materyallerinin insan dental pulpa hücreleri ile 3, 7, 14 günlük inkübasyon sürelerinden sonra gerçekleştirildi. Benzer olarak alizarin red boyama ise 14 ve 21 günlük inkübasyonundan sonra gerçekleştirildi. Her iki test yönteminin de uygulanmasından önce restorasyon materyallerinin hücrelerle indirekt teması Transwell tekniği ile gerçekleştirildi. Tüm test yöntemleri protokollerine uygun olarak spektrofotometrik analiz kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Test örneklerinin 0, 1, 3, 7, 14 ve 21. günlerde kültür ortamında bekletildikten sonra Vickers mikrosertlik değerlerinin tespit edildi. Aynı örneklerin 1,3 ve 7. günlerde kültür ortamında oluşturduğu pH değişimi izlendi. Bulgular: Tüm materyallerin transdentinal sitotoksisite bulgularında %70’ten fazla hücre canlılığı sergiledi. Dentin bariyer testinde alkasit ve yüksek viskoziteli cam iyonomer siman negatif kontrolden farklı değildi (p>0,01). Hücre canlılığı MTT sonuçları alkasit ve yüksek viskoziteli cam iyonomer arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğunu gösterdi (p0,01). Alizarin kırmızısı boyama sonuçlarında yüksek viskoziteli cam iyonomer, 14. ve 21. günlerde kontrol grubundan daha yüksek aktiviteye sahipken (p0,01). Tüm materyallerin pH değerleri 6,9'un üzerindeydi. Restoratif materyallerin mikrosertlik ölçümleri arasındaki fark anlamlı bulundu (p0.01). Cell viability MTT results indicated a significant difference between the alkasite and the high viscosity glass ionomer (p0.01). For alizarin red staining, high viscosity glass ionomer had higher activity than the control group at 14th and 21st days (p0.01). The pH values for all materials were above 6.9. The difference among the microhardness measurements of the restoratives was significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: Dentin barrier test and cell viability MTT cytotoxicity test results do not seem well-matched with each other. Self adhesive hybrid composite had moderate cytotoxicity in the dentin barrier test. The crystallisation potential of the high viscosity glass ionomer appears to be higher than the others. Microhardness measurements did not point out the material detoriation
Effect of Promoter Region Polymorphisms in the IP-10 Gene on HBsAg Loss in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
No full textBackground: Although vaccination programs have significantly reduced the incidence of hepatitis B, chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a major contributor to liver-related morbidity and mortality. Among available therapeutic outcomes, the clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is considered the most favorable endpoint. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate genetic variations in the promoter region of the interferon gamma (IFN-?)-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) gene — an important chemokine involved in inflammatory responses — which may play a role in the loss of HBsAg during chronic HBV infection. Methods: This research was designed as a single-center case-control study. The study included 60 patients with documented HBsAg loss, retrospectively identified from a cohort of 1,950 chronic hepatitis B patients who were followed at the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology outpatient clinic of Cukurova University Hospital between 2005 and 2022. A control group of 60 patients who remained HBsAg positive was also included. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted to analyze IP-10 gene polymorphisms. The target gene region was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by Sanger sequencing. Based on data from the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database and published literature, three variants located within the IP-10 promoter, exon 1, intron 1, and exon 2 regions were selected for analysis. The resulting sequence data (in .ab1 format) were analyzed using the CLC Genomics Workbench 24 software. Results: Between 2005 and 2022, the rate of HBsAg loss was calculated as 5.33%. The average age at which HBsAg loss occurred was 53.2 ± 11.3 years, and 85% of the individuals experienced this loss after the age of 40. When comparing the case and control groups, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of gender, current age, age at diagnosis, Body Mass Index, alcohol use, or smoking habits (P > 0.05). Three polymorphisms — c.-135C>T (rs56061981), c.85C>T (rs11548618), and c.83T>G — were detected within the promoter and exon 2 regions of the IP-10 gene. Analysis of genotype and allele distributions revealed no significant differences between the two groups for any of these variants (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the c.-135C>T, c.85C>T, and c.83T>G polymorphisms within the IP-10 gene region are not associated with HBsAg loss and therefore may not serve as reliable predictive markers. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Interstitial lung disease in anti-U1RNP systemic sclerosis patients: A European Scleroderma Trials and Research analysis
No full textBackground: Interstitial lung disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis, but it is characterized by significant heterogeneity in patient outcomes. So far, little is known about the influence of anti-U1RNP antibodies on lung outcomes in systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients. Methods: European Scleroderma Trials and Research group systemic sclerosis patients with radiological-confirmed interstitial lung disease, available %predicted forced vital capacity, and autoantibody status were included. Baseline demographic and disease features were compared between anti-U1RNP positive and anti-U1RNP negative patients. Moreover, longitudinal analyses were done measuring relative change in %predicted forced vital capacity over 12 ± 6, 24 ± 6, and 36 ± 6 months, and changes were classified into stable (? 4%), mild (5%–9%), and major progression (? 10%). Predictors associated with death of any cause or major interstitial lung disease progression were evaluated in systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients with or without anti-U1RNP antibodies. Logistic regression analyses and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age and FVC were applied. Results: A total of 6043 systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients were included for the analysis, among which 327 (5.4%) were positive for anti-U1RNP antibodies. Mean age was 56.8 ± 13.2 years and 4971 (82.3%) were women. Anti-U1RNP + systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients had more frequently limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (63.5.5% vs 53.3%, p < 0.001), higher frequency of joint synovitis (18.1% vs 13.9%, p = 0.039), and myositis (24.0% vs 19.5%, p = 0.048). Anti-U1RNP + patients had a baseline lower mean forced vital capacity (82.0% vs 86.0%, p < 0.001) and lower mean %predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (57.0% vs 60.5%, p = 0.003). Periods of mild or major FVC decline and mortality rates were not statistically different between the groups. Conclusion: Systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients positive for anti-U1RNP antibodies have more impaired baseline lung function but similar trajectories of forced vital capacity changes and mortality during the first 3 years of follow-up. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Zarar verme riski bulunan hastalara yönelik hemşirelere verilen eğitimin etkisinin değerlendirilmesi
Get PDFAmaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelere yönelik "Kendine ve Başkasına Zarar Verme Riski Olan Bireye Yaklaşım Eğitimi" programının bilgi düzeyine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla tek gruplu yarı deneysel bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırma, Kemalpaşa Devlet Hastanesi'nde çalışan 71 gönüllü hemşire üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veri toplamak için Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Eğitim Programı Değerlendirme Soru Formu kullanılmıştır. Eğitim öncesi ve sonrası bilgi düzeyleri, uzman görüşlerinden geçirilmiş, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği sağlanmış 30 soruluk eğitim programı değerlendirme soru formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin eğitim öncesi bilgi düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, ancak eğitim sonrası anlamlı bir artış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Eğitim öncesi doğru yanıt oranları %2,8 ile %91,5 arasında değişirken, eğitim sonrası çoğu soruda doğru yanıt verme oranı artmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler, eğitim öncesi ve sonrası bilgi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğunu (p<0,05) ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, demografik özellikler (yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu ve çalışma şekli) ile bilgi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları, verilen eğitimin hemşirelerin bilgi düzeylerini artırmada etkili olduğunu ve sosyodemografik özelliklerden bağımsız olarak tüm katılımcılarda benzer sonuçlar elde edildiğini göstermektedir. Eğitimlerin yaygınlaştırılması ve uygulamalı çalışmalarla desteklenmesi önerilmektedir. Bu tür eğitimler, hasta güvenliğini sağlamada ve sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesini artırmada kritik bir öneme sahiptir.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the "Training on Approach to Individuals at Risk of Harming Themselves or Harming Others" program on the knowledge levels of nurses with a single-group quasi-experimental research design. Method: The research was conducted with 71 voluntary nurses working at Kemalpaşa State Hospital. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form and the Education Program Evaluation Questionnaire. Pre- and post-training program evaluation questionnaire were assessed with a 30-question knowledge test, validated and confirmed for reliability through expert review. Results: The findings revealed that nurses had low knowledge levels before the training, which significantly improved after the training. Pre-training accuracy rates ranged from 2.8% to 91.5%, while post-training, most questions reached an accuracy rate of 100%. Statistical analyses showed a significant difference between pre- and post-training knowledge levels (p<0.05). Additionally, no significant relationship was found between knowledge levels and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, education level, or work pattern. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that the training program effectively improved the knowledge levels of nurses, independent of their sociodemographic characteristics. It is recommended to expand such training programs and complement them with practical applications. These educational interventions play a vital role in enhancing patient safety and improving the quality of healthcare services
ASO Visual Abstract: Breast Cancer Recurrence in Initially Clinically Node-Positive Patients Undergoing Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the NEOSENTITURK-trials MF18-02/18-03
No full text[Abstract Not Acaileble
Transferring Information about Human Papillomavirus and Vaccine from Student to Family
No full textOBJECTIVE: Determining and increasing the awareness of midwifery students and their families about Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and vaccines (HPVV). METHODOLOGY: The study is of descriptive type. The study was conducted at Ege University Faculty of Health Sciences (EUFHS). The population consisted of all students studying in the Department of Midwifery at EUFHS and their families, and the sample consisted of voluntary participants. Data were collected between September and November 2023. Trainings were conducted face-to-face in faculty classrooms, brochures were distributed, and the questionnaire and Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale (HPV-KS) were collected online (Google Forms). The questionnaire and scale were administered twice to the students (before and after the training) and once to their families. Students were asked to educate at least one family member with the brochure. 303 pre-training (PR-T), 179 post-training (PS-T) students and 105 family members participated. Data were analyzed using a t-test, Bonferroni test, and Analysis of Variance in the SPSS 25, and significance was evaluated at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The mean HPV-KS scores of the students were calculated as PR-T 10.95 +/- 5.52 (min: 0, max: 21.0), PS-T 15.39 +/- 2.70 (min: 9.0, max: 27.0), and the difference between them was found to be statistically significant (t = 11.806; p < 0.05). It was determined that 71.3% of the students who received training provided education to their families about 'HPV and HPVV. CONCLUSION: As a result of the research, the students'knowledge level increased, and accurate and reliable information was relayed from them to their families.University Students Research Projects Support Program [2209-A]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) Scientist Support Programs Directorate (BIDEB) [1919B012223686]This research was supported by the 2209-A University Students Research Projects Support Program, carried out by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) Scientist Support Programs Directorate (BIDEB) , within the 2nd term of 2022 (Application No: 1919B012223686)
Investigation of Cytotoxic Activity of Salvia tomentosa and Methyl Carnosate-12-Methylether on Different Cancer Cell Lines
No full textThe genus Salvia, Lamiaceae, is represented by 107 taxa in Turkish flora, with 58 being endemic, and is popularly used for medicinal purposes. In this study, the effects of S. tomentosa Mill. extracts with different polarities on the proliferation rate, apoptotic death levels and migration rates of MCF-7, UPCI-SCC-131, Huh-7 cancer cells, as well as healthy A7r5 cells, were investigated for the first time. The highest inhibition of cell viability was detected with the dichloromethane extract using the WST-1 method (IC50 15.51, 15.47, 10.93 and 52.82 mu g/ml for MCF-7, UPCI-SCC-131, Huh-7 and A7r5 cell lines, respectively). An abietane-type diterpene derivative, methyl carnosate-12-methylether, was isolated from the extract and IC50 values were detected as 12.77, 21.21, 10.27 and 12.16 mu M against the same cell lines, respectively. The dichloromethane extract and methyl carnosate-12-methylether were further evaluated using DAPI staining assay and cell scratch assay. Apoptotic death was investigated morphologically, and it was observed that pyknotic death occurred in cells treated with the extract (50 mu g/ml) and methyl carnosate-12-methylether (5 mu g/ml). In addition, it was determined that the extract selectively inhibited the migration ability of cancer cell lines. The objective of this study was to determine whether S. tomentosa and methyl carnosate-12-methylether selectively exert cytotoxic and anti-migratory effects on cancer cells compared to non-cancerous cells, providing a potential candidate for future anticancer drug development.Ege niversitesi [29657]; Ege University, Office of Scientific Research ProjectsWe would like to thank Dr. Salih Gunnaz for all NMR measurements. This study was supported by Ege University, Office of Scientific Research Projects under grant number 29657
Cerrahi kliniklerde karşılanmayan hemşirelik bakım gereksinimleri ve nedenlerinin incelenmesi
No full textAmaç: Hemşirelik hizmetleri, hasta güvenliği ve bakım kalitesinin sağlanmasında kritik bir rol oynar. Ancak zaman zaman bazı hemşirelik bakım gereksinimlerinin personel yetersizliği, iş yükü ve kaynak eksikliği gibi nedenlerle karşılanamadığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu araştırma, cerrahki kliniklerde hemşirelerin karşılanmayan hemşirelik bakım gereksinimlerini ve bu durumun altında yatan nedenleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırma, 1 Mart- 30 Mayıs 2025 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin cerrahi kliniklerinde en az 6 aydır çalışan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 213 hemşire ile yürütüldü. Araştırma verileri, Hemşire Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve Karşılanmayan Hemşirelik Bakımı Ölçeği ile araştırmacı tarafından hemşireler ile yüzyüze görüşülerek toplandı. Çalışma öncesi etik kurul onayı ve hemşirelerden yazılı onam alındı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 22 programı kullanıldı; tanımlayıcı istatistikler olarak sayı, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma hesaplandı. Ölçek puanlarının normal dağılıma uygunluğu Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda ise bağımsız gruplar t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve uygun durumlarda post-hoc testleri uygulandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %78,9’u kadındır ve %54,2’si 26–30 yaş aralığındadır. Katılımcıların Karşılanmayan Hemşirelik Bakım Gereksinimleri Ölçeği genel puan ortalaması 3,23 ± 0,31 olarak belirlendi. Alt boyutlardan iş gücü kaynakları puan ortalaması 3,49 ± 0,42, materyal kaynakları 1,74 ± 0,26, iletişim ise 1,61 ± 0,40 olarak bulundu. Genel neden puan ortalaması 2,15 ± 0,22’dir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma süresi, vardiya tipi, haftalık çalışma süresi, fazla mesai süresi, birimdeki hasta ve hemşire sayısı, bakım süresi, bakım için ayrılan zaman, enfeksiyon ve mortalite oranları gibi değişkenlere göre ölçek puanlarında anlamlı farklar saptandı (p<0,05). Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda hemşirelerin bazı hemşirelik bakım gereksinimlerini karşılamada zorlandığı belirlendi. Özellikle personel yetersizliği, fazla mesai süresi, yüksek hasta sayısı ve iş yükü gibi faktörler karşılanamayan bakım gereksinimlerini artırmaktadır. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma süresi ve kurumsal faktörler de bakım uygulamalarını etkilemektedir. Bakım kalitesini artırmak için hemşire sayısının artırılması, iş yükünün dengelenmesi ve uygun çalışma koşullarının sağlanması önerilmektedir.Objective: Nursing services play a critical role in ensuring patient safety and the quality of care provided. However, it has been observed that some nursing care requirements sometimes go unmet due to factors such as staff shortages, heavy workloads and a lack of resources. This study aims to identify these unmet requirements and the reasons behind them. Method: A descriptive study was conducted with 213 nurses working in surgical clinics at a university hospital who had volunteered to participate in the study between 1 February and 30 April 2025 and had been working in their current role for at least six months. The researcher collected research data through face-to-face interviews with nurses using the Nurse Descriptive Characteristics Form and the Unmet Nursing Care Needs Scale. Ethical committee approval and written consent from the nurses were obtained prior to the study. The SPSS 22 programme was used to analyse the data, and descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated. The normality of the scale scores was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Independent groups t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests, where appropriate, were used for intergroup comparisons. Findings: Of the nurses participating in the study, 78.9% were female and 54.2% were aged between 26 and 30. The mean overall score for the Unmet Nursing Care Needs Scale was 3.23 ± 0.31. The mean subscale scores were 3.49 ± 0.42 for human resources, 1.74 ± 0.26 for material resources and 1.61 ± 0.40 for communication. The average overall reason score was 2.15 ± 0.22. Significant differences in scale scores were found according to variables such as age, educational level, length of service, shift type, weekly working hours, overtime hours, the number of patients and nurses in the unit, care duration, time allocated for care, and infection and mortality rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study found that nurses struggle to meet certain nursing care requirements. Factors such as staff shortages, overtime, high patient numbers and workload particularly increase the number of unmet requirements. Age, education level, length of service and organisational factors also affect care practices. In order to improve the quality of care, it is recommended that the number of nurses is increased, the workload is balanced, and appropriate working conditions are provided