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Investigation of thorium(IV) removal utilizing reduced graphene oxide-zinc oxide nanofibers via response surface methodology
No full textThis study examines the removal of Th(IV) ions from aqueous solutions using reduced graphene oxide-zinc oxide (rGO-ZnO) nanofibers synthesized via electrospinning. The nanofibers were characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR, XPS, and zeta potential measurements. Response surface methodology optimized adsorption parameters, including pH, temperature, Th(IV) concentration, and adsorbent dosage. The Freundlich isotherm indicated heterogeneous adsorption, and thermodynamic analysis revealed an endothermic process with enhanced efficiency at higher temperatures. The maximum adsorption capacity was 99.73 mg/g, demonstrating the high performance of rGO-ZnO nanofibers. Competitive adsorption studies demonstrated high selectivity for Th(IV), demonstrating the potential of rGO-ZnO nanofibers for radioactive wastewater treatment.Ege niversitesi [23492]; Ege University Scientific Research ProjectsThis work was financially supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Projects (Grant No. 23492)
Compatibility Between HPEG Type PCEs With Various Anionic Charge Densities and Portland Cements With Different C3A Contents
No full textThis study focused on the compatibility of phosphate and sulfonate-substituted polycarboxylate ether-based water-reducing admixtures (PCE) exhibiting different anionic charge densities with Portland cements having different C3A contents. For this purpose, the effects of synthesized PCEs on the fresh, rheological, and hardened state properties of the paste and mortar mixtures were investigated. According to the results, anionic charge density greatly affected the performance of PCE. In terms of the investigated parameters, the best performance was obtained with a high anionic charge density PCE containing 5% sulfonate anionic group. It was also observed that the positive effect of increasing the charge density of the phosphate anionic group was less efficient compared to the other studied PCEs. In addition, the effectiveness of anionic charge density was found to be largely PCE dosage dependent. Increasing the cement C3A content to 9% caused cement-PCE incompatibility. In addition, the PCE anionic charge density change had variable effects on the paste and mortar mixtures in terms of fresh state and rheological properties.Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu; [219M425]This work was supported by Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (219M425)
Clinical significance of urotensin 2 plasma level in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer.
No full textAmerican-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology: Genitourinary Cancers Symposium -- FEB 13-15, 2025 -- San Francisco, CA[Abstract Not Acaileble]Amer Soc Clinical Onco
Ağız kanseri hücrelerinin ayrıştırılmasında manyetik levitasyon yönteminin ex vivo olarak değerlendirilmesi
No full textAmaç: Baş-boyun bölgesinde en sık görülen kanser türlerinden birisi olan oral skuamöz hücreli karsinom, oral ve fasiyal yapılarda ağır hasarlar bırakarak hastaların yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen bir hastalıktır. Bu nedenle hastalığın erken evrede tanılanması çok önemlidir. Bu amaçla geliştirilen yardımcı tanı yöntemlerinin, malignite riski taşıyan lezyonları ayırt etmedeki yetersizlikleri, sensitivite ve spesifitelerinin çok geniş bir aralıkta değişmesi ve enflamatuvar lezyonlarla malign lezyonları karıştırmaları nedeniyle primer sağlık hizmeti veren yerlerde kullanılmaları henüz önerilmemektedir. Günümüzde hücrelerin yoğunluk farklılıklarını kullanarak hücre hatlarında kanser hücrelerini ayrıştırmayı başaran manyetik levitasyon yöntemi çeşitli biyo-sistemlerin güvenilir, gerçek-zamanlı gözlemi ve ayrıştırılması için kullanılabilecek, güvenilir, hasta başında uygulanabilecek ve taşınabilir bir yöntem olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; oral lezyonlardan elde edilen hücrelerin yoğunluk farklılıklarına dayalı olarak, benign ve malign lezyonları ayırt edebilen bir manyetik levitasyon sisteminin tasarlanması ve bu sistemin etkinliğinin in vitro ve ex vivo koşullarda, fırça biyopsisi ve doku biyopsisi ile elde edilen hücreler kullanılarak değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, manyetik levitasyon tanı cihazı (MagCELL), mühendislik tasarımı yaklaşımları kullanılarak bilgisayar ortamında dizayn edilmiştir. Sistemde, anti-Helmholtz konfigürasyonunda, yatay olarak yerleştirilen 63×12×3 mm boyutlarında iki mıknatıs ve büyütücü lense sahip kamera, iki eksenli hareketli platforma entegre edilmiştir. Numunelerin optimal aydınlatmasını sağlamak için değişken odaklı bir ışık kaynağı kullanılmıştır. Optik gözlemler, manyetik alanın homojenliğinin en yüksek olduğu, mıknatısların merkezi bölgesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemde paramanyetik solüsyon olarak Gadovist kullanılmıştır. Sistemin kalibrasyonu, yoğunluğu bilinen mikro küreler kullanarak inorganik malzeme ile ve yine yoğunluğu bilinen maya (Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) hücreleri ile yapılmıştır. Daha sonra ticari olarak satın alınan insan hücre hatları (normal ve kanserli) kullanılarak yapılan, in vitro yoğunluk ölçüm testleri ile sistemin hücreleri başarıyla ayrıştırabildiği doğrulanmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen olgulardan fırça ve doku biyopsisi ile elde edilen hücreler sisteme aktarılarak, hücrelerin manyetik alan içerisinde, yoğunluk farklılıklarına göre belirli yüksekliklerde konumlanması sağlanmıştır. Deneysel veriler, hücrelerin levitasyon yükseklikleri temel alınarak değerlendirilmiş ve hücre yoğunlukları istatistiksel analizlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada kullanılan fırça biyopsisi yöntemiyle alınan hücrelerin manyetik levitasyon sistemiyle analizinde, kanserli hücrelerin yoğunluk değerlerinin 1,152-1,254 g/mL arasında değiştiği, sağlıklı hücrelerin ise 1,174-1,240 g/mL aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, doku örneklerinden elde edilen hücrelerde kanserli hücrelerin yoğunluğu 1,177-1,237 g/mL, sağlıklı hücrelerin yoğunluğu ise 1,174-1,238 g/mL arasında ölçülmüştür. OSHK lezyonlarından alınan doku biyopsisi hücrelerinin yoğunluğu tüm doku örnekleri arasında en yüksek yoğunluğa sahip hücrelerdir. Tüm doku ve fırça örneklerinde OSHK, displazi ve benign hücrelerin yoğunlukları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Bulgular, manyetik levitasyonun hem doku hem de fırça örneklerinde hücresel düzeyde hassas bir şekilde ayrıştırma yapabildiğini göstermektedir (p<0,0001). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, manyetik levitasyon yönteminin kanser tanısında kullanım potansiyelini değerlendiren özgün bir araştırma olarak literatüre değerli katkılar sunmaktadır. Geliştirilen sistem, ağız kanseri tanısında kanserli ve sağlıklı hücrelerin ayrımını hücre yoğunluklarına dayalı olarak gerçekleştirmiş ve bu yöntem hem hücre hatları hem de gerçek hasta örnekleri üzerinde kapsamlı bir şekilde test edilmiştir. Araştırmada, manyetik yoğunluk sınıflandırma sistemi (MYSS), spektrometre, sınıflandırma yazılımı ve cihazın yapısal bütünlüğünü oluşturan MagCELL cihazı, mühendislik tasarımı yaklaşımlarıyla modellenmiş ve hızlı prototipleme yöntemleriyle üretilmiştir. Bu sistemin taşıdığı yenilikçi özellikler ve elde edilen sonuçlar, kanser biyolojisi ve tanısında yeni ufuklar açabilecek niteliktedir.Objective: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common types of cancer in the head and neck region, significantly impacts the quality of life by causing severe damage to oral and facial structures. Therefore, early detection of this disease is crucial. However, the limitations of adjunct diagnostic methods developed for distinguishing lesions with malignancy risk vary widely in sensitivity and specificity, often confusing inflammatory lesions with malignant ones, thereby not yet recommended for use in primary healthcare settings. Currently, magnetic levitation, which discriminates cancer cells from healthy ones in cell lines based on density differences, emerges as a promising method for reliable, real-time observation and separation within various biosystems. It is portable and can be applied at the bedside. This study aims to design a magnetic levitation system capable of distinguishing benign and malignant lesions based on density differences of cells obtained from oral lesions. The effectiveness of this system will be evaluated under in vitro and ex vivo conditions using cells obtained from brush biopsies and tissue biopsies. Materials and Methods: In the initial phase of the study, the magnetic levitation diagnostic device (MagCELL) was designed using engineering design approaches in a computer environment. The system integrates two magnets (63×12×3 mm each) arranged horizontally in an anti-Helmholtz configuration and a magnifying lens attached to a two-axis movable platform. A variable-focus light source was used for optimal sample illumination. Optical observations were conducted at the central region of the magnets where the magnetic field homogeneity is highest. Gadovist was employed as the paramagnetic solution in the system. Calibration involved using microspheres with known densities and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells with known densities. Subsequent in vitro density measurement tests using commercially available human cell lines (normal and cancerous) confirmed the system's ability to successfully segregate cells based on density. Cells obtained from brush and tissue biopsies from study participants were transferred to the system, where cells were positioned at specific heights within the magnetic field based on density differences. Experimental data were evaluated based on levitation heights of cells and compared using statistical analysis of cell densities. Results: Analysis using the magnetic levitation system showed that cells obtained through brush biopsies had cancerous cell density values ranging from 1,152 to 1,254 g/mL, while healthy cells ranged from 1,174 to 1,240 g/mL. Similarly, cells obtained from tissue samples exhibited cancerous cell densities of 1,177 to 1,237 g/mL and healthy cell densities of 1,174 to 1,238 g/mL. Biopsy cells from OSCC lesions had the highest density among all tissue samples. Statistically significant differences (p<0,05) in cell densities were found among OSCC, dysplasia, and benign cells in all tissue and brush samples. These findings demonstrate that magnetic levitation can effectively discriminate cells at a cellular level in both tissue and brush samples (p<0,0001). Conclusion: This study provides valuable contributions to the literature by evaluating the potential use of magnetic levitation in cancer diagnosis. The developed system successfully differentiated cancerous and healthy cells in oral cancer diagnosis based on cell densities, extensively tested on both cell lines and real patient samples. The Magnetic Density Classification System (MYSS), spectrometer, classification software, and the structural integrity of the MagCELL device were modeled using engineering design approaches and produced through rapid prototyping methods. The innovative features of this system and the results obtained could open new avenues in cancer biology and diagnosis
The relationship between self-transcendence and acceptance of illness levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study
No full textThis study examines the relationship between self-transcendence and acceptance of illness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and explores how pathophysiological and psychological factors influence acceptance of illness. A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 480 COPD patients hospitalized due to exacerbations. Data were collected using the Self-Transcendence Scale (STS) and Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), along with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of acceptance of illness. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The participants had a mean age of 71.67 +/- 5.93, with 90.6% aged 65 or older. Regarding disease severity, most participants were in advanced stages, with 68.1% in GOLD Stage III and 17.3% in Stage IV, while 61.9% reported severe dyspnea (mMRC score of 3). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that STS positively predicted AIS (B = 0.266, p < 0.001), whereas being in GOLD Stage IV (B = -3.315, p < 0.001) and experiencing greater dyspnea severity (B = -1.312, p < 0.001) were significant negative predictors. These three variables collectively explained 36.1% of the variance in AIS (Adjusted R-2 = 0.361, p < 0.001). Self-transcendence is crucial for improving illness acceptance in COPD patients, while advanced disease stage and severe dyspnea pose challenges. Psychological support that fosters self-transcendence should be integrated into COPD management to enhance quality of life and coping abilities.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). The author(s) received no financial support for the research
Improved Mechanical and Physical Properties of Epoxy Acrylate Oligomers by Chemical Modification for the Effective Encapsulation of the Triple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells
No full textThis study modifies epoxy acrylate to enhance its mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties, such as hardness, flexibility, gloss, adhesion, and water/oxygen resistance. Adipic acid (AdAc) and 3-aminotriethoxysilane (ATES) were incorporated into the epoxy acrylate structure, and the resulting oligomers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Thermal analysis showed that AdAc-modified epoxy acrylate oligomer-3 (AdAc-MO3) (1.70% AdAc) had a lower glass transition temperature (T g) of 48.2 degrees C, improving flexibility, while ATES-modified epoxy acrylate oligomer-5 (ATES-MO5) (1.70% ATES) exhibited a higher T g of 56 degrees C, enhancing thermal stability. AdAc-MO3 achieved excellent mechanical and barrier performance, with a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 7.46 g/m2day and an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of 5.10 g/m2day. Mechanical tests confirmed that AdAc-MO3 balanced hardness and flexibility, passing adhesion and conical mandrel tests without deformation. The encapsulants were tested on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an FTO/Li-TiO2/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au configuration. After 48 h of stability testing under 60% humidity, 25 degrees C, and a light intensity of 100 mW/cm2, AdAc-MO3 retained 26.8% of its initial power conversion efficiency (PCE), compared to 20.5% for the control device. ATES-MO3 retained 56.1% of its initial PCE, outperforming both the control and AdAc-MO3, but its higher cross-linking density reduced adhesion and flexibility, limiting its use in certain encapsulation applications. Visible light curing further improved stability, reducing efficiency loss to 8% compared to 16% with UV curing. These results demonstrate that AdAc-MO3 is a promising encapsulant for PSCs, combining enhanced properties and stability under realistic conditions.T?rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu [2016K12-2841]; Presidency of the Turkish Republic Department of Strategy and Budget [118C565]; TUBITAK-BIDEB 2218 ProgramThe authors acknowledge Presidency of the Turkish Republic Department of Strategy and Budget for the financial support Project Grant Nr: 2016K12-2841. They also acknowledge TUBITAK-BIDEB 2218 Program for financial support of Sirin Siyahjani GULTEKIN with Grant Nr.: 118C565
Yapay zekâ tabanlı yatırım öneri araçlarının bireysel yatırım kararları üzerindeki etkisi
Get PDFFinansal hizmetlerin dijitalleşmesiyle bol seçenekli, karmaşık ve volatil finans dünyasında, bireysel yatırım süreçlerinde karar almak her geçen gün zorlaşmaktadır. Bu süreçte hızla evrilen teknoloji, özellikle de yapay zekâ uygulamaları, bireysel yatırımcılar için vazgeçilmez bir destek aracı olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Yapay zekâ tabanlı yatırım araçlarının (robo-danışmanlar, algoritmik platformlar vb.) yaygınlaşması, bireysel yatırımcıların karar alma süreçlerinde bu araçlara yönelik tutumlarını, nasıl etkilendikleri ve kullanma eğilim düzeyleri sorularını gündeme getirmektedir. Bu araştırma, söz konusu etkileşimi derinlemesine inceleyerek, bireysel yatırımcıların karar almada yapay zekâyı kabul ve kullanım eğilimlerine ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır. Nicel araştırma yöntemiyle yürütülen çalışma, teknoloji kabulünü temel alan UTAUT 2 (Birleştirilmiş Teknoloji Kabul ve Kullanım II) modeliyle kurgulanmış; mevcut modelde finansal okuryazarlık, yapay zekâ okuryazarlığı ve risk alma eğilimi gibi değişkenlerin etkisi de test edilmiştir. Türkiye'de 18-65 yaş aralığında, bireysel yatırımcı kategorisindeki tüm bireyler araştırma evreninin içinde yer almaktadır. Dijital kanallar kullanılarak anket tekniği ile veri toplama süreci yürütülmüş, analizler SPSS ve SmartPLS programları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, bireysel yatırımcıların yapay zekâ destekli yatırım araçlarını veri temelli karar alma sürecinde kullanma eğiliminde oldukları ortaya koymuştur. Bununla beraber yapay zekâ ile bireysel yatırım kullanım kararında alışkanlıkların, performans beklentisi, deneyimin pozitif ve risk alma eğiliminin negatif etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Finansal okuryazarlık ve yapay zekâ okuryazarlığının ise yapay zekâ destekli yatırım araçlarını kullanma üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir. Tez çalışması sonucunda yatırımcıların yapay zekâ destekli yatırım araçlarını kullanım becerilerinin geliştirilmesi ve pozitif yönde tutumların şekillenebilmesi amacıyla öneriler sunulmuştur. Ek olarak finans literatüründe UTAUT 2 modeline finans ve yapay zeka okuryazarlık algısı boyutlarını uyarlayan ilk çalışmalardan biri olması itibariyle bu konuda çalışacak araştırmacılara yol gösterici niteliktedir.In the complex and volatile financial world, where financial services are abundant with options and increasingly digital, making decisions about individual investments is becoming increasingly difficult. In this process, rapidly evolving technology, particularly artificial intelligence apps, stands out as an indispensable support tool for individual investors. The proliferation of artificial intelligence -based investment tools (robo-advisors, algorithmic platforms, etc.) raises questions about individual investors' attitudes toward these tools in their decision-making processes, how they are influenced, and their propensity to use them. This research aims to shed light on individual investors' acceptance and use of artificial intelligence in decision-making by examining this interaction in depth. The study, conducted using quantitative research methods, was designed based on the UTAUT 2 (Unified Technology Acceptance and Use II) model, which focuses on technology acceptance. the model also tested the impact of variables such as financial literacy, artificial intelligence literacy, and risk-taking propensity. The research population included all individuals in the individual investor category between the ages of 18 and 65 in Turkey. Data collection was conducted using survey techniques using digital channels, and analyses were conducted using SPSS and SmartPLS programs. The research findings revealed that individual investors tend to use artificial intelligence - supported investment tools in data-based decision-making. However, habits, performance expectations, and experience appear to have positive effects, while risk propensity has a negative effect on individual investment with artificial intelligence using. However, financial literacy and AI literacy were not found to have any impact on the use of artificial intelligence -supported investment tools. At the conclusion of the thesis, recommendations were made with the aim of improving investors' ability to use AI-supported investment tools and shaping positive attitudes. Additionally, as one of the first studies to adapt the UTAUT 2 model to the dimensions of finance and AI literacy perception in the finance literature, it is a guide for researchers working on this subject
Impact of Yeast Types on Quality Characteristics and Storage Stability of Industrial Kefir
No full textKefir is a fermented dairy product that contains many types of lactic acid bacteria and different types of yeast. Yeasts in kefir culture are important in creating the unique properties of kefir. When yeasts are not included in kefir production, the unique properties of kefir do not emerge. In this study, the effects of various yeast microorganisms that can cause negative effects, such as swelling and deformation, in industrial kefir production on product quality characteristics were investigated. For this purpose, a commercial yeast-free kefir culture was supplemented with selected yeasts: Kluyveromyces marxianus (KM), Debaryomyces hansenii (DH), Kluyveromyces lactis (KL), Saccharomyces boulardii (SB), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), Candida colliculosa (CC), Yarrowia lipolytica (YL), and Geotrichum candidum (GC) used in kefir production. Some physicochemical, rheological, microbiological, and sensory properties of the kefirs were examined during 28 days of storage. As a result of the research, the highest hardness and viscosity values (131.00 +/- 1.41 g-1236.50 +/- 47.38 cp) were observed in kefirs containing G. candidum, while the highest CO2 amount (151.40 +/- 1.07 mg/100 mL) was determined in kefirs containing S. cerevisiae (p < 0.05). While serum separation was not determined in any sample, the highest water holding capacity (58.00% +/- 00%) was determined in kefirs containing Y. lipolytica. In terms of sensory evaluation, kefir enriched with C. colliculosa received the highest overall acceptance. In general, the use of different yeast types in kefir production is of great importance, especially in terms of gas-carbon dioxide (CO2) formation and product quality.Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship; [FGA-2020-21581]This research was supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship (Project No: FGA-2020-21581)
Naphthyl-Substituted Ruthenium(II)–Arene Complexes: Exploring the Impact of Binding Modes on Cytotoxicity in Cancer and Normal Cell Lines
No full textThis study investigated the cytotoxic properties of three naphthyl-substituted ruthenium(II)–arene complexes (Ru1, Ru2, and Ru3) against various cancer cell lines (MCF-7, Caco-2, and HepG2) and a healthy cell line (Vero). Herein, we report the novel synthesis and characterization of Ru3 for the first time. The complexes were fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR spectroscopies, and their interactions with DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were evaluated. Binding constant (Kb) determinations revealed values of 2.95 × 104 M?1, 2.27 × 104 M?1, and 3.70 × 104 M?1 for Ru1, Ru2, and Ru3 with FS-DNA, respectively, while Ru2 exhibited a significantly higher binding constant of 0.86 × 105 M?1 with BSA, indicating a favorable binding interaction. Molecular docking of Ru3 was performed against BSA, EGFR wild type (EGFRWT), and mutant EGFRT790M. Ru3 exhibited docking scores of ?178.827, ?204.437, and ?176.946 kJ/mol with BSA, EGFRWT, and EGFRT790M, respectively. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that Ru1-3 exhibited superior activity against MCF-7 and Caco-2 cells compared to HepG2 cells. Following a 24-h exposure, Ru2 exhibited an IC50 of 1.39 ?g/mL against the Caco-2 cell line. Morphological analysis suggested that all complexes induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Notably, Ru2 demonstrated minimal activity against Vero cells, indicating selectivity. Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed to investigate intermolecular interactions within the crystal structures of the complexes, providing insights into their molecular shapes and potential for interactions with other molecules. In conclusion, this study highlights the promising potential of naphthyl-substituted ruthenium(II) complexes as anticancer agents. Their selective cytotoxicity and ability to induce apoptosis warrant further investigation for the development of novel cancer therapies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Jane Jacobs and the Death and Life of Great American Cities: A Content Analysis
No full textAvrupa ve ABD’deki şehirci, planlamacı ve entelektüel çevreler, 1950’lere kadar modern kentleşmenin nasıl şekillendiği konusunda derin bir endişe duymuş ve geleceğe dair belirsizlikler yaşamışlardır. Bu endişeleri ve belirsizlikleri ortadan kaldırmak için şehrin çevresinde banliyöler ve bahçekentler inşa edilmesi, kent içinde kalmış çöküntü alanlarının dönüştürme düşüncesi ortaya çıkmıştır. Zamanla bu düşünce şehircilikte ana paradigma haline gelmiştir. Gazeteci ve yazar Jane Jacobs, söz konusu modernist planlama anlayışlarına ağır eleştiriler getirmiştir. Şehirlerin sadece basit istatiksel ve matematiksel hesaplamalara göre planlanamayacağını, insan faktörünün göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğini savunmuştur. Bu çalışmada Jacobs’un, modern kent planlamalarına yönelttiği eleştiriler ve sunduğu çözüm önerileri tartışılmıştır. Çalışmada temel kaynak olarak yazarın “Büyük Amerikan Şehirlerinin Ölümü ve Yaşamı” isimli eseri kullanılmıştır. Eser, “kentsel canlılık”, “kentsel çeşitlik”, “kentsel canlılık için gerekli şartlar” ve “şehir içi mekânsal kullanımları” temaları çerçevesinde bir içerik analizi yapılmış, bu temalara ilişkin alt kodlar belirlenmiştir. Eserde geçen sözel ifadeleri kodlamak ve görselleştirmek için MAXQDA programı ile kelime bulutu, kavram haritaları ve belge portresi oluşturulmuştur. Jacobs’un kentsel çeşitlilik ve canlılık için belirlediği ilkeler, Ne? Nasıl? ve Neden? soruları çerçevesinde çözümlenmiştir. Yazarın kentsel canlılık, kentsel çeşitlilik, yoğunluk ve sokaktaki gözler gibi temel kavramları irdelenmiş, çalışmanın sonunda Jacobs’a yöneltilen eleştiriler değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Jacobs’un eserinde insan ve mekân etkileşiminin ön plana çıktığı ve insanı önceleyen şehircilik fikrini destekleyen kavramların baskın olduğu anlaşılmıştır.Until the 1950s, urbanists, planners, and intellectuals in Europe and the United States were deeply concerned about how modern urbanization was unfolding and were uncertain about the future. In order to alleviate these concerns and uncertainties, the idea of building suburbs and garden cities on the periphery of cities, while transforming the slums within urban areas, emerged. Over time, this idea became the main paradigm in urbanism. Journalist and writer Jane Jacobs heavily criticized these modernist planning approaches. She argued that cities cannot be planned solely according to simple statistical and mathematical principles; the human factor must also be considered. In this study, Jacobs' criticisms of modern urban planning and her proposed solutions are discussed. The author’s work, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, is used as the primary source for the study. A content analysis of the book was conducted within the framework of the themes of “urban vitality”, “urban diversity”, “necessary conditions for urban vitality” and “urban land uses”, and sub-codes related to these themes were determined. Word clouds, concept maps and document portraits were created with the MAXQDA program to code and visualize the written expressions in the book. The principles she identified for urban diversity and vitality are analysed within the framework of the questions: What? How? and Why? The author's key concepts, such as urban vitality, urban diversity, density, and “eyes on the street” are analysed, and criticisms against Jacobs are evaluated at the end of the study. As a result of the analysis, it has been understood that the interaction of human and space comes to the forefront in Jacobs' book and the concepts that support the idea of urbanism that prioritizes human beings are dominant.Destekleyen kurum yoktur