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The traceability of Eucalyptus clones using molecular markers.
No full textABSTRACT.- The improvement of Eucalyptus clones plays a crucial role in modern silviculture. This study used a set of 17 microsatellite loci to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of 107 elite clones (80 E. grandis and 27 E. globulus). All clones were cultivated in Uruguay and were sourced from three different providers. Using the fingerprinting technique, an exclusive molecular profile was assigned for each clone, and the genotyping reaction showed differences between the two species. The cumulative probability of identifying two random individuals that share the same genotype (???? ) with all 17 loci, was estimated as low for E. grandis (1.18×10-15) and E. globulus (4.03×10-14). The combined PIsibs was (1.05×10-5) and (2.17×10-5) for E. grandis and E. globulus, respectively. A total of 180 alleles were detected for E. grandis and 100 for E. globulus. We found a high mean number of alleles per locus (10 for E. grandis and 6 for E. globulus), and the results for mean polymorphic information content ( PIC ) were (0.648) and (0.548), respectively. The observed heterozygosity ( Ho ) ranged from 0.216 to 0.838 (mean = 0.509) for E. grandis and 0 to 1 (mean = 0.566) for E. globulus. Two core sets of seven EST-SSR loci were identified for each species. These markers revealed unambiguous fragment amplification, providing a minimum number of SSRs for effective clonal identification. The genetic structure analysis suggests that the germplasm of the E. grandis population is structured in four clusters, while the E. globulus population consists of two clusters.© 2020 Diego Torres-Dini et al., published by Sciend
Emisiones de óxido nitroso de los parches de orina bovina: cuantificación y alternativas de mitigación.
No full textEste artículo presenta resultados de un trabajo que busca comprender qué sucede con el nitrógeno que llega al suelo en cada micción de orina bovina, cuantificar las emisiones de óxido nitroso provenientes de esa orina en nuestras condiciones de suelo y ambiente, y evaluar el efecto potencial de un inhibidor como la DCD sobre los procesos del nitrógeno y las emisiones
¿Qué esperamos observar en un Campo Natural diferido, sobre el que realizamos suplementación energético-proteica invernal a vacunos en crecimiento?.
No full textPonerle la lupa a la dinámica de pastoreo sobre campo natural diferido en invierno con vacunos bajo esquema de suplementación energético-proteica,nos ayudó a comprender cuándo se comienzan a dar los fenómenos de sustitución de forraje por suplemento, lo que impacta en la eficiencia de lapráctica. A su vez, confirmamos la relevancia de la estructura del campo natural (específicamente la altura, en este caso) a la hora de apuntar a unconsumo adecuado de forraje para lograr los objetivos productivos deseados
The impact of sensory attributes of mandarins on consumer perception and preferences.
No full textABSTRACT.- Although the sensory characterization of mandarins has usually been performed by trained assessors, in recent years, the methodologies that depict sensory descriptions from the perception of consumers, such as the check-all-that-apply (CATA) questionnaires have become very popular. In this work, an exploratory study was first carried out using a focus group (FG) technique to determine attributes and aspects that influence the decision to purchase mandarins. Secondly, the consumer panel recruited 100 regular mandarin consumers that were randomly divided into two groups. Group "A" received segments of 15 mandarins. Group "B", instead of receiving the same mandarins in segments, they received them as a whole fruit having to peel them by themselves. Both groups evaluated the total acceptability with a 9-point hedonic scale and answered a CATA questionnaire composed of 38 terms for Group "A" and 52 terms for Group "B". Although the consumers in the FG described an "ideal? mandarin as easy-to-peel, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found in the acceptability between groups "A" and "B". Characteristics such as sweet, very sweet, fresh smell, sweet smell, bright, fruity taste, fresh flavor, typical flavor, balanced taste and nice flavor were strongly and positively correlated with overall consumers? acceptance. These descriptors could be considered the sensory drivers of the liking of mandarins. © 202
El cultivar de papa 'INIA Kiyú' (IR038).
No full text'INIA Kiyú' es un cultivar de "papa rosada" para consumo en fresco. Es especialmente recomendado para producción en ciclos largos (140 a 150 días), donde puede expresar su alto potencial productivo bajo diferentes ambientes. Presenta tubérculos de excelente calidad comercial, de forma oval, piel gruesa de color rojo intenso y pulpa amarilla-clara. Posee resistencia extrema al virus del mosaico severo (PVY) y ha mostrado comportamiento favorable en ambientes con alta presión de sarna común
Transference of passive immunity and growth in dairy calves born to dams with high or low somatic cell counts at dry-off and fed colostrum from cows with high or low somatic cell counts at dry-off.
No full textABSTRACT.- The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the transference of passive immunity (TPI) and growth achieved by calves born to dams with low or high SCC at dry-off and fed with colostrum from cows with low or high SCC at dry-off. Forty multiparous (3.2 lactations; SD = 1.1), dry, and pregnant Holstein cows were used. © 2025 American Dairy Science Associatio
Aplicación de algoritmos de aprendizaje y "gemelos digitales" en la toma de decisiones en sistemas agropecuarios: el caso de la productividad forrajera del campo natural.
No full textEl campo natural es un ecosistema clave en Uruguay desde un punto de vista productivo y ambiental. La sostenibilidad ambiental, económica y social de los sistemas ganaderos basados en pastizales naturales depende de su adecuada gestión. Disponer de herramientas que anticipen la disponibilidad forrajera mejora la planificación. Este artículo presenta un enfoque innovador para la prospección de la oferta forrajera del campo natural a través de la modelización híbrida, una fusión de métodos paramétricos y aprendizaje automático, y la generación de "gemelos digitales"
A simple and inexpensive procedure to more quickly obtain new varieties in soybean.
No full textABSTRACT - Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the four most important crops in the world. The creation of new commercial varieties is a long-term activity that requires from seven to eight years from the beginning of the cross design up to registration for commercialization of cultivars. Rapid generation advance (RGA) is a technique that consists of controlling external factors that affect plant growth with the aim of shortening the sowing to harvest cycle. In the present study, an optimized method is described that can accelerate soybean breeding by means of RGA using inexpensive facilities and that can be easily applied by breeders. Our breeding method uses a modified cold storage chamber fitted with fluorescent lamps delivering a 12/24 h light photoperiod, while temperature is set at 24 °C. This method allows development of up to 5 generations per year instead of the 1-2 generations currently possible under field or greenhouse conditions. © 2022, Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding. All rights reserved
Absorción de nitrógeno y potasio por el cultivo de tomate en invernáculo.
No full textEn este artículo se presentan las curvas de absorción de nitrógeno y potasio para el cultivo de tomate en invernáculo para el ciclo de otoño y primavera. De esta forma, se aporta información valiosa como insumo para el diseño e implementación de planes de fertirrigación
Comparative analysis of soybean transcriptional profiles reveals defense mechanisms involved in resistance against Diaporthe caulivora.
No full textABSTRACT.- Soybean stem canker (SSC) caused by the fungal pathogen Diaporthe caulivora is an important disease affecting soybean production worldwide. However, limited information related to the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to Diaporthe species is available. In the present work, we analyzed the defense responses to D. caulivora in the soybean genotypes Williams and Génesis 5601. The results showed that compared to Williams, Génesis 5601 is more resistant to fungal infection evidenced by significantly smaller lesion length, reduced disease severity and pathogen biomass. Transcriptional profiling was performed in untreated plants and in D. caulivora-inoculated and control-treated tissues at 8 and 48 h post inoculation (hpi). In total, 2.322 and 1.855 genes were differentially expressed in Génesis 5601 and Williams, respectively. Interestingly, Génesis5601 exhibited a significantly higher number of upregulated genes compared to Williams at 8 hpi, 1.028 versus 434 genes. Resistance to D. caulivora was associated with defense activation through transcriptional reprogramming mediating perception of the pathogen by receptors, biosynthesisof phenylpropanoids, hormone signaling, small heat shock proteins and pathogenesis related (PR) genes. These findings provide novel insights into soybean defense mechanisms leading to host resistance against D. caulivora, and generate a foundation for the development of resistant SSCvarieties within soybean breeding programs. © 2023 Springer Nature Limite