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¿Qué pasa en el pago? : del calor al frío y de la sequía a la inundación en Uruguay.
No full textEn este libro se presentan trabajos realizados en el marco del proyecto "No te olvides del pago..." Clima en ambientes rurales y urbanos, desarrollado desde 2019 a 2023. Este proyecto surgió a través de la interacción de las responsables del curso "Clima y Confort" en la Licenciaturade Diseño del Paisaje (FAGRO-FADU-CURE) que se imparte desde 2011. ----------- CONTENIDO: Comité evaluador. -- ¿De qué trata este libro?. (Alicia Picción y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 1. Confluencias entre la arquitectura y la agronomía: grupo de investigación interdisciplinario en la Universidad de la República. (Claudia Simón, Alicia Picción y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 2. Desempeño ambiental y cambio global: hacia la evaluación ambiental, social y económica del diseño habitacional. (María Noel López Salgado). -- Capítulo 3. Caracterización de la evapotranspiración de referencia en Uruguay. (Sofía Alvariño, Rafael Terra y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 4. Agroclimatología de las deficiencias hídricas en Uruguay. (Soledad Pérez Becoña y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 5. El lado Social de la Evapotranspiración. (Hugo Partucci y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 6. Impacto de la variabilidad interanual de las precipitaciones primaverales sobre la producción de leche de predios del Litoral Oeste del Uruguay. (María José Farías, Celmira Saravia y Laura Astigarraga). -- Capítulo 7. ¿Se incrementó la ocurrencia de las olas de calor en el siglo XXI con respecto a los últimos 30 años del siglo XX?. Estudio de casos Paysandú y La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay. (Celmira Saravia y Romina de Souza). -- Capítulo 8. Isla de Calor Urbana en Montevideo, conceptos principales y una metodología para su caracterización. (Lucía Gutiérrez). -- Capítulo 9. Efecto del sombreado de alineaciones de árboles sobre la reducción de la temperatura microambiental y el confort térmico en Montevideo. (Emilio Terrani, Alicia Picción, Oscar Bentancur, Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 10. Bioclimatología de Aedes ægypti bajo condiciones de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático en Uruguay: 27 años de condiciones dispares. (R. Mario Caffera). -- Capítulo 11. Aportes para una gestión sustentable de residuos orgánicos con participación comunitaria. Caso de estudio ciudad de Tacuarembó. (Daniela Vázquez y Gabriela Cruz). -- Capítulo 12. Alternativas de aprendizaje en la enseñanza de los problemas ambientales. (Eduardo Llanos, Celmira Saravia, Carolina Munka, Gabriela Cruz). -- Sobre los autores
Tristeza parasitaria bovina. [cartilla].
No full textTristeza parasitaria bovina se le llama al complejo febril y anemizante causado por dos enfermedades: Babesiosis y Anaplasmosis
Trampeo masivo de grafolita en base a vinagres y volátiles de fruta. [cartilla].
No full textCONTENIDO: La importancia de trabajar con lo que hay. -- ¿En qué momento colocarla?. -- ¿Cuántas trampas colocamos?. -- Mantenimiento. -- Ventajas del uso de trampeos masivos en base a vinagres y terpenil acetato. -
Generation of genetically modified animal models in Southamerica. [Génération d'animaux génétiquement modifies en Amerique du Sud.]
No full textABSTRACT.- The generation of genetically modified animals has made possible to achieve great scientific advances in several fields. In 2006 we set up a Technological Unit at Institut Pasteur of Montevideo capable of conducting our own research program and provide researchers of Uruguay and the region with genetically modified mouse models. In 2014, we implemented the CRISPR/Cas9 system, which allowed us to broaden the scope of our activity and develop other projects involving mice and sheep, thus positioning this laboratory as a reference technological platform in South America. The legislation on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in several South American countries only considers modifications involving the addition of exogenous DNA, while legislation for genome editing involves a more appropriate regulation for this technology. This situation provides a regional advantage favoring the rapid development of genetically edited models including large animal species. © 2021 Academie Veterinaire de France. All rights reserved..-.-.-.-.--.-.-.-.RÉSUMÉ. - La création d'animaux génétiquement modifiés a permis de réaliser de grandes avancées scientifiques dans des domaines variés. En 2006 nous avons mis en place à l'Institut Pasteur de Montevideo une Unité Technologique capable de conduire un programme de recherche propre et de fournir aux chercheurs d'Uruguay et de la région des modèles de souris génétiquement modifiés. En 2014, nous avons mis en œuvre le système CRISPR/-Cas9, ce qui nous a permis d'élargir le cadre de notre activité et de développer d'autres projets impliquant la souris et le mouton, nous positionnant ainsi comme plateforme technologique de référence en Amérique du Sud. La législation relative aux Organismes Génétiquement Modifiés (OGMs) dans plusieurs pays d’Amérique du Sud ne prend en compte que les modifications comportant l'addition d'ADN exogène et en exclut donc l'édition génomique. Cette situation procure un avantage régional favorisant le développement rapide de modèles génétiquement éditées y compris dans des espèces animales de rentes
Terra Incógnita: conociendo el genoma del guayabo del país. [Presentación oral].
No full textAcca sellowiana (Myrtaceae) o "guayabo del país" (2n=2x=22) es una especie frutal nativa con alto valor patrimonial en Uruguay. Este estudio se enfocó a construir por primera vez en Uruguay, el genoma de referencia, a escala cromosómica de un árbol nativo
Abundance and phylogenetic distribution of eight key enzymes of the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle in grassland soils.
No full textGrassland biomes provide valuable ecosystem services, including nutrient cycling. Organic phosphorus (Po) represents more than half of the total P in soils. Soil microorganisms release organic P through enzymatic processes, with alkaline phosphatases, acid phosphatases and phytases being the key P enzymes involved in the cycling of organic P. This study analysed 74 soil metagenomes from 17 different grassland biomes worldwide to evaluate the distribution and abundance of eight key P enzymes (PhoD, PhoX, PhoA, Nsap-A, Nsap-B, Nsap-C, BPP and CPhy) and their relationship with environmental factors. Our analyses showed that alkaline phosphatase phoD was the dataset's most abundant P-enzyme encoding genes, with a wide phylogenetic distribution. Followed by the acid phosphatases Nsap-A and Nsap-C showed similar abundance but a different distribution in their respective phylogenetic trees. Multivariate analyses revealed that pH, Tmax, SOC and soil moisture were associated with the abundance and diversity of all genes studied. PhoD and phoX genes strongly correlated with SOC and clay, and the phoX gene was more common in soils with low to medium SOC and neutral pH. In particular, P-enzyme genes tended to respond in a positively correlated manner among them, suggesting a complex relationship of abundance and diversity among them. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology Reports published by Applied Microbiology International and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
FertiRIEGO Horticultura: riego y nutrición a medida de su cultivo de tomate.
No full textEn este artículo se presenta FertiRIEGO Horticultura, una nueva herramienta desarrollada por INIA que permite generar planes de fertirrigación ajustados a la realidad de cada cultivo y asistir en la toma de decisiones cotidianas de riego y nutrición a nivel predial
Differential hepatic mitochondrial function and gluconeogenic gene expression in 2 Holstein strains in a pasture-based system.
No full textABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to assess hepatic ATP synthesis in Holstein cows of North American and New Zealand origins and the gluconeogenic pathway, one of the pathways with the highest ATP demands in the ruminant liver. Autumn-calving Holstein cows of New Zealand and North American origins were managed in a pasture-based system with supplementation of concentrate that represented approximately 33% of the predicted dry matter intake during 2017, 2018, and 2019, and hepatic biopsies were taken during mid-lactation at 174 ± 23 days in milk. Cows of both strains produced similar levels of solids-corrected milk, and no differences in body condition score were found. Plasma glucose concentrations were higher for cows of New Zealand versus North American origin. Hepatic mitochondrial function evaluated measuring oxygen consumption rates showed that mitochondrial parameters related to ATP synthesis and maximum respiratory rate were increased for cows of New Zealand compared with North American origin. However, hepatic gene expression of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase was increased in North American compared with New Zealand cows. These results altogether suggest an increased activity of the tricarboxylic cycle in New Zealand cows, leading to increased ATP synthesis, whereas North American cows pull tricarboxylic cycle intermediates toward gluconeogenesis. The fact that this occurs during mid-lactation could account for the increased persistency of North American cows, especially in a pasture-based system. In addition, we observed an augmented mitochondrial density in New Zealand cows, which could be related to feed efficiency mechanisms. In sum, our results contribute to the elucidation of hepatic molecular mechanisms in dairy cows in production systems with higher inclusion of pastures. © 2022 American Dairy Science Association
INIA Cuareim (SLI09197). [Ficha técnica].
No full textINIA Cuareim (SLI09197) es resultante de la selección en una población local originada en el cruzamiento simple de INIA Cuaró/Fl00144-1P-24-1P, siendo registrada en 2020 y liberada comercialmente en 2021 en acuerdo con el Consorcio Nacional de Semilleristas de Arroz
Fixed environmental effects and connectedness of the genetic evaluation of the Limousin breed in Uruguay. [Fixed environmental effects and connectedness of the genetic evaluation of the Limousin breed in Uruguay].
No full textGenetic evaluations are an efficient tool to select sires, and for them it is necessary to have identification of environmental effects, genetic parameters, and acceptable degree of connectedness between herds. Evaluation of Limousin breed genetics has been developing since 2012. The objectives were to determine the most relevant fixed environmental effects of the characteristics in the genetic evaluation and to estimate the degree of connectedness between herds. The productive and genealogical records were extracted from the Limousin genetic evaluation database of the National Institute of Agricultural Research. Objective measurements were available for the characteristics birth weight (916 records), weaning (818), 18 months (438), ribeye area (435), and 12th-13th rib fat thickness (435) for 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 corresponding to four herds. The results showed that the fixed environmental effects considered presented a significant value (p<0.05), and that herds were connected to each other with average values of prediction error variance (pevd), and connectedness rating (cr) of 113.9 and 7.9, respectively. Concluding that the most relevant fixed environmental effects were year, sex, herd, age at weaning and age at 18 months, and that herds were connected with a low connectedness degree