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Ensifer meliloti elite strain U143 used as alfalfa inoculant in Uruguay: Characterization and draft genome sequence.
No full textABSTRACT.- Ensifer (syn. Sinorhizobium) meliloti U143 is an effective nitrogen-fixing strain isolated from Uruguayan soils. For decades, this strain has been used as an inoculant for different alfalfa cultivars. Here we report for the first time a characterization of the U143 elite strain that includes the preliminary genomic sequence, its annotation, and physiological parameters related to its symbiotic efficiency and nitrate respiration capacity. Through Illumina sequencing, the genome of the U143 strain was sequenced. The genome length was 6,801,966 bp, and it contained two megaplasmids, an average GC content of 62.15 %, and 6522 protein-coding sequences. In the symbiotic plasmid, we identified nap, nir, nor, and nos sequences that explain the ability of the U143 strain to respire NO3- in free-living and microaerobic conditions. Field assays performed in two locations for two years showed that alfalfa inoculated with the U143 strain produced 41 % more total shoot dry matter than the non-inoculated control, and between 61.3 % and 66.5 % of shoot N in alfalfa inoculated with strain U143 derived from nitrogen fixation. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Lt
First report of Coenosia attenuata (Stein, 1903) (Diptera, Muscidae) in Uruguay, confirmed by DNA barcode sequences.
No full textABSTRACT.Coenosia attenuata (Stein, 1903) is a predatory fly which feeds on other insects and can be used as a possible biological control agent. We report this insect in Uruguay for the first time. The flies were found in greenhouses on tomatoes and sweet peppers and identified using both DNA barcoding and morphological characteristics.©The authors.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Estudio y caracterización de una variante autóctona de Leptospira para su potencial uso como antígeno en vacunas de uso veterinario.
No full textRESUMEN: En Uruguay, Leptospira interrogans serogrupo Pomona serovar Kennewicki es una de las variantes más frecuentemente aislada en bovinos. Las vacunas actualmente disponibles contra leptospirosis bovina no incluyen esta variante autóctona. En este trabajo evaluamos la capacidad infectiva e inmunogénica de la variante autóctona de L. interrogans Pomona Kennewicki aislada de bovinos, en un modelo murino de infección sub-letal y crónica utilizando una vía de infección natural. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la capacidad infectiva, de diseminación sanguínea, colonización del parénquima renal e inmunogenicidad de este aislamiento autóctono validando así su potencial uso como antígeno de interés a ser incluido en la formulación de vacunas anti-leptospira de uso veterinario en Uruguay y la región. --------------- SUMMARY: Leptospira interrogans serogroup Pomona serovar Kennewicki is one of the most frequently isolated variants in cattle in Uruguay. Currently available vaccine against bovine leptospirosis do not include this autochthonous strain. In this work we evaluated the infective and immunogenic capacity of the autochthonous variant of L.interrogans Pomona Kennewicki isolated from bovines, in a chronic sublethal murine model using a natural route of infection. The results demonstrate the infective capacity, blood dissemination, colonization of the renal parenchyma and immunogenicity of this autochthonous isolate, thus validating its potential use as an antigen of interest to be included in the formulation of anti-leptospira vaccines for veterinary use in Uruguay and the region
Biology of immature stages and host range characteristics of sudauleutes bosqi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a candidate biological control agent of exotic Ludwigia spp. in the USA.
No full textABSTRACT.- South American invasive plants in the genus Ludwigia (Onagraceae) degrade many riparian and aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Biological control may aid in the management of these exotic weeds, but data on the host specificity of Ludwigia natural enemies is limited. The biology and host range of Sudauleutes bosqi Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an herbivore of Ludwigia spp. in South America, was studied to determine its suitability as a biological control agent for 3 exotic Ludwigia spp. (targets) in the US. © 2022 Florida Entomological Society. All rights reserved
Effects of wet aging, dry bag aging, and stepwise aging methods on meat quality and sensory attributes of steaks from pasture and grain finished steers.
No full textABSTRACT.- The study aimed to evaluate the effect of 2 finishing diets (F: pasture or grain) and 4 meat aging methods (AM) on physicochemical traits, microbiological loads, and sensory attributes of beef, with aging methods as follows: wet aging (WA) for 40 d; dry aging in the bag (DAb) for 40 d; dry bag for 20 d + wet 20 d (DW); and wet 20 d + dry bag 20 d (WD). Sixty striploins, consisting of the right and left Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle, from British crossbred steers, were employed, with 15 pairs of striploins obtained from pasture-finished and 15 pairs from grain-finished diet. © 2025 Correa, et al
Control de la solución nutritiva hidropónica (NFT) basado en el Ph y la conductividad: luces y sombras.
No full textEste artículo presenta el estudio de caso de un sistema h hidropónico NFT con el objetivo de analizar su gestión en la producción de lechuga y rúcula, con énfasis en el manejo de la solución nutritiva e identificando potenciales mejoras para el manejo de nutrientes
A1.33. Alza de lactación en una población de ovinos criollos de Uruguay. [Spring rise in a creole sheep population from Uruguay].
No full textEl ovino criollo del Uruguay es un recurso zoogenético localmente adaptado, registrado en el Sistema de Información sobre la Diversidad de los Animales Domésticos donde actualmente está catalogado en situación de riesgo (www.fao.org/dad-is). Desde el año 2019, el Instituto Nacional deInvestigación Agropecuaria (INIA) localizado en Las Brujas, departamento de Canelones, cuenta con una población de ovinos criollos compuesta por 101 animales
Evaluación mediante simulación de lluvias de la perdida de nutrientes en pasturas sembradas. [Evaluation of the loss of nutrients in sown pastures by means of rainfall simulation].
No full textRESUMEN.- La aplicación de fertilizantes, asociada a la intensificación de la actividad agropecuaria, ha incrementado la pérdida de nutrientes desde los sitios de agricultura hacia los cuerpos de agua. Contar con coeficientes de exportación de nutrientes, específicos de los usos del suelo de cada sitio, es importante para cuantificar impactos sobre la calidad de agua. Para generar información que aporte a la obtención de esos coeficientes, se analizaron las concentraciones de nitrógeno, fósforo y sólidos suspendidos en agua de escurrimiento generadas con un simulador de lluvia de alta intensidad, sobre tres tipos de pasturas de un sistema de producción lechero, con dos niveles de carga animal, durante invierno y verano. La carga animal no tuvo efecto significativo sobre las concentraciones de nutrientes y de sólidos suspendidos, mientras que sí hubo diferencias entre tipos de pasturas en interacción con la estación del año. Menores concentraciones de nutrientes estuvieron asociadas con mayores porcentajes de suelo cubierto, lo que resalta la importancia de este factor como medida para disminuir la pérdida de nutrientes en el agua de escurrimiento. El uso de simuladores de lluvia de alta intensidad es una herramienta promisoria para obtener datos que aporten a la estimación de coeficientes de exportación anuales..-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.SUMMARY.- Continuous fertilization associated with agricultural intensification has increased nutrients runoff losses. Specific nutrient export coefficients from land uses of each location is important to quantify the possible impacts on water quality. In order to generate information that contributes to obtain those coefficients we measured the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended solids in runoff generated from high-intensity rainfall simulation. The experiment was conducted on three types of dairy pastures with two stocking rates during two seasons. The stock did not have a significant effect on the concentration of nutrients and suspended solids, while there were differences between types of pastures in interaction with the season. Besides that, lower nutrient concentrations were associated with plots with higher soil cover percentages of covered soil, highlighting the importance of this factor as a measure to decrease P and N runoff losses. Use of high-intensity rainfall simulation is a tool that could be helpful to obtain data that contributes to the estimation of annual export coefficients
Resultados preliminares sobre la resistencia a acaricidas en Rhipicephalus microplus del norte de Uruguay. [Preliminary results on the resistance to acaricides in Rhipicephalus microplus from northern Uruguay].
No full textRESUMEN.- El control de la garrapata común del bovino (Rhipicephalus microplus) es un gran desafío para la ganadería mundial. Su impacto no solamente es económico, sino que también perjudica la salud y el bienestar animal. Diversos factores como el cambio del clima y del ecosistema, favorecen la reproducción y el ciclo natural de la garrapata, sumado al uso intensivo y excesivo de acaricidas, han conducido a que las poblaciones de garrapatas desarrollen cierta resistencia a estos fármacos. .................. ABSTRACT.- The control of the common cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) is a significant challenge for global livestock farming. Its impact is not only economic but also affects animal health and welfare. Various factors, such as climate and ecosystem changes, favor the reproduction and natural cycle of the tick. Combined with the intensive and excessive use of acaricides, these factors have led tick populations to develop resistance to these drugs
Genómica y mejora genética para una ganadería sostenible: avances y perspectivas. [abstract].
No full textLa selección genética es una herramienta clave para fortalecer la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental de la ganadería, con impacto acumulativo y permanente. Actualmente, el sector enfrenta el desafío de reducir las emisiones de metano entérico producido por los rumiantes