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Rad srama: Konstrukcije s komponentom 'sram' u engleskom i hrvatskom jeziku
No full textThis thesis investigates the multifaceted nature of shame and its different realisations in language, taking into account the importance of social and cultural context. Despite the universality of shame as an emotion, its conceptualisation oftentimes varies between English and Croatian, revealing the impact of linguistic and cultural specificities. The aim of this thesis is to examine how the English lexeme ‘shame’ and its Croatian counterpart ‘sram’ function in language, particularly within idiomatic expressions and ‘x of shame’ constructions. To achieve this, a comparative analysis grounded in cognitive linguistics and sociology is employed, relying on data from the enTenTen21 and hrWaC 2.2 web corpora via Sketch Engine. The findings reveal a great range of different meanings associated with ‘shame’ and ‘sram’, highlighting the complex nature of shame and the role of metaphorisation in linking shame to personal identity and social norms. This research contributes to the study of the linguistic realisations of ‘shame’, offering new perspectives on the intricate relationship between language, cognition, and culture.Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje višeznačnu prirodu srama i njegove različite realizacije u jeziku, uzimajući u obzir ulogu društvenog i kulturnog konteksta. Unatoč univerzalnosti srama kao emocije, njegovo poimanje varira između engleskog i hrvatskog jezika, otkrivajući utjecaj jezičnih i kulturnih specifičnosti. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je ispitati kako engleski leksem 'shame' i njegov hrvatski ekvivalent 'sram' funkcioniraju u jeziku, osobito u idiomatskim izrazima i konstrukcijama tipa 'x srama'. U tu svrhu koristi se komparativna analiza utemeljena na kognitivnoj lingvistici i sociologiji, oslanjajući se na podatke iz web korpusa enTenTen21 i hrWaC 2.2 putem Sketch Enginea. Rezultati otkrivaju veliki raspon različitih značenja leksema ‘shame’ i ‘sram’, naglašavajući složenu prirodu srama i ulogu metaforizacije u povezivanju srama s osobnim identitetom i društvenim normama. Ovo istraživanje doprinosi proučavanju jezičnih realizacija ‘srama’, nudeći novi pogled na odnos jezika, spoznaje, i kulture
Lexemes and Collocations Relating to Photography and Film Technology : A Diachronic Corpus-based Analysis
No full textThe invention of photography and film necessitated the coining of lexemes and phrases to describe various aspects of these new phenomena which gradually took on new meanings and became polysemous: for example, the film term flashback came to be used in the context of PTSD and hallucinogenic drugs. As this thesis argues, many of these semantic changes were motivated by conceptual metaphors as first described by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), meaning that, as these expressions became more entrenched, they started being used to understand other concepts. That is, the affordances of these new technologies begin to shape the way people perceive and conceptualize the world, which comes to the surface in the innovative ways they speak about it. Based on semantic and syntactic data retrieved from the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA) and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this thesis suggests and groups six common conceptual metaphors behind novel uses of 14 lexemes and phrases and proposes a set of mappings encompassing them all. The chronology of these changes corresponds to the order of semantic change motivated by conceptual metaphors described by Traugott (1982, 1985), Traugott and Dasher (1987, 2001), and Sweetser (1983, 1984, 1990), namely, shifts from physical domain verbs to mental state verbs, and from mental state to speech act meanings. Furthermore, as some lexemes take on the function of discourse markers, their meaning traces the path from the propositional to the discourse-structuring domain, and finally to the expressive domain, as proposed by Traugott (1982). The polysemy found in the 14 expressions at hand may thus be explained as a result of new conceptual metaphors using photography and film as their source domains, and of the types of shifts typical of semantic change. However, despite their prevalence, many of these senses are not listed by Cambridge English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster
Project Gutenberg
No full textProjekt Gutenberg predstavlja jedan od najstarijih i najvažnijih projekata digitalizacije književnih djela, s ciljem njihove besplatne dostupnosti široj publici. Ovaj rad analizira razvoj, značaj i tehničke aspekte projekta, kao i izazove s kojima se susreće. Kroz rad se obrađuju ključni aspekti digitalizacije knjiga, uključujući metode skeniranja, optičko prepoznavanje znakova (OCR) i formatiranje tekstova za različite uređaje. Također se razmatraju pravni i etički problemi vezani uz autorska prava i dostupnost digitaliziranih djela. Završni dio rada posvećen je usporedbi nekoliko različitih projekata digitalnih knjižnica. Istaknuta je važnost očuvanja kulturne baštine putem digitalizacije i potreba za stalnim unapređenjem tehnologija koje omogućavaju dostupnost i kvalitetu digitalnih knjiga. Ovaj rad doprinosi razumijevanju značaja digitalizacije književnosti i uloge Projekta Gutenberg u širenju znanja i informacija.Project Gutenberg is one of the oldest and most important projects for digitizing literary works, with the aim of making them freely available to a wider audience. This paper analyzes the development, significance, and technical aspects of the project, as well as the challenges it faces. The paper discusses key aspects of book digitization, including scanning methods, optical character recognition (OCR), and formatting texts for different devices. It also discusses legal and ethical issues related to copyright and the availability of digitized works. The final part of the paper is dedicated to comparing several different digital library projects. The importance of preserving cultural heritage through digitization and the need for continuous improvement of the technology that enables the availability and quality of digital books are emphasized. This paper contributes to understanding the significance of digitizing literature and the role of Project Gutenberg in spreading knowledge and information
Experiences of young women with health issues on gynecologist appointments in Croatia
No full textOvaj rad se bavi mladim ženama koje imaju zdravstvene probleme vezane uz reproduktivni sustav, što je uključivalo i već dijagnosticirane bolesti, ali i bolove i probleme koji još nisu dijagnosticirani. Ispitivala su se njihova iskustva na ginekološkim pregledima, a cilj rada je bio istražiti kakva je situacija s navedenim u Republici Hrvatskoj kako bi se lakše mogla naći rješenja istih te i u samom radu ponudila moguća rješenja. Za ispitivanje navedenog koristila se metoda ankete. Anketa je bila konstruirana za potrebe ovoga rada. Uzorak se sastojao od 260 ispitanica u dobi od 18 do 35 godina. Iz rezultata se dalo zaključiti da većina žena ima barem jedno negativno iskustvo na ginekološkom pregledu te da u prosjeku jako dugo čeka na dijagnozu bolesti, više od jedne godine. Žene u Hrvatskoj doživljavaju neprofesionalne i neprimjerene komentare na ginekološkim pregledima. Također u velikom broju doživljavaju ignoriranje i zanemarivanje simptoma. Na kraju rada dani su prijedlozi rješenja ovih problema.This paper deals with young women who have health issues connected to reproductive system, which included both already diagnosed diseases and pain and issues that are still undiagnosed. Women's experiences at gynecological examinations was examined, and the aim of the paper was to investigate the situation with the above in the Republic of Croatia in order to find solutions to them more easily and to offer possible solutions in the paper itself. The survey method was used to examine the above. The survey was constructed for the needs of this paper. The sample consisted of 260 respondents aged 18 to 35. The results showed that most women have at least one negative experience at a gynecological examination and that they wait on average a very long time for a diagnosis of the disease, more than one year. Women in Croatia experience unprofessional and inappropriate comments at gynecological examinations. They also experience a large number of symptoms being ignored and neglected. At the end of the paper, suggestions for solutions to these problems are given
Social tagging and censorship on social networks - an example of lolita fashion style
No full textU ovom će se diplomskom radu promotriti izraz „lolita" (modni termin povezan s Harajuku alternativnim modnim stilovima) te način na koji se navedeni termin (ne)pojavljuje na društvenim mrežama.
U prvom će se dijelu definirati ključni pojmovi: navest će se kratak povijesni pregled i važnosti razvoja termina „lolita" u Japanu te će se definirati termin cenzura i ukratko predstaviti njen utjecaj na nestanak navedenog termina s društvenih mreža.
U nastavku će se na primjeru triju društvenih mreža (Instagram, TikTok i Facebook) istražiti na koji su način i u kojoj mjeri društvene oznake koja sadrže navedeni termin cenzurirane. Nakon toga će se na primjeru prominentnih figura u lolita modnoj zajednici proučiti i popisati koje se društvene oznake koriste da bi pripadnici navedenog stila zaobišli nametnutu cenzuru te mogli održati svijest o postojanju navedenog stila.
Cilj diplomskog rada je istaknuti važnost koju društvene mreže danas imaju u izgradnji i održavanju lolita modnog stila, ali i supkultura općenito te na koji način neadekvatno implementirana cenzura može pridonijeti stvaranju negativne slike o određenom terminu ili zajednici.This thesis will examine the term "lolita" (a fashion term associated with Harajuku alternative fashion styles) and the way in which the term appears (or does not appear) on social networks.
The first part will define key terms: a brief historical overview and the importance of the development of the term "lolita" in Japan, and the term censorship will be defined along with its impact on the disappearance of the term „lolita“ from social networks.
The following part will examine the ways and extent to which social labels containing the term „lolita“ have been censored using the example of three social media networks (Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook). After that, using the example of prominent figures in the lolita fashion community, social labels used by members of the style will be examined and listed for the purpose of circumventing the imposed censorship and maintaining the awareness of the existence of lolita fashion style.
The aim of the thesis is to highlight the importance that social networks have today in building and maintaining the lolita fashion style, but also the subculture in general, and how inadequately implemented censorship can contribute to creating a negative image of a certain term or community
Петербургский текст на примере повестей «Невский проспект» и «Портрет» Н. В. Гоголя
No full textU ovom završnom radu analizira se fenomen „peterburškog teksta“ na primjeru dviju Gogoljevih noveli: Nevskij prospekt i Portret. Riječ je o posebnom načinu prikaza Sankt-Peterburga u ruskoj književnosti, gdje grad postaje simboličan prostor duhovne krize, iluzije i unutarnjeg rasula. Uokvirujući analizu teorijom Vladimira Toporova, rad istražuje kako se Sankt-Peterburg u okvirima „peterburškog teksta“ pretvara u cjelovit i samodostatan svijet čija unutarnja logika nadređuje pojedinačne priče i likove. Ističe se kako Gogol' ne koristi Sankt-Peterburg samo kao lokaciju, već ga pretvara u mitološki prostor borbe između dobra i zla, svjetlоsti i tame, umjetnosti i trivijalnosti, što ukazuje i na njegov doprinos samom razvoju „peterburškog teksta“. Analizom Gogoljevih novela rad istražuje kako Sankt-Peterburg utječe na pojedince — bilo da ih uništava ili iskušava. Gogoljev Peterburg spaja realizam i fantastično, stvarajući alegorijsku sliku modernog društva. Rad se fokusira na to kako likovi, konkretno Piskarev, Pirogov, Čartkov i Umjetnik B. propadaju ili se spašavaju unutar tog posebnog prostora. Analizom obje novele rad pokazuje da je Gogoljev Peterburg alegorija duhovnog kaosa, lažnog sjaja i eshatološke prijetnje
The representation of Zagreb through the Festival of Lights
No full textRad prikazuje i analizira predstavljanje grada Zagreba u kontekstu kulturne manifestacije Festivala svjetla Zagreb. Temu proučava primjenjujući teoretske postavke studija predstavljanja, antropologija festivala te antropologije mjesta i prostora. Rad proučava kako festival svjetla u Zagrebu pokazuje kako kulturni događaji postaju alati urbane renovacija, re- brendiranja grada, estetske transformacije prostora i oblikovanja profila grada. Smješten u središte grada, festival spaja lokalni kontekst s europskim kulturnim trendovima, djelujući kao sredstvo revitalizacije i redefiniranja urbane svakodnevice.The paper presents and analyzes the representation of the city of Zagreb in the context of the cultural event Festival of Lights Zagreb. It examines the topic by applying theoretical frameworks from the fields of representation studies, the anthropology of festivals, and the anthropology of place and space. This paper examines how Zagreb Lights Festival demonstrates that cultural events are becoming tools of urban renovation, city rebranding, aesthetic transformation of space, and the shaping of city profile. Situated in the city center, the festival connects the local context with European cultural trends, acting as a means of revitalization and the redefinition of urban everyday life
The Cretan War in the Literary Culture of Dalmatia and Dubrovnik
No full textU ovome se radu donosi analiza utjecaja Kandijskoga rata na književnu kulturu Dubrovnika i Dalmacije u 17. i 18. stoljeću. Uvodni dio rada pregled je ratnih zbivanja na dvama bojištima te uključuje utjecaje rata na Dubrovnik. Uvidi su temeljeni na modernoj historiografiji dok se oni u nastavku dotiču Frane Divnića, Pavla Andreisa i Pavla Šilobadovića – triju dalmatinskih suvremenika rata. Analizom onovremenih historiografskih tekstova obuhvaćeni su jezik, stil, objektivnost i identitet autora te njihove predodžbe o sukobljenim stranama. Odjeci rata proučeni su nadalje u tekstovima dubrovačkih književnika 17. stoljeća. U tekstovima Jakete Palmotića Dionorića i Nikolice Bunića proučavana je slika dubrovačke diplomacije u vrijeme Kandijskoga rata, dok je u Vladislava Menčetića promatran antiturski stav. Književna djela dubrovačkih autora promatrana su kao mogući pokazatelji vlastitih i kolektivnih stavova o Osmanlijama i Mlečanima. Raščlanjeno je potom upisivanje predodžbi o Kandijskom ratu u tekstovima Filipa Grabovca i Andrije Kačića Miošića. Rat je promatran kao jedan od triju mletačko-osmanskih sukoba kojima je ponovno osvojena Dalmacija pa se prema tome u tekstovima nastoji uočiti upisivanje ideje o junaštvu i sukob konfesionalnih identiteta. U analizama tekstova osmorice autora primijenjen je književnopovijesni pristup. Premda za stjecanje cjelovite slike promatranih djela nije dovoljna primjena samo ovoga pristupa, on je ipak u kontekstu rada pokazao dijalog između suvremenih događaja i autora.This paper analyses the impact of the Cretan War on the literary culture of Dubrovnik and Dalmatia in the 17th and 18th centuries. The introductory section provides a review of conflict dynamics on the two main fronts, including the repercussions of the conflict for Dubrovnik. These observations are supported by modern historiographical research, while the following discussion focuses on Frane Divnić, Pavao Andreis, and Pavao Šilobadović – three Dalmatian contemporaries of the conflict. The analysis of historiographical texts produced at the time of the Cretan War focuses on the authors’ use of language and style, their objectivity and identity, as well as their representations of the opposing sides in the war. Cultural impacts of the war are further reviewed in the literary works of 17th-century Dubrovnik writers. In the texts of Jaketa Palmotić Dionorić and Nikolica Bunić, specific emphasis is placed on the Dubrovnik diplomacy during the Cretan War, while the literary production of Vladislav Menčetić is defined by an anti-Ottoman perspective. The literary corpus of Dubrovnik authors can be considered as potential indicators of both personal and collective perspectives toward the Ottomans and Venetians. The research further explores the representations of the Cretan War in the writings of Filip Grabovac and Andrija Kačić Miošić. The war is understood as one of the three major Venetian-Ottoman conflicts that led to the reconquest of Dalmatia, and consequently, analysis focuses on how the idea of heroism and the conflict between confessional identities are inscribed in the texts. The study applies a literary-historical perspective to the corpus of eight authors. Even though this approach alone does not offer a complete perspective on the examined texts, it has still highlighted the interaction between the authors and contemporary events
The Mediala group in the context of contemporary events: a comparison with the activities of the Gorgona group
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se komparativnom analizom dviju ključnih umjetničkih grupa s područja bivše Jugoslavije, beogradske Mediale i zagrebačke Gorgone, istražujući njihov trajan značaj u suvremenoj umjetnosti. Obje grupe su se oblikovale u specifičnom društveno-političkom kontekstu pedesetih i šezdesetih godina 20. stoljeća. U kontekstu poslijeratne jugoslavenske liberalizacije, rad analizira Medialu i Gorgonu kao dva suprotna odgovora na neoavangardu. Mediala, okupljena oko koncepta integralnog slikarstva, povratka figuraciji i metafizičkih tema, suprotstavljala se dominantnoj apstrakciji povratkom duhovnosti, simbolizmu i narativu. Nasuprot tome, Gorgona je u isto vrijeme razvijala svoj jedinstveni put usmjeren na apsurd, nihilizam i dematerijalizaciju umjetničkog djela. Kroz analizu njihovih teorijskih ideja, ključnih djela i različitih pristupa, rad ističe da su obje grupe bile dio istog pokreta otpora socijalističkom modernizmu, no s dijametralno suprotnim filozofijama. Zaključno, rad potvrđuje da se ideje Mediale i Gorgone i danas percipiraju kao živi fenomeni, a njihovo naslijeđe, koje spaja duboku duhovnost s inovativnim izrazom, ima trajnu relevantnost u postmodernoj regionalnoj i međunarodnoj povijesti umjetnosti.This thesis focuses on a comparative analysis of two key artistic groups from the former Yugoslavia- the Belgrade based Mediala and the Zagreb based Gorgona- exploring their lasting significance in contemporary art. Both groups emerged within the specific socio-political context of the 1950s and 1960s. In the framework of post-war Yugoslav liberalization, the study examines Mediala and Gorgona as two opposing responses to the neo-avant-garde. Mediala, centered on the concept of integral painting, a return to figuration, and metaphysical themes, challenged dominant abstraction by reintroducing spirituality, symbolism and narrative. In contrast, Gorgona simultaneously developed a unique path oriented towards absurdity, nihilism and the dematerialization of the artwork. Through the analysis of their theoretical ideas, key artworks and different approaches, the thesis highlights that both groups were a part of the same movement of resistance to socialist modernism, yet with diametrically opposed philosophies. In conclusion, the study confirms that the ideas of Mediala and Gorgona are still perceived as living phenomena, and their legacy, uniting profound spirituality with innovative expression, retains lasting relevance in the postmodern regional and international history of art
Predictors of heteronormative attitudes and beliefs among young adults
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati doprinos sociodemografskih karakteristika, autoritarnosti, orijentacije prema socijalnoj dominaciji, važnosti vjere te empatije i kontakta s neheteroseksualnim osobama u objašnjenju heteronormativnih stavova i uvjerenja kod mladih odraslih. Podaci korišteni u istraživanju prikupljeni su online upitnikom. Uzorak se sastojao od 304 sudionika iz RH u dobi od 18 do 30 godina. Provedena je hijerarhijska regresijska analiza u tri koraka. Sociodemografske karakteristike objasnile su 38.2% varijance heteronormativnih stavova i uvjerenja. Muški rod i heteroseksualna orijentacija pokazali su se pozitivnim prediktorima, dok su se dob i veličina mjesta pokazali negativnim prediktorima heteronormativnosti. U drugom koraku su dodane ideološke varijable. Autoritarnost, orijentacija prema socijalnoj dominaciji te važnost vjere objasnile su dodatnih 29.9% varijance, te su se pokazale pozitivnim prediktorima heteronormativnosti. U trećem koraku uvrštene su varijable emocionalne i kognitivne empatije te direktnog i indirektnog kontakta s neheteroseksualnim osobama. Ovaj skup varijabli objasnio je dodatnih 1.1% varijance, dok su svi prediktori ukupno objasnili 69.2% varijance. Od interpersonalnih varijabli, jedino se indirektni kontakt pokazao statistički značajnim, ujedno i negativnim prediktorom heteronormativnosti. U trećem koraku rezultati pokazuju da izraženije heteronormativne stavove i uvjerenja iskazuju heteroseksualne osobe, mlađe osobe, autoritarnije osobe, osobe orijentirane prema socijalnoj dominaciji i one kojima je vjera važnija u životu, te osobe s manje indirektnog kontakta s neheteroseksualnim osobama. Pritom seksualna orijentacija samostalno objašnjava najveći udio varijance heteronormativnih stavova i uvjerenja.The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of sociodemographic characteristics, authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, importance of religion, empathy, and contact with non-heterosexual individuals in explaining heteronormative attitudes and beliefs in young adults. The data used in the study were collected through an online survey. The sample consisted of 304 Croatian participants aged 18 to 30. A three-block hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Sociodemographic characteristics explained 38.2% of the variance in heteronormative attitudes and beliefs. Male gender and heterosexual orientation were positive predictors, while age and the population of the place of residence were negative predictors of heteronormativity. In the second block, ideological variables were added. Authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and importance of religion explained an additional 29.9% of the variance, and were positive predictors of heteronormativity. In the third block, in addition to sociodemographic and ideological variables, the variables of emotional and cognitive empathy and direct and indirect contact with non-heterosexual individuals were included. This set of variables explained an additional 1.1% of the variance, while all predictors explained 69.2% of the variance in total. Of the interpersonal variables, only indirect contact proved to be statistically significant, and also a negative predictor of heteronormativity. In the third block, heterosexual people, younger people, more authoritarian people, those oriented towards social dominance, those for whom religion is more important in life, and people with less indirect contact with non-heterosexual individuals have more pronounced heteronormative attitudes and beliefs. Sexual orientation independently explains the largest share of the variance in heteronormative attitudes and beliefs