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Literature as a cohesive factor in gymnasiums
No full textOvaj rad ispituje kohezivnu snagu književnosti u gimnazijama. Njime se nastoji odgovoriti na pitanje može li književnost omogućiti suradnju među nastavnicima različitih nastavnih predmeta, a međupredmetno povezivanje na temelju književnih sadržaja utjecati na učenički interes za čitanje takve vrste tekstova i čitanje općenito. Hipoteza o kohezivnoj snazi književnosti postavljena je na temelju iskustva pri provođenju školskih projekata.
U prvome su dijelu rada predstavljena odgojno-obrazovna područja i njihova povezanost s književnošću. Veze su pritom dokazane postupno, najprije izvan same nastave, a potom, na temelju literature i osobnih iskustava autora, u nastavi. Pritom su predloženi modeli poučavanja na temelju književnih sadržaja za sve nastavne predmete. U drugome su dijelu rada analizirane prikupljene ankete u Gimnaziji Andrije Mohorovičića Rijeka o učeničkoj i u gimnazijama Primorsko-goranske županije nastavničkoj recepciji književnosti. Pokazalo se da međupredmetna projektna nastava utemeljena na književnosti može pozitivno utjecati na učeničko čitanje književnih tekstova. Pritom nije primijećen porast ili pad interesa za čitanje drugih vrsta tekstova. Također, utvrđen je pozitivan odnos nastavnika prema književnosti. U poučavanju se primjerima iz književnosti u većoj mjeri služe nastavnici jezično komunikacijskoga, društveno-humanističkoga, umjetničkoga i prirodoslovnoga područja.
Rad doprinosi znanosti: ispituje kohezivnu snagu književnosti u svim gimnazijskim predmetnim područjima, donosi metodološku razradu probranih književnih tekstova i anketne podatke mikroistraživanja.The doctoral dissertation Literature as a Cohesive Factor in Gymnasiums examines the cohesive strength of literature in high schools. It aims to answer whether literature can enable cooperation between teachers of different subjects and whether cross-curricular linking based on literary content affects students’ interest in reading those kinds of texts and reading in general. The hypothesis of the cohesive power of literature is based on Gymnasium Andrija Mohorovičić Rijeka school projects experience (Jules Verne’s Actuality, Arthur C. Clarke’s Literary Universe, GAMbit and Brilliant Novels Girls and Women).
The first part of the dissertation deals with educational areas and their connection with literature. The connections of educational areas with literature are proven gradually: first, outside the classroom, and, lately, based on literature in general and on the author’s subjective experiences in the classroom as well. In that part of the dissertation, models of teaching based on literary content are proposed for all school subjects.
The chapter Literature and Language and Communication Area (Književnost i jezično komunikacijsko područje) is dedicated to teaching the first language (Croatian language and the language of national minorities in the Republic of Croatia) as well as classical and foreign languages. The author of the dissertation explains the possibilities of correlation between first language and other school subjects with literary contents. Also, he emphasizes, according to Examples from Students’ Teaching Practice / Primjeri iz studentske nastavne prakse (Grakalić Plenković, 2023, pp. 63–193), that Croatian Language and Literature students are aware of those possibilities. Therefore, he presents Croatian language domains and his own working models for reading Tisja Kljaković Braić’s short story Krleža has skills / Krleža ima mota (Kljaković Braić, 2015) within the domain Croatian language and communication, John Green’s novel Paper Towns / Gradovi na papiru (Green, 2015a) within the domain Literature and creativity, and comparison of Jules Verne’s novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea / 20 000 milja pod morem (Verne, 2003) and Alex Garland’s The Beach / Žal (Garland, 1998) with other media within the domain Culture and media. For language of national minorities teaching, he proposes reading literary texts whose protagonists are teenagers: Jasminka Petrović’s novel The Summer I Learnt to Fly / Leto kada sam naučila da letim (Petrović, 2015) in Serbian language lessons, Enrico Brizzi’s Jack Frusciante Has Lef the Band / Jack Frusciante è uscito dal gruppo (Brizzi, 1994) in Italian language lessons, Magda Szabó’s Tell Sally... / Mondják meg Zsófikának (Szabó, 1958) in Hungarian language lessons, and František Tichý’s Recruit 244 / Rekrut 244 (Tichý, 2022.) in Czech language lessons, and for higher grades in the same language order: Bora Ćosić’s poem Danube / Dunav (Ćosić, 2015), Elena Ferrante’s My Brilliant Friend / L'amica geniale (Ferrante, 2011), Imre Kertész’s Fatelessness / Sorstalanság (Kertész, 1975) and Karel Čapek’s R. U. R. (Čapek, 2018). For language teaching in general, the author proposes using literary texts that emphasize linguistic beauty or present learning language methods. Those are, for instance, Diego Marani’s New Finnish Grammar / Nova finska gramatika (Marani, 2014) and Michel de Montaigne’s essay On the Education on Children / O odgoju djece (Montaigne, 2007). The author of this dissertation gives examples from literature that confirm the importance of including literary texts in foreign language teaching, especially the first (e. g. Ćavar, 2017). Also, he highlights the dramatic approach proposed by Ana Kodrić in the book Language on Stage / Jezik na pozornici (Kodrić, 2013). He emphasizes that classical and foreign languages textbooks offer ready-made solutions for including literary texts in teaching. Moreover, he explains how teachers can include in the English language teaching Jack London’s Call of the Wild (London, 1992) and Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (Fitzgerald, 2020), and in the classical language teaching Andrew Olimpi’s Ego, Polyphemus (Olimpi, 2018a), Labyrinthus (Olimpi, 2018b) and Jenny Teichmann’s ἐρωτικοὶ μῦθοι: Love Stories in Easy Ancient Greek (Teichmann, 2023). Furthermore, he proposes learning foreign languages series by degrees.
The chapter Literature and Mathematical area (Književnost i matematičko područje) offers interesting mathematical problems related to literature from Branimir Dakić’s book Stories from Mathematics / Priče iz matematike (Dakić, 2016). The author of the dissertation emphasizes Vladimir Devidé as a successful mathematician and writer. As an example of discursive form, he analyses parts of Devidé’s book The Anti-Diary of Remembrance / Antidnevnik prisjećanja (Devidé, 1995). Furthermore, Devidé in the book Miraculous Mathematics / Čudesna matematika (Devidé, 2010) and Sanja Sruk in the paper Art and Mathematics / Umjetnost i matematika (Sruk, 2019) write about authors who have connected literature and mathematics. Solomon Marcus, in his book Mathematical Poetics / Matematička poetika (Marcus, 1974), uses mathematical tools in the analysis of literary texts as well as the Oulipo group for the skillful use of mathematical knowledge in writing literary texts. Ivana Buljubašić presents the Oulipo group in the book Oulipo and Literature of Constraints / Oulipo i književnost ograničenja (Buljubašić, 2018). Papers Literature in the Function of Contemporary Mathematics Teaching / Književnost u funkciji suvremene nastave matematike by Ivan Dražić and Katica Jurasić (Dražić and Jurasić, 2013), Who Still Doesn’t Believe in Fairy Tales? / Tko još ne vjeruje u bajke? by Snježana Lukač and Rebeka Kalazić (Lukač and Kalazić, 2020) or Mathematics and Mathematicians in Literature / Matematika i matematičari u književnosti by Mateja Zidarić (Zidarić, 2015) testify desire of Math teachers to include literary texts in their teaching. The author of the dissertation offers models of incorporating Apostolos Doxiadis’s novel Uncle Petros and Goldbach’s Conjectures / Stric Petros i Goldbachova slutnja (Doxiadis, 2001), Jasna Horvat’s Auron (Horvat, 2011) and, based on the school project experience, literary texts related to cryptography in general in the Math teaching.
The chapter Literature and Natural Sciences Area (Književnost i prirodoslovno područje) confirms the presence of literature in the natural sciences, primarily throughout the naming of key terms such as chemical elements and constellations. John Emsley’s book The Elements / Vodič za elemente (Emsley, 2005) talks about naming the chemistry elements as well as Robert Burnham’s book Astronomy: A Guide to the Night Sky / Astronomija: vodič po noćnom nebu (Burnham, 2003) and David E. Falkner’s The Mythology of the Night Sky (Falkner, 2011) constellations. It is worth mentioning that even terms in other natural sciences, such as ocean and atlas in geography or narcis and melisa in biology, have origins in literature. The author of the dissertation considers autobiographical texts of famous scientists. Those texts, as Nikola Tesla’s My Inventions / Moji pronalasci (Tesla, 2015), Charles Darwin’s Autobiography and Selected Letters / Autobiografija i izabrana pisma (Darwin, 2016) or Jane Goodall’s Reasons for Hope: A Spiritual Journey / Razlog za nadu: duhovno putovanje (Goodall and Berman, 2001) testify the importance of literature in their formative years. Primo Levi is a chemist who became an excellent writer. The author of this dissertation presents Levi’s book The Periodic Table / Periodički system (Levi, 1991). Tatjana Kren gives examples of Croatian writers who were amateurs engaged in astronomy in her books Astronomical Time Machine: Sketches from the Past of Croatian Astronomy / Astronomijski vremeplov: crtice iz prošlosti hrvatskoga zvjezdoznanstva (Kren, 2002) and Stars Dry Up Heavens / Nebesa se osuše zvijezdam (Kren, 2004). Naturalism, and its central figure Zola with texts The Experimental Novel / Eksperimentalni roman (Zola, 1979) and the preface to the second edition of the novel Thérèse Raquin (Zola, 2005a, pp. 13–18), is a notable example of natural science influence on literature. Furthermore, cultural geography and ecocriticism are notable examples of the connection between literature and natural sciences. The author of the dissertation presents in detail Laura Šakaja’s book An Introduction to Cultural Geography / Uvod u kulturnu geografiju (Šakaja, 2015). As an example of more subjective connection between geography and culture he highlights Viktor Žmegač’s books Four European Cities: Cultural Horizons / Četiri europska grada: Kulturološki obzori (Žmegač, 2017) and Portraits of Cities: London, Venice, Munich, St. Petersburg / Portreti gradova: London, Venecija, München, Sankt Peterburg (Žmegač, 2019). In addition, it is worth mentioning that postcolonialism relates to cultural geography. The author of the dissertation presents ecocriticism throughout a series of texts (e. g. Garrard, 2012 and Oblučar, 2022) and proposes reading texts close to ecocriticism such as Nikola Visković’s Cultural Zoology / Kulturna zoologija (Visković, 2009) and Suzana Marjanić and Antonija Zaradija Kiš’s Cultural Bestiary / Kulturni bestijarij (Marjanić and Zaradija Kiš, 2007). Finally, he offers models of incorporating Jasna Horvat’s novel Atanor (Horvat, 2017) and Primo Levi’s The Periodic Table / Periodički system (Levi, 1991) in Chemistry lessons, Maja Klarić’s poems collection Quinta Pitanga (Klarić, 2013) in Geography lessons, Herman Melville’s Moby Dick (Melville, 1999) and Robert Perišić’s A Cat at the End of the World / Brod za Issu (Perišić, 2022) in Biology lessons, and Krilov’s Swan, Pike and Crawfish / Labud, rak i štuka (Krilov, 1997) in Physics lessons. The last example is elaborated in detail in Jakov Isidorovič Pereljman’s book Interesting Physics / Zanimljiva fizika (Isidorovič Pereljman, 1949). In addition, based on the project experience, the author of the dissertation proposes including Jules Verne’s and Arthur C. Clarke’s science fiction novels in Physics and Astronomy lessons such as Jules Verne’s Mathias Sandorf (Verne, 2001) in Geography lessons.
The chapter Literature and Technical and IT Area (Književnost i tehničko i informatičko područje) explains the direct connection between literature and computer sciences in today’s world (e. g. writing on computers, publishing of electronic books and promotions on the Internet). A biographical text on the creativity of Steve Jobs (Isaacson, 2011) describes a famous Apple commercial related to Orwell’s novel 1984, negotiations over the rights to Shakespeare’s texts, and the development of electronic books and devices for reading them. Bob Dylan strongly influenced Steve Jobs, and he often associated his work in the computer industry with poetry. As an example of touching literature and computer sciences, this chapter presents digital humanities and related texts (e. g. Žigo, Lasić and Čubrilo, 2023; Piper, 2018; Jockers, 2013; Gold, 2012b and Moretti, 2000). The author of the dissertation proposes models of work on two novels in Computer sciences / IT lessons: Jasna Horvat’s Atanor (Horvat, 2017) and Ivica Ivanišević and Marina Vujčić’s Discharge Letter / Otpusno pismo (Ivanišević and Vujčić, 2016). Also, teachers could present the work of the Oulipo group and code poetry in general (e. g. Tomasula, 2012).
Chapter Literature and Social and Humanist Area (Književnost i društveno humanističko područje) begins with the presentation of Bertrand Russell’s autobiography (Russell, 2009). He is a Nobel Prize winner who connects different branches of the social and humanist area. Logicomix / Stripologikon (Doxiadis and Papadimitriou, 2010) is a comic book or graphic novel about his life and work. Examples from textbooks and curriculums certify the connections between literature and the social and humanistic field. Methodologist Ivo Rendić Miočević recommends linking literary contents with History teaching (Rendić Miočević, 2000, pp. 125–133). Author of this dissertation describes the history of literature as an obvious link between history and literature (e. g. Talan, 2004; Žmegač, Škreb and Sekulić, 2003; Novak, 2003; Cesar and Pogačnik, 1991) as well as approaches to literary texts by historians in a broader sense (e. g. Cravetto/Goldstein, 2007, pp. 457–475). Nenad Ivić’s book Civil Words War / Građanski rat riječi (Ivić, 2021) served as material for questioning the readability of the world in teaching and the relationship between history and literature. The author of the dissertation offers work models for those literary texts within the History lessons: John William’s August (Williams, 2017), Miroslav Krleža’s The Croatian God Mars / Hrvatski bog Mars (Krleža, 1995) and Annie Ernaux’s The Years / Godine (Ernaux, 2021). The subchapter on Psychology explains the psychoanalytic approach to literary texts. Scientific research on writers’ autobiographies and readers’ memory are related to psychology, for instance Sanja Grakalić Plenković’s Croatian Literary Modernism in Personal Mirror / Moderna u osobnom zrcalu (Grakalić Plenković, 2018) and Lovro Škopljanac’s Literature Through Recall / Književnost kao prisjećanje (Škopljanac, 2014). International project PROMEHS (Tatalović Vorkapić and Vujičić, 2020) is an example of connecting the content of psychology and literary texts in the teaching. The author of the dissertation proposes tasks related to literary texts (e. g. Ekman’s division of emotions and the personality traits) and working models for Jennifer Niven’s All the Bright Places / Sva radosna mjesta (Niven, 2016), Renata Zlatković’s Calories / Kalorije (Zlatković, 2015) and Elena Ferrante’s My Brilliant Friend / Genijalna prijateljica (Ferrante, 2016). Feminism and postcolonialism are literary theories related to Sociology. Jelena Zbukvić’s graduate thesis Sociology and Literature: the Methodological Potential of Contemporary Croatian Prose in Teaching Sociology / Sociologija i književnost – metodički potencijal suvremene hrvatske proze u nastavi sociologije (Zbukvić, 2022) confirms correlations between literature and sociology. The author of the dissertation proposes working models for Susan Eloise Hinton’s The Outsiders / Autsajderi (Hinton, 2001), Jack Kerouac’s On the Road / Na cesti (Kerouac, 1997) and Vikas Swarup’s Slumdog Millionaire / Milijunaš s ulice (Swarup, 2009). The subchapter on Philosophy presents the philosophy of literature. The author proposes re-examination of the philosophy and literature boundaries with Iris Vidmar’s paper Philosophy and Literature on the World and Man: The Same and Different / Filozofija i književnost o svijetu i čovjeku: isto a različito (Vidmar, 2013). He designs worksheet to connect literary texts with philosophical concepts and offers working models for Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World / Sofijin svijet (Gaarder, 2010), Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s The Curious Case of Benjamin Button / Neobična priča o Benjaminu Buttonu (Fitzgerald, 2009) and William Shakespeare’s Othello / Otelo (Shakespeare, 2004, pp. 305–433). For Logic, he creates tasks such as practicing tables of truth values and translating concepts into the language of logic. Author proposes working models for Antun Gustav Matoš’s Ad hominem (Matoš, 1973), Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland / Alica u zemlji čudesa (Carroll, 1991) and Agatha Christie’s Poirot Investigates / Poirot istražuje (Christie, 2008). Politics and Economics, he relates to the topic of refugees and uses Duško Petrović’s book Refugee in the Modern World / Izbjeglištvo u suvremenom svijetu (Petrović, 2016). Furthermore, the author of the dissertation offers a working model for Bekim Sejranović’s book From Nowhere to Nowhere / Nigdje, niotkuda (Sejranović, 2020). According to it, it is possible to work similar with Ivana Simić Bodrožić’s Hotel Zagorje (Simić Bodrožić, 2010) or Damir Karakaš’s A Perfect Place for Misery / Sjajno mjesto za nesreću (Karakaš, 2009.). In relation to Ethics and Religious Education, he considers Dean Slavić’s The Bible as Literature / Biblija kao književnost (Slavić, 2016.) as an example of linking religion and literature. For Ethics, he proposes working models for Aesop’s Fables / Basne (Ezop, 1999.), Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter / Grimizno slovo (Hawthorne, 2008.) and Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go / Nikad me ne ostavljaj (Ishiguro, 2005.) as well for Religious Education for Franz Kafka’s A Hunger Artist / Umjetnik u gladovanju (Kafka, 2016.), Nikola Šop’s The Divine Shepherd / Božanski pastir (Šop, 1997.) and Thomas Stearns Eliot’s The Waste Land / Pusta zemlja (Eliot, 2009.). In their interpretation, Dean Slavić’s Guide for Interpreters / Peljar za tumače (Slavić, 2011) is an immense help.
The chapter Literature and Artistic Area (Književnost i umjetničko područje) begins with considering the structure and naming of terms based on the interinfluence of literature and other arts. The starting point is Viktor Žmegač’s book Literature and Music / Književnost i glazba (Žmegač, 2003), Aleksandar Flaker’s Literary Vedutas / Književne vedute (Flaker, 1999) and Walter Isaacson’s Leonardo da Vinci (Isaacson, 2021). After that, the author of the dissertation considers texts on music and fine arts, especially those of Nedjeljko Fabrio (Fabrio, 1997), who writes about music, and Tonko Maroević (Maroević, 2007), who writes about fine arts. He also quotes examples from curriculum and textbooks as well as those of methodologist Dean Slavić (Slavić, 2011). For Music, the author of the dissertation proposes working models for different genres musicians’ autobiographies and biographies, such as Chas Newkey Burden’s Adele (Newkey-Burden, 2012), Mia Dimšić’s Road to the Dream / Cesta do sna (Dimšić, 2021) and José Carreras’s Singing from the Soul / Pjevati iz duše (Carreras, 2002). For Arts, he offers working models for Tracy Chevalier’s Girl with a Pearl Earring / Djevojka s bisernom naušnicom (Chevalier, 2009), Slavenka Drakulić’s Dora and Minotaur / Dora i Minotaur (Drakulić, 2015) and Ivan Meštrović’s Michelangelo – Artist’s Essays on Artist / Michelangelo – Eseji umjetnika o umjetniku (Meštrović, 2010).
The chapter Literature and Physical and Health Area (Književnost i tjelesno i zdravstveno područje) begins with an analysis of terminology taken from literature, which appears in sports sections. Then, the author gives examples of the permeations of sport and literature throughout the history of the Olympic Games (e. g. Shestakova, 2021) and writers related to sports, more specifically football (Lazzarich, 2014). He singles out Krešimir Bagić’s text Intellectualization of Football / Intelektualizacija nogometa (Bagić, 2007). As working models, he offers Miljenko Jergović’s Wilimowski (Jergović, 2016), Nebojša Lujanović's Marathon Runner / Maratonac (Lujanović, 2020.), Andre Agassi’s Open / Razotkrivanje (Agassi, 2018.) and Nan Shepherd’s The Living Mountain / Živa planina (Shepherd, 2022.).
The chapter Literature and Recess (Književnost i veliki odmori) points out that it is possible to encourage reading literary texts outside the classroom. The author explains how talking about books can bring students together and suggests the presentation of suitable texts that students could read during school recess. Books that contain short, entertaining, or informative texts, suitable for reading aloud for fifteen minutes, would be ideal; for instance The Literature Book / Velike ideje – Književnost (Calogjera Rogić / Gilbert et al., 2020), Luka Ostojić’s Help, We Read the Book!: Clinical Glossary of Critical Reading / Upomoć, pročitali smo knjigu!: Klinički pojmovnik kritičkog čitanja (Ostojić, 2018.) and Wise Thoughts for Every Day / Mudre misli za svaki dan (Gogala and Peček, 2006.).
All those chapters on educational areas have parts dedicated to the author of this dissertation’s individual experiences. Precisely, he gives examples such as discussions about mathematician Leonhard Euler during the interpretation of Krleža’s play The Glembays
Jezična politika Švedske prema jezicima migranata
No full textMed det ökade antalet migranter har Sverige tvingats att utforma lagstiftning som reglerar den språkliga situationen i landet. Under 1900- och 2000-talet antogs ett flertal beslut och publicerades ett antal utredningar, vilka slutligen resulterade i Språklagen från år 2009. I denna lag fastslås bland annat principen om allas rätt till språk: rätten att utveckla och tillägna sig det svenska språket, rätten att utveckla och använda sitt modersmål och sitt nationella minoritetsspråk samt möjligheten att tillägna sig främmande språk. En särskild position inom den svenska språkpolitiken intar den nordiska språkgemenskapen, vars språk tillerkänns särskilda rättigheter i Sverige trots att de inte ingår i kategorin nationella minoritetsspråk. Den svenska staten erbjuder även stöd till medier på minoritetsspråk för att säkerställa deras representation och närvaro i det offentliga medielandskapet. Vidare främjas bevarandet av dessa språk genom modersmålsundervisning (MTI), vilken omfattar samtliga språk oavsett ursprung. Till skillnad från Sverige saknar Kroatien lagstiftning som reglerar migranters språkliga status och det finns inte heller någon övergripande strategi för bevarandet och främjandet av dessa språk.Sweden, with an increased number of migrants, had to adopt laws to define the linguistic situation. Through the 20th and 21st centuries, numerous decisions and reports were issued, eventually leading to the Language Act of 2009. Among other things, this act states that everyone must have the right to a language: to develop and acquire the Swedish language, to develop and use their mother tongue and minority language, and to have the opportunity to learn foreign languages. A special position in the Swedish language policy is held by the Nordic language community, whose languages have special rights in Sweden, even though they are not considered minority languages. The Swedish government provides incentives to minority-language media to ensure their representation and give them a place in the media landscape. Additionally, mother tongue instruction (MTI) is implemented to preserve these languages, and it applies to all languages, regardless of their origin. Compared to Sweden, Croatia lacks laws establishing the status of migrant languages and has no plan for maintaining and promoting these languages.Švedska je s povećanim brojem migranata morala donijeti zakone kojim bi definirala jezičnu situaciju. Kroz 20. i 21. stoljeće izdane su brojne odluke i izvješća koje su na kraju dovele do Zakona o jeziku 2009. godine, u kojem je među ostalim izneseno da svatko mora imati pravo na jezik: razvijati i usvajati švedski jezik, razvijati i koristiti svoj materinski jezik i jezik nacionalne manjine te imati priliku učiti strane jezike. Posebnu poziciju u švedskoj jezičnoj politici ima nordijska jezična zajednica čiji jezici imaju posebna prava u Švedskoj, iako ne spadaju pod jezike nacionalnih manjina. Švedska vlada pruža poticaje medijima na jezicima manjina kako bi omogućila njihovu reprezentaciju i pružila im mjesto u medijskom prostoru. Također se za njihovo očuvanje provodi nastava na materinskom jeziku (MTI), koje vrijedi za sve jezike, neovisno odakle potječu. U usporedbi sa Švedskom, Hrvatskoj nedostaje zakona kojim bi se uspostavio status jezika migranata, te nema plana za održavanje i promicanje tih jezika
Adverse Childhood Experiences and their relationship with prolific offending, psychopathology and personality traits in prisoner sample
No full textCilj je ovog rada ispitati zastupljenost nepovoljnih iskustava u djetinjstvu (NID) na uzorku od 496 zatvorenika iz Centra za dijagnostiku Zatvora u Zagrebu, kao i njihovu povezanost s ovisnosti, poremećajima ličnosti, iskustvom psihijatrijskog liječenja te brojem kriminalnih djela. Također, ispitat će se povezanost NID-a s osobinama ličnosti modelu te njihov doprinos u objašnjavanju varijance broja kriminalnih djela. Iz baze podataka prikupljene su sociodemografske varijable, broj kaznenih djela te povijest psihopatologije, a korišteni su Upitnik nepovoljnih iskustava i Eysenckov revidiran inventar ličnosti (EPQ-R/A). Rezultati pokazuju da je 71.2% zatvorenika doživjelo bar jedno NID, od kojih je 30.2% doživjelo četiri ili više NID-a. Broj NID-a je statistički značajno i pozitivno povezan s brojem kriminalnih djela. Dobivena je statistički značajna razlika u broju NID-a između skupina tako da osobe koje su ovisnici, psihijatrijski liječeni i imaju poremećaj ličnosti, imaju u prosjeku statistički značajno više NID-a od onih koji nisu ovisnici, onih koji nisu psihijatrijski liječeni i onih koji nemaju poremećaj ličnosti. NID su statistički značajno i pozitivno povezana s psihoticizmom i neuroticizmom. Dobiveni su statistički značajni samostalni doprinosi NID-a i psihoticizma u objašnjavanju broja kriminalnih djela, kao i statistički značajan zajednički doprinos NID-a i osobina ličnosti u predviđanju broja kriminalnih djela. Nalazi potvrđuju vrijednost provedbe Upitnika nepovoljnih iskustava u zatvorskom kontekstu utvrđivanjem povezanosti rezultata s brojem kriminalnih djela, psihijatrijskim poremećajima te osobinama ličnosti što ima značajne implikacije za praksu i daljnja forenzička istraživanja.The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a sample of 496 inmates at Diagnostic Centre of Zagreb Prison, as well as their association with psychopathology and the number of criminal offenses. Additionally, the study will investigate the relationship between ACE-s and personality traits, determine whether ACE-s and personality traits explain significant variance in the number of criminal acts. Sociodemographic variables, the number of criminal offenses, and history of psychopathology were collected and Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised/Adult (EPQ-R/A) were used. Results show that 71.2% of inmates experienced at least one adverse experience, with 30.2% having experienced four or more. Number of ACE-s was statistically significantly and positively correlated with the number of criminal offenses. Groups of addicts, individuals who had received psychiatric treatment and those who have personality disorders were found to have statistically significant more ACE-s than those who were not addicts, had not received psychiatric treatment, and did not have personality disorders. ACE-s were statistically significantly and positively correlated with psychoticism and neuroticism. Furthermore, statistically significant individual contributions of ACE-s and psychoticism were found in explaining the number of criminal offenses, as well as a statistically significant joint contribution of ACE-s and personality traits in predicting the number of criminal offenses. The findings underscore the value of implementing Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire within the prison context by demonstrating its relevance to criminal activity, comorbid disorders, and personality traits. These results have important implications for forensic psychology and open venues for further research
Open access and shadow libraries
No full textPod okriljem pojma „društvene pravde“ u informacijskim znanostima okupljaju se znanstvenici koji se bave područjem kritičkog knjižničarstva. Ovo se područje bavi istraživanjem knjižničarskog rada u teoriji i praksi te dostupnošću akademskog znanja. Pozivajući se na nužnost ravnomjerne distribucije pristupa znanju diljem svijeta, zagovornici „piratskih knjižnica“ ili „knjižnica iz sjene“ ukazuju na različite geografske i/ili klasne nejednakosti koje potiču njihovo korištenje. Kao legalni pandan piratskim knjižnicama formira se i otvoreni pristup u znanosti koji promiče javnu dostupnost publikacija u dogovoru s znanstvenim izdavačima. Navedeni pristupi predstavljeni su u ovom preglednom radu u okviru pripadajućeg historijskog razvoja uz posebni osvrt na recentna istraživanja o nakladničkim oligopolima u znanstvenom izdavaštvu, Hrvatskom planu za otvorenu znanost te apologetskim pristupima piratstvu kao alatu skrbi.The concept of social justice in information science serves as a unifying framework for scholars engaged in the field of critical librarianship. This area critically examines librarianship in both theory and practice, as well as issues related to access to academic knowledge. Advocating for the equitable global distribution of knowledge, proponents of so-called pirate libraries or shadow libraries draw attention to various geographical and/or class disparities that motivate their use. As a legal counterpart to such platforms, the open access movement in scholarly publishing promotes public availability of academic publications in cooperation with scientific publishers. These approaches are discussed in this review paper within their historical contexts, with particular emphasis on recent research concerning publishing oligopolies in academic publishing, the Croatian Open Science Plan, and apologetic perspectives on piracy as a tool of care
A contetnt analysis of Facebook posts by the Samobor Public Library
No full textDiplomski rad usmjeren je na istraživanje komunikacijskih praksi i strategija Gradske knjižnice Samobor na društvenoj mreži Facebook. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati način na koji knjižnica koristi ovu platformu za javnu komunikaciju, promicanje svojih usluga, izgradnju institucionalnog identiteta i ostvarivanje interakcije s korisnicima. Teorijski dio rada obrađuje ulogu knjižnica u digitalnom društvu, komunikaciju s javnošću te značaj društvenih mreža u oblikovanju suvremenih komunikacijskih strategija. Istraživački dio temelji se na kvantitativnoj i kvalitativnoj analizi Facebook objava knjižnice tijekom prve polovice 2025. godine, s naglaskom na vrste i tematiku objava, vizualne i tekstualne elemente te razinu angažmana korisnika. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju potencijal društvenih mreža kao važnog kanala za jačanje vidljivosti i povezivanje knjižnica s lokalnom zajednicom. Doprinos rada očituje se u pružanju uvida u mogućnosti primjene digitalnih komunikacijskih alata u knjižničarskoj praksi te u naglašavanju važnosti društvenih mreža za razvoj participativnog i inkluzivnog pristupa korisnicima.This thesis focuses on the analysis of communication practices and strategies of the Samobor Public Library on the social networking site Facebook. The aim of the research was to examine how the library uses this platform for public communication, the promotion of its services, the construction of institutional identity, and the establishment of interaction with users. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the role of libraries in the digital society, public communication, and the significance of social networks in shaping contemporary communication strategies. The research part is based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the library’s Facebook posts during the first half of 2025, with emphasis on the types and topics of posts, visual and textual elements, and the level of user engagement. The results of the research highlight the potential of social networks as an important channel for strengthening visibility and fostering connections between libraries and the local community. The contribution of this thesis lies in providing insights into the possibilities of applying digital communication tools in library practice and in emphasizing the importance of social networks for the development of a participatory and inclusive approach to users
The representation of libraries and librarians in contemporary literature - from fiction to reality
No full textRad se bavi analizom deset romana suvremene svjetske književnosti čiji su likovi knjižničari, a radnja je nekim svojim dijelom smještena u knjižnicu. U teorijskom dijelu rada daje se prikaz poznatih knjižnica i knjižničara svjetske književnosti te se ukazuje na dugotrajnost i popularnost ove teme. Postavlja se pitanje o percepciji posla knjižničara u svakodnevnom životu te opstanku knjižnica kao institucija u suvremenom, tehnološki razvijenom dobu. U istraživačkom dijelu rada analizira se deset romana suvremene svjetske književnosti te se prikazuje način na koji su dočarani likovi knjižničara, njihove ljudske i profesionalne osobine te kako je prikazan utjecaj knjižničara na živote korisnika. Daje se prikaz rada knjižnica, ukazuje na način njihova poslovanja te se istražuje njihova realističnost. Ukazuje se na pozitivan prikaz knjižnica i knjižničara u suvremenoj literaturi te na korisnost ovakvoga tipa literature, kako za korisnike tako i za knjižničare.This paper examines ten contemporary world literature novels in which librarians are the main characters and in which some parts of the novel’s narrative are set within a library. The theoretical section provides an overview of prominent libraries and librarians in world literature, emphasizing the enduring relevance and popularity of this theme. It also raises questions concerning the perception of the librarian profession in everyday life and the sustainability of libraries as institutions in the modern, technologically advanced era. The research section analyzes ten contemporary novels, focusing on the ways in which librarian characters are depicted, their human and professional characteristics, and the representation of their influence on the lives of library users. Furthermore, the study considers the functioning of libraries, the modes of their operation, and the degree of realism present in their literary portrayals. Particular attention is given to the positive representations of libraries and librarians in contemporary literature, as well as to the potential value of such works for both library users and librarians themselves
The role of archives in long-term preservation of abandonware with special emphasis on videogames
No full textVideoigre se smatraju jednim od najvažnijih medija za zabavu današnjice. Osim medija za zabavu, one čine i značajan dio digitalne baštine koji je potrebno dugoročno očuvati, posebice iz razloga što sve veći broj povijesnih videoigara prestaje biti komercijalno dostupan. Ovaj je diplomski rad imao nekoliko ciljeva. Prvi je cilj bio prikazati teorijski okvir prema kojem su videoigre dio digitalne baštine koji je potrebno dugoročno očuvati. Drugi je cilj bio ukazati na situaciju u kojoj se trenutno nalazi sve veći broj videoigara, koje se zbog svoje nedostupnosti mogu smatrati napuštenim softverom i djelima siročadi. Treći je cilj bio provesti vlastito istraživanje kako bi se ukazalo na načine na koje arhivi, kao i srodne ustanove, organizacije, projekti i inicijative, nastoje riješiti problem sve manje komercijalne dostupnosti videoigara. Zaključci dobiveni istraživanjem ukazuju na to da se arhivi i arhivske zbirke videoigara i popratnog gradiva najčešće nalaze u sklopu drugih baštinskih ustanova i organizacija, kao i da se u njima ne čuvaju samo videoigre, već i igraće konzole, dodaci za igranje, popratno gradivo te časopisi vezani uz videoigre. Također, istraženi arhivi i srodne inicijative koriste razne metode dugoročnog očuvanja, a najčešće metodu očuvanja tehnologije. S obzirom da je cilj većine analiziranih ustanova i inicijativa osigurati mogućnost igranja videoigara i pregledavanja srodnih materijala za hobističke i istraživačke svrhe, može se zaključiti videoigre vide kao kompleksne digitalne objekte čije je očuvanje drugačije od očuvanja drugih vrsta gradiva.Video games are currently considered to be one of the most important entertainment media in the world. Video games, however, are not only an entertainment medium, but also an important part of digital heritage which needs to be preserved, especially because of an increasing number of commercially unavailable historical video games. This thesis had multiple goals. The first goal was to showcase the theoretical framework according to which video games are a part of digital heritage which needs to be preserved. The second goal was to highlight the situation in which an increasing number of unavailable video games can be viewed as abandonware and orphan works. The third goal was to conduct research in order to showcase ways in which archives, together with other related institutions, organisations, projects and initiatives, aim to solve the problem of games becoming commercially unavailable. The research provided many important findings. One of the findings is that archives and archival collections are usually held as part of other heritage institutions and organisations, and that these archives and archival collections consist of not only games, but also gaming consoles, accessories, magazines and other materials related to video games. Moreover, the researched archives and other related initiatives use various long-term preservation methods, with technological preservation being used the most often. Since most of these institutions and initiatives aim to make video games available to play and keep other related materials, it can be concluded that they see video games as complex digital objects whose preservation has different requirements than preservation of different kinds of materials
The representation of the Croatian digitised collection in Europeana
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se analizom zastupljenosti hrvatske digitalizirane građe u Europeani – europskoj digitalnoj knjižnici kulturne baštine. U prvom dijelu rada objašnjen je razvoj digitalnih knjižnica i važnost standardizacije metapodataka, s posebnim naglaskom na razvoj Europeane te ulogu agregatora eKultura.hr. U analitičkom dijelu, korištenjem Europeana API-ja i Metis Statistics Dashboarda provedena je kvantitativna analiza doprinosa hrvatskih institucija, pri čemu su izdvojeni najznačajniji data provideri. Također je provedena kvalitativna, tematska i medijska analiza sadržaja, kao i prikaz korisničkog iskustva na portalu Europeana. Rezultati pokazuju stabilan rast hrvatske prisutnosti u Europeani te važnu ulogu eKulture u osiguravanju vidljivosti nacionalne baštine na europskoj razini.This thesis examines the representation of Croatian digitised heritage materials in Europeana – the European digital library for cultural heritage. The first part of the paper outlines the development of digital libraries and the importance of metadata standardisation, with a particular focus on the evolution of Europeana and the role of the national aggregator eKultura.hr. The analytical section presents a quantitative analysis of the contributions made by Croatian institutions, using data obtained through the Europeana API and the Metis Statistics Dashboard, highlighting the most significant data providers. In addition, the study includes a qualitative, thematic and media-type analysis of the content, as well as an overview of the user experience on the Europeana portal. The results indicate a steady growth in the presence of Croatian content in Europeana and underscore the key role of eKultura in enhancing the visibility of national heritage on a European level
Prikaz crkve u dvije novele Giovannija Verge
No full textLa tesi analizza la rappresentazione della chiesa in due novelle di Giovanni Verga, Il reverendo e Il mistero, estratte dalla raccolta Novelle rusticane. Dopo aver contestualizzato il ruolo della chiesa siciliana nel periodo postunitario e descritto lo sviluppo del verismo, la ricerca si concentra sull’immagine dell’istituzione ecclesiastica e dei suoi membri nelle novelle menzionate. Nella prima, il protagonista incarna l’ipocrisia e la corruzione del clero, dedito al potere e al prestigio sociale più che alla fede, mentre il narratore eterodiegetico mette in risalto la distanza tra religione e realtà popolare. Nella seconda, invece, la religiosità collettiva si manifesta nella sacra rappresentazione della Fuga in Egitto, trasformata in uno strumento volto a ottenere vantaggi materiali. La comunità religiosa, dominata da conflitti e contraddizioni, rivela la strumentalizzazione del sacro e l’incapacità della chiesa di garantire valori 18 morali autentici. Le due novelle, accomunate dall’ironia critica di Verga, mostrano la crisi dell’istituzione religiosa nella Sicilia postunitaria, ridotta a meccanismo sociale di controllo e corruzione affinché possa sopravvivere.Rad analizira prikaz crkve u dvjema novelama Giovannija Verge, Il reverendo i Il mistero, preuzetima iz zbirke Novelle rusticane. Nakon što se kontekstualizira uloga sicilijanske crkve u razdoblju nakon ujedinjenja i opisuje razvoj verizma, istraživanje se usredotočuje na sliku crkvene institucije i njezinih članova opisanu u dvjema novelama. U prvoj protagonist utjelovljuje licemjerje i korupciju klera, posvećenog moći i društvenom prestižu više nego vjeri, dok heterodijegetski pripovjedač naglašava udaljenost između religije i narodne stvarnosti. U drugoj noveli, pak, kolektivna religioznost očituje se u pučkom uprizorenju biblijskoga Bijega u Egipat, pretvorenom u sredstvo za postizanje materijalnih koristi. U vjerskoj zajednici, obilježenoj sukobima i proturječnostima, otkriva se instrumentalizacija svetoga i nesposobnost crkve da jamči izvorne moralne vrijednosti. Dvije novele, povezane Verginom kritičkom ironijom, prikazuju krizu vjerske institucije na Siciliji u razdoblju nakon ujedinjenja, koja se svodi na društveni mehanizam kontrole i korupcije kako bi mogla preživjeti
Debate as a Teaching Method: A Rhetorical and Library-Information Approach
No full textDiplomski rad Debata kao nastavna metoda: retorički i knjižnično-informacijski pristup predstavlja analizu debate kao suvremenu nastavnu metodu koja povezuje retoričke teorije, postojeću nastavu Govorništva i rad školskog knjižničara kroz knjižnično-informacijski i medijski odgoj i obrazovanje. Naglasak je na kompetenciji stručnih suradnika knjižničara koji u školama mogu provoditi debatnu metodu u radu s učenicima kroz aktivnosti knjižnice, ali i kroz nastavu. Posebna se pozornost posvećuje usustavljenim debatnim formatima kao modelima prema kojima se mogu stvarati planovi u nastavi i radu s učenicima. Kombinacijom retoričkog i knjižnično-informacijskog pristupa prikazuju se načini na koje debata potiče aktivno slušanje, analizu izvora, kritičko vrednovanje te potiče učenike na aktivno promišljanje o stavovima. Debata se prikazuje kao fleksibilan i kvalitetan način učenja jer razvija jezične kompetencije, informacijsku i komunikacijsku pismenost, toleranciju, demokratičnost, timski rad, ali i osposobljava učenike na interdisciplinarnu primjenu znanja, cjeloživotno učenje i aktivno građanstvo. U obrazovnom procesu prikazana je kao metoda koja povezuje vještine, ciljeve i kompetencije učenika kroz različite obrazovne segmente. S obzirom na veliki naglasak primjene već stečenog znanja i kvalitete pristupa informacijama, debata je također veoma povezana s ciljevima knjižnično-informacijskog i medijskog odgoja i obrazovanja. U okviru rada predstavljena je i uloga školskog knjižničara kao informacijskog stručnjaka koji može pomoći nastavnicima, ali i samostalno ostvaruje određene nastavne ciljeve u radu s učenicima. Pomaže učenicima u postizanju njihovih informacijskih i medijskih kompetencija, ali ih kroz rad potiče u savladavanju i integraciji međupredmetnih sadržaja u svoj obrazovni proces. Objašnjeno je zašto je upravo knjižničar taj koji može primjenom debatnih metoda pomoći u provedbi predstavljenih ciljeva i potaknuti učenike na stvaranje određenih kompetencija. Na temelju kurikula Hrvatskog jezika, Govorništva i međupredmetnih tema predloženi su konkretni primjeri korištenja debatnih metoda u nastavnoj praksi i prilagodbi debatnih formata vremenskim ograničenjima, potrebama i mogućnostima obrazovnog sustava.Master’s Thesis Debate as a Teaching Method: A Rhetorical and Library-Information Approach analyzes debate as a contemporary teaching method that integrates rhetorical theories, existing Public Speaking instruction and the work of the school librarian through library-information and media education. The emphasis is placed onto competence of the school librarian as a professional associate who is able to implement the debating method with students through not only library activities but also within classroom teaching. Particular attention is devoted to systematized debate formats as models on the basis of which lesson plans and activities with students can be developed. By combining rhetorical and library-information approaches, the thesis demonstrates the ways in which debate encourages students to engage actively with different viewpoints while fostering active listening, source analysis and critical evaluation. Debate is presented as a flexible and high-quality mode of learning, as it develops language competence, information and communication literacy, tolerance, democratic values and teamwork, while also enabling students to apply this knowledge in other subjects, engage in lifelong learning and practice active citizenship. Within the educational process, it is depicted as a method that links a student’s skills, objectives and competence across multiple educational segments. Given its strong emphasis on applying previously acquired knowledge and on quality access to information, debate is also closely related to the objectives of library-information and media education. Throughout the text, the role of the school librarian is presented as that of an information specialist who can not only support teachers, but also independently achieve specific teaching objectives when working with students. The librarian assists students in developing their information and media competence and, through such work, encourages them to master and integrate cross-curricular content into their own educational process. The thesis explains why it is precisely the librarian who, by applying debating methods, can contribute to the implementation of the stated objectives and stimulate students to develop a particular competence. Based on the curriculum of Croatian Language, Public Speaking and cross-curricular topics, concrete examples are proposed for the use of debating methods in teaching practice and for the adaptation of debate formats to time constraints, needs and possibilities of the educational system