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Digitalization of cultural heritage : a comparative analysis of e-Kultura and similar projects
No full textProjekt „e-Kultura: digitalizacija kulturne baštine“ hrvatski je nacionalni digitalizacijski projekt napravljen po uzoru na slične europske i međunarodne projekte sa ciljem digitizacije i digitalnog očuvanja baštine, ali i prezentacije raznolikog baštinskog sadržaja za dobrobit svih korisnika. Cilj ovog rada je evaluirati funkcionalnosti i prezentaciju sadržaja portala e-Kultura te ga usporediti sa srodnim nacionalnim digitalizacijskim projektima kako bi se identificirali ključni uspjesi, nedostaci te potencijalni koraci za unapređenje projekta. Analiza kontekstualizira tehničke aspekte digitalizacije, ulogu agregatora digitalne baštine, analizira prezentaciju, povezanost i raznolikost sadržaja, te evaluira pristupačnost sadržaja za korisnike portala. Istraživanje je pokazalo da portal e-Kultura ravnopravno prati inozemne primjere u donosu na digitalizaciju kulturne baštine, dizajn, strukturu portala, prezentaciju te pojedinih funkcionalnosti poput virtualnih izložbi te alata za pretraživanje i pohranu sadržaja. Glavne razlike između projekta e-Kultura i sličnih projekata se nalaze u manjim, kreativnim rješenjima jedinstvenim za svaki portal. Glavni nedostatci projekta su manjak raznolikost sadržaja i jedinstvenih kreativnih načina prezentacije te ograničena jezična pristupačnost za strane korisnike zbog nepostojanja sveobuhvatnih prijevoda i mogućnosti pretraživanja na engleskom jeziku, što je problem koji dijeli i sa mnogim drugim projektima u sklopu analize. Portal e-Kultura pokazuje obećavajući početak za nacionalni digitalizacijski projekt i daje naznake kontinuiranog rada i unapređenja. Projekt mora uzeti inspiraciju od sličnih projekata i održavati kontinuirani rad kako omogućio razvoj raznolikog, interaktivnog i kreativnog sadržaja za svoje korisnike te dugoročnu vidljivost i pristup kulturnoj baštini.The project "e-Kultura: digitalization of cultural heritage" is a Croatian national digitalization project modelled after similar European and international projects with the aim of digitizing and digitally preserving cultural heritage items, as well as presenting diverse heritage content for the benefit of all users. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the functionalities and presentation of the content on the e-Kultura portal and compare it with similar national digitalization projects in order to identify key successes, shortcomings and potential steps for improvement. The analysis contextualizes the technical aspects of digitalization, the role of digital heritage aggregators, analyses the presentation, interconnectedness and diversity of content, as well as evaluating the accessibility of content for portal users. The paper finds that the e-Kultura portal follows contemporary examples in relation to the digitalization of cultural heritage, design principles, portal structure, presentation and individual functionalities such as virtual exhibitions and tools for searching and storing content. The main
differences between e-Kultura and similar projects are found in smaller, creative solutions unique to each portal. The main shortcomings of the project are the lack of content diversity and unique creative presentation solutions, as well as the language barrier for foreign users due to the lack of comprehensive translations and searching capabilities in English, a problem shared with many of the other projects in this analysis. The e-Kultura portal shows a promising start for a national digitalization project and shows clear signs of continued work and improvement. The project must take inspiration from similar projects and maintain continuous work to enable the development of diverse, interactive and creative content for its users and long-term visibility and access to cultural heritage
The Round Fortified Tower in the Architecture of Northwestern Croatia (16th–18th Century): Origin, Function, Symbolism
No full textCilindrične obrambene strukture prisutne su u europskoj fortifikacijskoj arhitekturi od vremena Križarskih ratova, a u XV. stoljeću dosežu vrhunac u formi rondela, preteče bastionskog sustava obrane. Kao odgovor na Osmansku prijetnju, u prvoj polovici XVI. stoljeća afirmiraju se i u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj u formi cilindričnih kuli. One predstavljaju lokalnu prilagodbu srednjovjekovne fortifikacije uvjetima borbe s vatrenim oružjem prije uvođenja bastionskog sustava obrane, ali se ne mogu u potpunosti izjednačiti s rondelima, osobito talijanskima, kako tvrde raniji autori. Prestankom osmanske opasnosti krajem XVII. stoljeća, cilindrične kule postupno gube svoju obrambenu funkciju te se transformiraju u dio dvorskih rezidencija. Tijekom XVIII. stoljeća dobivaju i simboličku ulogu, evocirajući feudalnu moć i povijesni kontinuitet, što je vidljivo u njihovoj prisutnosti na novoizgrađenim dvorcima i cinktorima. Zaključno, razvoj cilindričnih kula u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj odražava šire društvene i političke promjene – od njihove obrambene funkcije u XVI. stoljeću do barokne simbolike u XVIII. stoljeću. Njihova je evolucija rezultat specifičnih povijesnih okolnosti, čime postaju važan element kulturnog krajolika regije.Round defensive structures had been a significant feature of European fortifications since the Crusades, reaching their peak by the late 15th century in the form of roundels. In the first half of the 16th century, round fortified towers became a prominent element of castles and fortresses in northwestern Croatia, primarily in response to the Ottoman threat. These 16th-century towers represent a local adaptation of earlier medieval round towers to the evolving demands of gunpowder warfare, predating the widespread adoption of the bastion defense system. As such, they cannot be fully equated with the roundels found elsewhere in Europe, particularly in Italy, as often suggested by earlier scholars. As the Ottoman threat diminished by the late 17th century, round towers gradually lost their defensive function and were integrated into the architectural fabric of castles as they transformed into manorial estates. In the 18th century, they assumed a symbolic role, representing feudal authority and historical continuity, as evidenced by their presence in newly constructed noble residences and as components of "fortified" churches. In conclusion, the development of round fortified towers in northwestern Croatia reflects broader social and political shifts—from their defensive function in the 16th century to their symbolic significance in the Baroque period. Their evolution is shaped by specific historical circumstances, making them an integral element of the region’s cultural landscape
Prijevod s komentarima s naglaskom na jednak učinak na čitatelje ciljnog teksta
No full textThis thesis comprises five translations with commentary. Excerpts from three books were
translated from English into Croatian (Skyfaring: A Journey with a Pilot, On Freedom, The
Great Hippopotamus Hotel), and two from Croatian into English (Mali i Levijatan, Priča sa
zapadne strane: Tipologija srednjebrončanodobnog keramičkog materijala s prostora
zapadne Slavonije). The commentary focused on the translator’s aim to produce equivalent
effect with the target text reader. As the commentary explains, translation choices were
shaped by a combination of audience awareness, text type, and the goal of maintaining
equivalence of effect.Ovaj diplomski rad donosi prijevode pet tekstova s komentarima. Prevedena su tri ulomka iz
knjiga s engleskog na hrvatski (Skyfaring: A Journey with a Pilot, On Freedom, The Great
Hippopotamus Hotel) i dva ulomka s hrvatskog na engleski (Mali i Levijatan, Priča sa
zapadne strane: Tipologija srednjebrončanodobnog keramičkog materijala s prostora
zapadne Slavonije). Komentari su usmjereni na postizanje jednakog učinka kod čitatelja
ciljnog teksta. Kako komentari pojašnjavaju, na prijevodne odluke utjecali su faktori poput
osviještenosti o publici, tipu teksta i želje da se postigne jednak učinak
Kognitivnolingvistički pristup poučavanju modalnih glagola u nastavi engleskog kao stranog jezika: analiza udžbenika
No full textModality and modal verbs are known for their complexity and as a result present a considerable challenge to EFL learners. That is why this study deals with how modal verbs are presented in textbooks used in Croatian high schools and how teaching modals can be improved by using a cognitive linguistic approach. Six textbooks were analysed using a qualitative method concentrating on content presentation, exercises and grammar references. The discussion highlights positive and negative features of these three elements by taking a cognitive linguistic perspective with emphasis on strategic construal, the rule/list fallacy and deductive/inductive teaching. The results indicate that some aspects of the analysed textbooks could be improved to encourage strategic thinking, deep processing and the development of learning strategies, but that there are also exercises that align with the basic cognitive linguistic principles. The conclusion offers several recommendations for improving teaching modal verbs, largely by using and expanding the content and material already available in textbooks.Modalnost i modalni glagoli poznati su po svojoj složenosti i kao takvi predstavljaju značajan izazov za učenike engleskog kao stranog jezika. Zato se ovo istraživanje bavi time kako su modalni glagoli predstavljeni u udžbenicima koji se koriste u hrvatskim srednjim školama i kako se poučavanje modalnih glagola može poboljšati korištenjem kognitivnolingvističkog pristupa. Šest udžbenika analizirano je kvalitativnom metodom usmjerenom na prezentaciju sadržaja, vježbe i gramatičke reference. Rasprava ističe pozitivne i negativne značajke ova tri elementa uzimajući kognitivnolingvističku perspektivu s naglaskom na strateško kostruiranje značenja, zabludu vezanu uz pravila naprama popisu te deduktivno/induktivno poučavanje. Rezultati pokazuju da bi se neki aspekti analiziranih udžbenika mogli poboljšati kako bi se potaknulo strateško razmišljanje, dubinska obrada i razvoj strategija učenja, ali i da postoje vježbe koje su u skladu s osnovnim kognitivnolingvističkim načelima. Zaključak nudi nekoliko preporuka za poboljšanje poučavanja modalnih glagola, uglavnom korištenjem i proširivanjem sadržaja i materijala koji su već dostupni u udžbenicima
New features of interviews in prime time television news in Croatia during the coronavirus pandemic
No full textNovinarski intervju jedan je od najvažnijih oblika novinarskog izražavanja, ali i oblika javne komunikacije izabranih sugovornika. U novinarstvu pitanja se postavljaju s točno određenim ciljem i svrhom kako bi se otkrilo korisne i zanimljive činjenice, dobilo ideje, tvrdnje, gledišta, ali i privuklo ili predstavilo važne, relevantne i zanimljive sugovornike, također, dobilo i mozaik informacija čime, bilo da je intervju samostalan oblik ili forma, bilo da upotpunjuje ostale novinarske oblike, obogaćuje medijski sadržaj.
Cilj je ove doktorske disertacije istražiti promjene u učestalosti, formi i sadržaju televizijskog intervjua u 2020., pandemijskoj godini u odnosu na 2019., neposredno prije pandemije, u dnevnim središnjim informativnim emisijama triju nacionalnih televizija. Prva pandemijska godina, naime, značajno je utjecala na dotadašnje redakcijske prakse, zbog djelomičnog i potpunog zatvaranja zemlje te epidemioloških pravila, što je i glavni razlog promjena u strukturi i novinarskim oblicima od kojih se dnevne središnje informativne emisije sastoje.
Istraživanje je provedeno metodom kvantitativne i kvalitativne analize sadržaja televizijskih informativnih emisija na dvije komercijalne televizije (RTL i Nova TV) i na javnoj televiziji (HTV) pri čemu se analiziralo jesu li i kako izvanredne okolnosti, kao što je pandemija koronavirusa u Hrvatskoj, utjecale na frekventnost i obilježja dotadašnjeg izvještavanja u dnevnim središnjim informativnim emisijama.
Ukupno je analizirano 210 emisija od siječnja do prosinca 2019. i 2020. Rezultati analize pokazali su da je u 2020. glavna tema pandemija, ali da su i ostale dominantne teme obrađene u kontekstu pandemije za razliku od 2019. kada je dominantna tema bila unutarnja politika, i to u istom postotku kao i COVID-19 u pandemijskoj godini.
Istraživanje je pokazalo i da su najčešći oblici izvještavanja bili izvještaji i intervjui pri čemu je u pandemijskoj godini bilo manje izvještaja u odnosu na 2019., a dijelom je povećan broj intervjua u odnosu na godinu prije, ponajprije zbog lockdowna. Zanimljivo je pritom, kako pokazuje istraživanje, da je u 2020. učestaliji i hibridni oblik televizijskog izvještavanja – javljanje uživo radi intervjua u odnosu na godinu prije, jer je to bio jedan od najefikasnijih načina da se u novim okolnostima dođe do novih informacija i dodatnih objašnjenja događaja i tema.The journalistic interview is a vital form of journalistic expression and a key medium for public communication with selected interlocutors. In journalism, questions are posed with specific goals and purposes: to uncover useful and interesting facts, generate ideas, present viewpoints, and attract or highlight significant and engaging interlocutors. Whether as a standalone format or complementing other journalistic forms, interviews enrich media content by providing a mosaic of information.
This doctoral dissertation examines changes in the frequency, format, and content of television interviews during the pandemic year of 2020 compared to 2019, the year preceding the pandemic. The focus is on the central daily news programs of three national television networks. The pandemic's first year significantly altered editorial practices due to partial and full lockdowns and epidemiological restrictions, leading to notable changes in the structure and forms of journalism featured in central news programs.
The research employs quantitative and qualitative content analysis of central news programs on two commercial networks (RTL and Nova TV) and the public broadcaster (HTV). It investigates whether and how extraordinary circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia, affected the frequency and characteristics of reporting in these news programs. A total of 210 programs, spanning January to December in 2019 and 2020, were analyzed. The results show that the dominant topic in 2020 was the pandemic, while other significant topics were often framed within its context. In contrast, the dominant topic in 2019 was domestic politics, which accounted for the same percentage of coverage as COVID-19 in the pandemic year.
The study also found that the most common reporting formats were news reports and interviews. In 2020, the number of news reports decreased compared to 2019, while the frequency of interviews slightly increased, primarily due to lockdown conditions. Interestingly, as the research indicates, 2020 saw a notable increase in the use of hybrid television reporting formats—specifically live reporting for interviews—compared to the previous year. This approach emerged as one of the most effective ways to gather new information and provide additional explanations of events and topics under the new circumstances. In Croatia's pandemic experience, news content was produced within newsrooms operating under altered conditions and strict epidemiological measures. Newsroom workflows were reorganized, with teams working under reduced resources, making it impossible to produce reports in their previous scope and format. During the lockdown, statements from contributors for news reports were recorded using platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Skype. Statements from citizens, meanwhile, were recorded from balconies, windows, or other locations that ensured sufficient physical distance.
Changes in news production during the pandemic year were reflected in shifts in television journalistic formats, as revealed by the quantitative content analysis. Overall, significant changes in the frequency of interviews were identified, along with several specific characteristics:
1) Topics – Given that 2020 was predominantly a pandemic year, the main topic of coverage was unsurprisingly COVID-19. In contrast, the primary focus in 2019 was domestic national politics, accounting for as much as 40% of the total coverage.
2) Increased representation of interviews and live reporting in headlines – the results show that during the pandemic year, television networks more frequently and clearly announced interviews, interlocutors, and the journalists conducting them in live reports compared to 2019. This reflects the heightened importance placed on these formats in 2020.
3) New interlocutors – the pandemic introduced an entirely new group of interlocutors and communicators, including numerous previously unknown figures such as doctors, epidemiologists, immunologists, seismologists, and scientists. Additionally, representatives from various walks of life—hospitality workers, small business owners, farmers, entrepreneurs, artists, and athletes—were featured, as the pandemic disrupted or significantly hindered their daily work and lives.
4) Interview locations during the pandemic due to the restricted functioning of newsrooms – the majority of interviews were conducted in the field, at outdoor locations: more than 60% in 2020 compared to 40% in 2019. Studio interviews were most frequently held on Dnevnik 2 on HTV (Croatian National Television), which had the most suitable conditions, primarily due to the size of the studio and its separation from the newsroom.
We specifically observed particular features in live reporting. Notably, journalists more frequently reported live exclusively for interviews, which emerged as a crucial journalistic format during this period. Live reporting was also more justified in 2020 compared to 2019. An interesting trend was the monthly fluctuation in live reporting for interviews during the pandemic year. The percentage increased during lockdowns, when access to television studios was restricted, dropped in the summer as epidemiological measures eased, and rose again in the fall and winter as infection rates climbed.
The study also identified differences between commercial networks (Nova TV and RTL) and the public broadcaster (HTV). During the peak months of the pandemic, Nova TV and RTL conducted more live interviews overall, especially as part of live reporting, compared to HTV. Nova TV had the highest number of live reports for interviews, nearly 65%. In the comparative year, 2019, Dnevnik 2 and RTL Danas were dominated by live reporting compared to interviews and live reports for interviews. In contrast, Dnevnik Nova TV had nearly 62% of its live reports dedicated to interviews, while HTV had 27% and RTL 37%.
The research confirmed three hypotheses: H1: The pandemic increased the frequency of interviews in central news programs. H2: Extraordinary circumstances statistically increased the use of hybrid formats, particularly live reporting for interviews. H3: National television networks emphasized interviews in their headlines more during the pandemic than before.
The news programs of all three television networks largely reported on current and engaging topics during the pandemic through interviews, either in studio formats or as part of live reporting. In addition to traditional live reporting, characterized by journalists delivering new information from the scene of an ongoing or recent event, a hybrid journalistic format—live reporting for interviews—became more frequent and significant, primarily due to epidemiological measures. During lockdowns, when interlocutors were unable to visit television studios, many interviews were conducted at outdoor locations, enabled by technological solutions. In live reporting, the primary role of the journalist appearing on camera is to convey unfolding events or those that have just occurred, provide the latest information about a specific event, analyze, and capture the atmosphere (Perišin, 2010). The inclusion of interlocutors in live reporting added significant value, especially in the context of the crisis. Technology and the development of the internet today allow for live broadcasts from any location with a stable internet connection, which proved indispensable under pandemic conditions. Overall, this study highlights the irreplaceable role of television in covering large scale events. Its fundamental value—"live television"—was especially evident during the pandemic through daily live broadcasts of press conferences by the National Security Headquarters and the timely dissemination of information via interviews and live reports in news programs.
Journalists conducting live reports for interviews served as crucial intermediaries between the television studio (and the news program host) and the interviewee. Typically, the journalist does not introduce new information or atmosphere themselves but instead asks or reiterates questions from the host and follows up with additional questions. Sometimes, these interviews do not yield new information; rather, they serve to fill airtime or demonstrate the network's technical capabilities (Cushion & Lewis, 2010; Perišin, 2010). However, during the pandemic year, such live reporting was justified, as interlocutors became an essential part of the content in central news programs. While the qualitative analysis of six selected interviews during the pandemic year showed that all achieved their objectives, providing new information and perspectives, there remains room for improvement in the substance and conceptualization of interviews.
All the selected interviews fulfilled their purpose and objectives, providing new information and perspectives through the conversations. None of the interviews were conducted merely to fill airtime. Journalists demonstrated significant skill in asking the right questions and showed an understanding of the strategy behind the first question, which is crucial for the flow and success of the entire interview.
However, one notable shortcoming in television interviewing was the introduction of interviewees, including their names and titles. In many of the interviews analyzed quantitatively, journalists failed to mention who they were speaking with, instead deferring to phrases like "our guest will address this" or referring to the individual by first name, last name, or general terms like "Mr." or "Ms." without further context. This issue was also apparent in two interviews examined qualitatively, where the interviewees were only addressed as "Ms." or "Mr." followed by their first name, with no additional details provided.
Another area for improvement is the use of language and speech. Common issues include reliance on foreign words, colloquialisms, and jargon. While many questions were substantively on track, they often lacked proper grammatical structure in Croatian.
Another area for improvement is the use of language and speech. Common issues include reliance on foreign words, colloquialisms, and jargon. While many questions were substantively on track, they often lacked proper grammatical structure in Croatian.
The most important aspect for journalists in Croatia to focus on in television interviews is constructiveness. Even when events carry negative informational factors, these do not need to dominate the narrative from beginning to end. This is echoed by the audience, who expect higher-quality content from the media, as shown by the public perception survey conducted as part of the Jourlab project (2021). Constructive journalism provides a partial answer to audience expectations. Tena Perišin and Nikola Šimić (2020) found that when events contain elements of negativity, these do not need to dominate the narrative from beginning to end, and interviews can play a crucial role in addressing this. Their research in Scandinavian countries revealed that journalists advocating for constructive journalism consider fairer and more thoughtful interview questions a key step forward in enhancing the quality of journalism as a whole (Perišin & Šimić, 2020, p. 207).
In conclusion, this study introduces a novel methodological approach to examining the concept of interviews within central television news programs—a topic previously unexplored in Croatia. The scientific contribution of this work lies in the use of both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis for the first time, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the significance of television interviews as a segment of news programs. The research findings will enhance scientific understanding of the characteristics of this journalistic genre and the role of interviews in news programs. Additionally, they address the question of how interviews, as part of a broadcast, contribute to the creation of media content. Along with its academic value, the results will also have practical applications in journalistic practice
Representations of Youth in Drama Works by Marin Držić
No full textU ovome diplomskom radu ispituju se i tumače predodžbe o mladenaštvu kao zasebnom životnom razdoblju u okviru ljudskoga životnog ciklusa u ranome novom vijeku. Odabrani dramski tekstovi ("Novela od Stanca", "Dundo Maroje", "Skup") dubrovačkog pisca Marina Držića poslužili su kao povijesni izvori iz kojih su iščitane i protumačene reprezentacije mladenaštva kao kulturno i društveno konstruiranog životnog razdoblja u šesnaestostoljetnom Dubrovniku. Dakle, književnoumjetničkim se tekstovima pristupilo kao povijesnim izvorima iz analitičko-interpretativne perspektive historijske antropologije, historijske imagologije i kulturne historije. Pritom su se spomenuta dramska djela relacijski ispitivala na intertekstualnoj i kontekstualnoj razini.
U prvome dijelu diplomskog rada ukazuje se na društvene, političke i kulturne procese kojima generacijska pripadnost istodobno strukturira društvo i proizvod je društvenih struktura. Ističu se pojedine društvene norme i društvena očekivanja koja su utjecala na predodžbe o prijelazima iz djetinjstva u mladenaštvo, kao i iz mladenaštva u odraslost u europskim kulturama ranoga novog vijeka. Analiza Držićevih tekstova pokazala je da se iz njih može iščitati renesansni imaginarij o mladenaštvu koji počiva na humanističkim učenjima proisteklim iz ponovnog otkrića antičke književnosti i filozofije, ali i imaginarij o mladenaštvu koji je nastao prožimanjem gradske i seoske kulture, odnosno pisane i usmene kulture u Dubrovačkoj Republici 16. stoljeća. Na temelju odabranih izvora ispituju se predodžbe o kulturnim praksama i obrascima ponašanja mladenačke dobne skupine u renesansnome dubrovačkom društvu. Rad problematizira razne čimbenike koji su utjecali na stvaranje vrlo složenih i proturječnih autopredodžbi i heteropredodžbi o mladeži, naglašavajući različita iskustva mladenaštva koja su proizlazila iz rodnog i staleškog identiteta pojedinca.
Reprezentacije mladenaštva u Držićevim djelima dosad nisu analizirane iz historijsko-antropološke perspektive, stoga ovaj diplomski rad svojim pristupom i analizom književnih tekstova kao povijesnih izvora nastoji podjednako pridonijeti povijesti književnosti i historijskoj znanosti.This thesis questions and interprets the representations of youth as a separate life period within the human life cycle in the early modern period. Selected dramatic texts (Novela od Stanca, Dundo Maroje, Skup) by the Dubrovnik writer Marin Držić served as historical sources from which the representations of youth as a culturally and socially constructed period of life in 16th century Dubrovnik were read and interpreted. Thus, literary-artistic texts are approached as historical sources from an analytical-interpretative perspective of historical anthropology, historical imagology, and cultural history. In doing so, the mentioned dramatic works were examined relationally on both intertextual and contextual levels.
The first part of the thesis addresses the social, political and cultural processes through which generational affiliation simultaneously structures society and is the product of social structures. It highlights certain social norms and social expectations that influenced perceptions of transitions from childhood to youth, as well as from youth to adulthood in European cultures of the early modern age. The analysis of Držić’s texts revealed that they reflect a Renaissance imaginary of youth, grounded in humanistic teachings derived from the rediscovery of classical literature and philosophy, as well as an imaginary of youth shaped by the interweaving of urban and rural culture, that is, written and oral culture in the Dubrovnik Republic of the 16th century. Based on selected sources, the thesis examines representations of cultural practices and behavioral patterns of the youthful age group in the Renaissance Dubrovnik society. The paper problematizes various factors that have influenced the creation of very complex and contradictory autoperceptions and heteroperceptions of youth, emphasizing the diverse experiences of youthfulness arising from the gender and class identity of the individual.
Representations of youth in Držić's works have not been analyzed so far from a historical-anthropological perspective, therefore this thesis tries to equally contribute to the history of literature and historical science with its approach and analysis of literary texts as historical sources
Cataloguing monographs with RDA
No full textOvaj rad bavi se katalogizacijom omeđenih publikacija u skladu s pravilnikom RDA (Resource Description and Access). U uvodnom dijelu predstavljen je povijesni razvoj RDA, s posebnim naglaskom na njegovu povezanost s prethodnim pravilnikom AACR2 te s konceptualnim modelima koje je razvila IFLA, prvenstveno modelima FRBR, FRAD te IFLA LRM. Analizirana je struktura pravilnika i ključni podatkovni elementi relevantni za izradu bibliografskih zapisa tiskanih omeđenih publikacija. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na novi RDA Toolkit kao suvremenu mrežnu platformu za primjenu pravila u digitalnom okruženju. U završnom dijelu rada prikazani su primjeri iz kataloga nacionalnih knjižnica Australije i SAD-a, čime je ilustrirana konkretna primjena RDA pravila u MARC21 formatu.This thesis examines the cataloguing of monographic publications according to the RDA (Resource Description and Access) standard. The first part provides a brief historical overview of RDA's development, emphasizing its foundation in AACR2 and its alignment with conceptual models developed by IFLA, especially FRBR, FRAD and IFLA LRM models. This paper analyses the structure of the RDA standard and the data elements relevant for creating bibliographic records for printed monographs. Special attention is given to the new RDA Toolkit as a modern, web-based platform supporting rule application in digital environments. The final part presents selected examples from the catalogues of the National Library of Australia and the Library of Congress in order to demonstrate the practical implementation of RDA rules in the MARC21 format
Izazovi i uspjesi: Učenje engleskog jezika kod učenika s oštećenjem vida (studija slučaja)
No full textThis case study examines the motivation, learning strategies, and educational experiences of four visually impaired students (VISs) learning English as a foreign language in a specialized school for the blind in Croatia. Employing a qualitative approach, the study utilizes questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to explore what motivates VISs to learn English, the learning strategies they most often use or avoid, and how they perceive their educational experiences in a specialized school in comparison to inclusive classroom settings. The study addresses a research gap regarding VISs' perspectives on language learning in the context of Croatia. The results reveal a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors, various learning strategies employed by VISs, and insights into the perceived advantages and challenges of special versus inclusive education. This study offers important insights to guide educational practices and policies for supporting VISs in language learning, despite its limited generalizability due to the small sample size. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of a supportive learning environment, individualized teaching approaches, and the teacher's role not only as an educator but as a source of motivation. The findings highlight the value of individualized teaching strategies, encouraging classroom settings, and teachers' vital role in motivating and inspiring VISs.Ova studija slučaja istražuje motivaciju, strategije učenja i obrazovna iskustva četvero učenika s oštećenjem vida koji uče engleski jezik kao strani jezik u specijaliziranoj školi za slijepe u Hrvatskoj. Primjenjujući kvalitativni pristup, istraživanje se temelji na upitnicima i polustrukturiranim intervjuima s ciljem ispitivanja idućeg: što motivira učenike s oštećenjem vida na učenje engleskog jezika, koje strategije učenja najčešće koriste ili izbjegavaju te kako doživljavaju svoja obrazovna iskustva u specijaliziranoj školi u usporedbi s onima u inkluzivnim razrednim okruženjima. Studija nastoji popuniti prazninu u postojećoj literaturi koja se odnosi na nedovoljno istražene perspektive učenika s oštećenjem vida o učenju jezika u Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na složenu međuovisnost unutarnjih i vanjskih motivacijskih čimbenika, raznolikost strategija učenja koje učenici primjenjuju te pružaju uvid u percipirane prednosti i izazove specijaliziranog u odnosu na inkluzivno obrazovanje. Iako je mogućnost generalizacije ograničena zbog malog uzorka, ovo istraživanje nudi vrijedne spoznaje koje mogu poslužiti kao smjernice za unaprjeđenje obrazovne prakse i oblikovanje obrazovnih politika usmjerenih na pružanje učinkovite podrške učenicima s oštećenjem vida u procesu usvajanja stranog jezika. Nadalje, istraživanje naglašava važnost podržavajućeg obrazovnog okruženja, individualiziranih pristupa poučavanju te uloge nastavnika ne samo kao edukatora, već i kao izvora motivacije. Dobiveni rezultati potvrđuju vrijednost individualiziranih nastavnih strategija, poticajnog razrednog ozračja i ključnu ulogu nastavnika u motiviranju i osnaživanju učenika s oštećenjem vida
Psychological Effects of Participation in a Recreational Latin American Dance Program Among Female Participants with Varying Dance Experience
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati promjene u indikatorima pozitivnog (zadovoljstvo tijelom i samopoštovanje) i negativnog (depresija, anksioznost i stres) mentalnog zdravlja prije i poslije desetotjednog sudjelovanja u rekreativnim latinoameričkim plesnim aktivnostima, s obzirom na razinu prethodnog plesnog iskustva. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 38 žena raspoređenih u početničku, srednju i naprednu grupu, koje su dvaput ispunile upitnike zadovoljstva tijelom, samopoštovanja te depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Rezultati složenih mješovitih analiza varijanci s ponovljenim mjerenjima nisu pokazali statistički značajne promjene između dvaju mjerenja, kao ni različito mijenjanje grupa tijekom vremena, što upućuje na stabilnost odabranih psiholoških pokazatelja tijekom ispitivanog razdoblja. Međutim, sudionice s duljim plesnim iskustvom (napredna grupa) postigle su više rezultate zadovoljstva tijelom i samopoštovanja u odnosu na ostale grupe što može upućivati na dugoročne pozitivne učinke bavljenja plesnim aktivnostima. Ipak, zbog metodoloških ograničenja, uključujući mali uzorak i neeksperimentalni dizajn našeg istraživanja, nije moguće izvesti uzročno-posljedične zaključke. Kvalitativni podaci prikupljeni u ovom istraživanju sugeriraju kako sudionice percipiraju ples kao subjektivno važan i psihološki koristan aspekt njihove svakodnevice. Buduća istraživanja trebala bi korištenjem longitudinalnih pristupa i većih uzoraka preciznije ispitati ulogu plesa u očuvanju i unapređenju mentalnog zdravlja.The aim of this study was to examine changes in indicators of positive (body satisfaction and self-esteem) and negative (depression, anxiety, and stress) mental health before and after a ten-week participation in a recreational Latin American dance program, considering participants' prior dance experience. Thirty-eight women attending beginner, intermediate, or
advanced dance classes completed self-report questionnaires assessing body satisfaction, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and stress at two time points. Mixed-design repeated measures MANOVAs revealed no statistically significant changes over time, nor any differential changes among the groups over time, indicating stability of selected psychological indicators during the study period. However, participants with more extensive dance experience (advanced group) reported higher body satisfaction and self-esteem compared to the other groups, which may indicate long-term positive effects of engaging in dance activities. Nevertheless, due to methodological limitations such as a small sample size and non-experimental design of our study, causal conclusions cannot be drawn. Qualitative feedback indicates that participants perceive dance as a meaningful and psychologically beneficial activity in their everyday lives. Future studies should involve larger samples and longer study periods to clarify the relationship between recreational dance activities and mental health
The role of the school librarian in integrating different types of literacy and promoting reading – the example of Viktorovac Elementary School Sisak
No full textŠkolska knjižnica, kao odgojno-obrazovni prostor, ima važnu ulogu u podršci nastavnom procesu te razvoju učenikovih jezičnih, informacijskih i komunikacijskih kompetencija. Školski knjižničar, kao stručna osoba te posrednik znanja i informacija, potiče čitateljske navike i doprinosi razvoju različitih oblika pismenosti. U radu se polazi od teorijskog objašnjenja pojma pismenosti te se razlažu njezine temeljne vrste (čitalačka, digitalna, informacijska i medijska) kao i uloga školskog knjižničara u kontekstu osnovnoškolskog obrazovanja. Središnji dio rada posvećen je studiji slučaja Osnovne škole Viktorovac Sisak, konkretno analiziraju se školski projekti opisani na mrežnoj stranici školske knjižnice. U završnom se dijelu rada donosi evaluacija projekata s naglaskom na doprinos školskog knjižničara u integraciji različitih vrsta pismenosti i poticanju čitanja u kontekstu suvremenog obrazovanja. Također je prikazan primjer dobre prakse iz Osnovne škole Zlatar Bistrica u kojemu je školska knjižnica imala središnju ulogu u provedbi Erasmus+ projekta „Responsible Digital Natives“. Cilj je rada istražiti na koji način školski knjižničar, kroz različite projekte, može pridonijeti razvoju pismenosti kod učenika te potaknuti njihovu motivaciju za čitanje.The school library, as an educational space, plays an important role in supporting the teaching process and in developing students’ linguistic, informational and communication competencies. The school librarian, as a professional and intermediary of knowledge and information, encourages reading habits and contributes to the development of various forms of literacy. The paper begins with a theoretical explanation of the concept of literacy, elaborating on its basic types (reading, digital, informational, and media literacy), as well as on the role of the school librarian within primary education. The central part of the thesis is dedicated to a case study of Viktorovac Elementary School in Sisak, specifically focusing on the analysis of school projects described on the school library's website. The final part of the thesis presents an evaluation of the projects, with an emphasis on the school librarian’s contribution to the integration of different types of literacy and the promotion of reading within the context of contemporary education. A case of good practice from Zlatar Bistrica Elementary School is also presented, in which the school library played a central role in the implementation of the Erasmus+ project 'Responsible Digital Natives'." The aim of this paper is to explore how the school librarian, through various projects, can contribute to the development of students' literacy and encourage their motivation for reading