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The political consequences of technological change that benefits low-skilled workers
Full text linkTechnological change often increases demand for high-skilled jobs, with low-skilled losers turning to the populist right in response. The political effects of technological change that increases demand for low-skilled workers are largely unknown. The growth of the salmon fish-farming industry in rural Norway improved the labor-market situation for low-skilled workers, and we find that support for the populist right-wing party increased in municipalities that benefitted from the industry growth. The electoral change is due to a right-wing shift on the economic, but not the cultural dimension. Our results support political economy frameworks that point to lower demand for state interventions after positive labor market shocks, but raise the question of in what contexts support for populism will decline.submittedVersio
Why Not In My BackYard? Verktøy for bedre nabodialog
Full text linkDette verktøyet skal gi innspill til kommuner om hva som kan bidra til bedre nabodialog i ulike faser ved etablering av boliger for mennesker med sammensatte og komplekse utfordringer.
I noen tilfeller vil blant annet utbyggingstiltak i et eksisterende nabolag bli møtt med skepsis. Dette kan forekomme når kommuner planlegger å bygge eller ta i bruk eksisterende boliger til personer med en atferd som kan oppleves utfordrende. Ofte kan skepsisen være basert på fordommer mot enkelte grupper, eller det kan være basert på kjennskap til at negative hendelser i nabolag har oppstått.
Vi har samlet noen erfaringer om hva som bør inngå for å etablere, utvikle og vedlikeholde en god nabodialog både før, under og etter innflytting. Dette verktøyet er et resultat av et felles prosjekt mellom forskere i Geminisenteret for helsefremmende arkitektur og omgivelser (HelsA)1, og samarbeidskommunene Stavanger, Trondheim, Tromsø og Verdal. Med støtte fra Husbanken har Geminisenteret HelsA og de fire kommunene i løpet av et år (2023-2024) hatt jevnlige møter og workshops for å jobbe fram gode grep. Kommunene har gitt innspill til hvilke behov de har og i hvilke tilfeller naboreaksjoner oppleves som særlig utfordrende.publishedVersio
Challenges and Uncertainties in Violence Risk Assessment: A Critical Examination of Practice and National Recommendations and Advice in Norway’s Specialist Mental Health Services
Full text linkIn recent years, there have been several serious incidents in Norway where individuals with serious mental disorders have committed murder after being discharged from psychiatric care units. Several of these incidents have been subject to scrutiny by governmental oversight bodies and have sparked significant societal debates.The Norwegian Directorate of Health recommends the implementation of structured clinical violence risk assessments for patients with severe mental disorders being considered at risk of conducting violence. Reports from oversight authorities have highlighted instances where either violence risk assessments were not conducted prior to patient discharge or where assessments were inadequate. Violence risk assessments in mental health care remain a highly debated topic among professionals. This paper does not explore whether violence risk assessments are appropriate for use in violence prevention efforts or the quality of various assessment tools. Through the analysis of oversight reports and other documents, shortcomings, and errors in the assessment of violence risk in specialized health services are identified, often attributed to lack of expertise and time constraints. This paper questions how incorrect use of violence risk assessment tools can increase uncertainty and how there may be a potential gap between national professional guidelines for violence risk assessments and actual practice. Therefore, it argues for a thorough investigation to evaluate the need for revision of national guidelines or implementation of measures to ensure that clinicians have the necessary expertise and resources to conduct violence risk assessments.publishedVersio
Shedding light on the social and health realities of care-experienced young people in Western Australia: A population-level study
Full text linkBackground:
Young people who were in out-of-home care (OHC) face an accelerated transition to independent adulthood. Current evidence on outcomes for Australian care-leavers is scant.
Objective:
This study aims to develop a better understanding of the outcomes for young people leaving care.
Participants and setting:
A birth cohort of children and young people born in Western Australia (WA) from 1993 to 2008. Three groups were identified and compared: young people with care-experience (OHC Cohort), those with child protection involvement but not care experience (CP Contact Cohort), and peers in the general population (No Contact Cohort).
Methods:
This is a retrospective, population-based study utilising de-identified, linked administrative records provided by the WA state government agencies. Data from the three cohorts were compared through descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and logistic regression modelling.
Results:
The birth cohort contained records for 414,266 individuals. The smallest comparison group in this study was the OHC Cohort (n = 6526), followed by the CP Contact Cohort (n = 78,095), and the No Contact Cohort (n = 329,645). Care-experienced young people in WA fared significantly worse than their peers across the domains of health (physical and mental), disability, education, social housing and criminal justice involvement. Conclusions Those who have had child protection involvement, but have not been placed in care, had better outcomes than those who had been in care. However, their outcomes were still poorer than the population cohort with no child protection contact.publishedVersio
Elevundersøkelsen 2023 : Analyse av Elevundersøkelsen skoleåret 2023/24
Full text linkDenne rapporten er den årlige hovedrapporten av resultatene fra Elevundersøkelsen. I tillegg til denne hovedrapporten er det tidligere i år levert en rapport som omhandler Mobbing på skolen. Oppdragsgiver er Utdanningsdirektoratet.Elevundersøkelsen 2023 : Analyse av Elevundersøkelsen skoleåret 2023/24publishedVersio
Helhetlig forståelse av hjelpetiltak Sluttrapport i prosjektet “Virkning av barnevernets hjelpetiltak”
Full text linkDenne rapporten sammenfatter funnene i prosjektet «Virkning av hjelpetiltak i barnevernet». Prosjektet har vært gjennomført i perioden høsten 2020 til våren 2024 og er et samarbeid mellom NTNU Samfunnsforskning og VID vitenskapelige høgskole, med Bufdir som oppdragsgiver. Prosjektet består av 5 delprosjekter som omhandler virkning av 1) pålagte hjelpetiltak, 2) besøkshjem og støttekontakt, 3) nettverksmobilisering – familie- og nettverksorienterte tiltak, 4) tiltak til barn og unge med minoritetsbakgrunn og 5) COS-P. Denne rapporten er sluttrapporten fra prosjektet og er en sammenfattende rapport som ser mer helhetlig på virkninger av barnevernets hjelpetiltak.publishedVersio
Lesbian and gay individuals' path into foster parenting in Norway—Barriers and facilitators at the person and system levels
Full text linkGrowing numbers of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning (LGBTQ) people are becoming foster parents in several western countries. The LGBTQ perspective on the child welfare system has received little attention in practice, research and policy. Despite their increased rights, LGBTQ foster parents continue to face challenges related to fostering. Knowledge is needed on LGBTQ individual perceptions of the process of becoming foster parents, including barriers and facilitating factors. This paper reports on the experiences of 13 gay or lesbian foster parents in Norway. The study shows a lack of knowledge about the possibility of becoming foster parents due to lack of information directed at them as a minority group. Participants felt vulnerable and experienced “minority stress” before encountering the child welfare system, while mainly experienced the encounter with the staff as good and respectful. Although several valued being treated “like everyone else” by the system, others questioned why LGBTQ-specific parenting issues were not raised and discussed. Apart from lack of information, the process towards foster parenting seemed mostly hampered by participants' own assumptions that sexual identity would be a barrier and to some extent biological parents' refusal. The study suggests that foster care and child welfare services would benefit from information in recruitment of foster parents, aiming at being more inclusive. Furthermore, we address gender and sexuality diversity related to foster care work and highlight the strengths and challenges it may offer.acceptedVersio
Evaluering av kompetanseløftet for spesialpedagogikk og inkluderende praksis : Delrapport 2
Full text linkKompetanseløftet for spesialpedagogikk og inkluderende praksis startet opp i 2021. Det gjorde også evalueringen av kompetanseløftet, og dette er den andre delrapporten fra evalueringen. Delrapporten omhandler særlig det vi omtaler som kompetanseløftets programteori, universitets- og høgskolesektorens rolle i kompetanseløftet og hvordan arbeidet har foregått frem til nå. Vi identifiserer også noen områder som vi mener det er særlig viktig å være oppmerksom på i det fremtidige arbeidet med kompetanseløftet og evalueringen. Rapporten er basert på intervjuer med representanter for Statsforvalteren, intervjudata fra casestudier og spørreskjemadata og rapporter fra statsforvaltere.Evaluering av kompetanseløftet for spesialpedagogikk og inkluderende praksis : Delrapport 2publishedVersio
Personal, peaceful, progressive: Integration workers’ narratives of refugee settlement and the rural
Full text linkSettlement of refugees in rural areas in Norway is part of a national strategy to counter depopulation and thus links to ideas of revitalization and more promising futures for these areas. It also links up to an idea of smaller communities as ‘better at integrating’, as smaller communities both enable and necessitate more contact between the original population and newcomers. How ever, although some municipalities reap advantages of the dispersed settlement policy and succeed in retaining settled refugees, other municipalities ‘fail’. This article explores how the integration of refugees in rural com munities is interpreted by public integration workers in two rural–coastal municipalities where the outcomes differ significantly. Drawing on 15 qualitative interviews, we discuss how integration workers make sense of local integration efforts, and how notions of the rural are (re)produced through their integration narratives. The analysis finds that the integration narratives draw on and reproduce both distinct and overlapping imaginar ies of rural areas. We identify two main imaginaries: the rural as future-oriented and dynamic, and the rural as close-knit and peaceful.publishedVersio