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The influence of active and passive rest on the recovery of high-skill basketball players after a match.
No full textInvestigation problem: In the scientific literature, we can find some reviews of recovery methods in other team sports, such as rugby or soccer, but there is a lack of research on recovery methods in basketball (Huyghe, Calleja-Gonzalez, & Terrados, 2020). Negative player attitudes toward recovery strategies were observed, suggesting a need for better communication, player education, and further research on recovery strategies (Pernigoni et al., 2022). Aim: To evaluate and analyze the influence of active and passive rest on the recovery of high-performance basketball players after the game. Objectives: 1. To assess and compare vertical jump performance and muscle soreness rates by match playing time. 2. To evaluate and compare recovery rates by type of rest. 3. To determine the interrelationships between changes in vertical jump, playing time, subjective effort, muscle soreness and type of rest. 4. To investigate the predictors of post-match vertical jump recovery. Hypothesis: active rest after a match will have a greater impact on the recovery of vertical jump and muscle soreness. Research methods: Vertical jump test, subjects' playing time according to the official match protocol, Borg 6-20 scale, muscle soreness rating scale from 0 to 10 points, Results: It was found that active rest more statistically significantly reduces muscle pain compared to passive rest (p<0.001). Subjects who received an active type of rest showed better recovery of vertical jump score after a day of rest compared to those who received passive rest. The differences in the results are statistically significant (p<0.05). A strong correlation was found between type of rest and vertical jump score and muscle soreness after a day of rest (p<0.001). Conclusion: applying active rest after the game helps to better recover the results of the vertical jump and reduces muscle soreness
Assessment of sports club employees' attitudes towards social Innovations and their Implementation.
No full textResearch Object: The attitude of employees in sports clubs towards social innovations. Research Problem: The application of social innovations in the workplace is still not one of the employer's priority areas. The internal work culture of many sports clubs is not based on the spread of social innovations in work. There are few academic studies evaluating the attitude of sports club employees towards social innovations while analyzing the market of sports clubs operating in Lithuania. Research Methods: The study uses a questionnaire survey. Hypothesis: Sports club employees perceive what social innovations are, positively evaluate the application of social innovations in their work environment and recognize their importance. Research aim: To determine the attitude of employees in sports clubs towards social innovations. Research Objectives: 1. Discuss the concept of social innovation in the context of organizational management. 2. Evaluate the understanding of social innovation among employees working in sports clubs. 3. Assessment of the relationship between the attitudes of employees working in sports clubs towards creativity and the implementation of social innovation. 4. Determine the types of innovations applied in the activities of sports clubs. 5. Assessment of the significance and need for the implementation of social innovation in work activities from the perspective of employees. Results and Conclusions: Social innovation includes ideas, products, services or processes that are designed to solve social problems and promote social integration. Social innovation is an innovative and transformative social process that promotes social or economic change in a certain area of society. From a scientific point of view, social innovations are evaluated as qualitative changes in an organization or society. Social innovations have characteristics that distinguish them from other innovations: innovation, social impact, systemic impact. Many sports club employees only partially understand social innovation as a phenomenon. This indicates that information dissemination and internal communication in the sports club sector in Lithuania is inadequate in this regard. However, it is important that employees are able to identify the characteristics of social innovations, which is important for successfully implementing social innovations and social projects in sports club activities. Sports club employees see social innovation as an important tool for meeting growing social needs and addressing challenges in their work. A creative approach to processes in sports club activities is inseparable from the implementation of social innovation in sports club activities. Creativity is essential for creating innovations because it helps people think in unconventional ways, search for and find unconventional solutions. The work environment is one of the most important factors in promoting creativity. The study showed that sports club employees view their daily work creatively, consider themselves creative, and the work environment also contributes to their creativity. Employees identify the importance of creativity for generating social innovation. In the employees' view, the sports club they work in provides all the conditions for employees' creative self-expression at work. According to employees' evaluation, the most relevant and prevalent type of social innovation in sports club activities is related to the organization of work and the modification of working conditions in sports clubs. The study showed that overall, sports club employees have a positive view of social innovation, understand its importance for the organization and in the social context of the organization's activities. In the employees' view, social innovation is very important and has a positive impact on their work environment. However, although a minority, some sports club employees still do not fully understand the potential and opportunities of all social innovations, especially when it comes to their practical implementation. Recommendations 1. Encourage sports clubs to communicate more and educate their employees about the importance and need for social innovation in their daily work, as well as the benefits it provides. 2. Establish a clear and attractive motivational system that encourages and contributes to the spread of social innovation within the organization and is appealing to employees. 3. Identify factors that suppress employee social initiative and take steps to eliminate them
Effectiveness of interventions for reducing sedentary behaviour in older adults living in long-term care facilities: a protocol for a systematic review /
No full textBackground. Sedentary behaviour (SB) is an important risk factor for several health-related outcomes. The prevalence of SB is alarmingly high in older adults, who spend on average 9.4 h being sedentary each day, making them the most sedentary of all age groups. Objectives. The primary objective of this review is to assess the impact of interventions aimed at reducing SB in older adults (aged 60 years and older) living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The research question for this systematic review is as follows: in older people living in LTCFs, do interventions aimed at reducing SB, compared to usual care, result in a decrease in SB daily time or a reduction in the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts? Data sources. Only peer-reviewed articles will be included in this systematic review, articles will be identified using the PICO method in seven different databases. Participants and interventions. Any primary intervention study (including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies) with the aim to reduce SB daily time or shorten the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts in older adults living in LTCFs will be included. After searching databases, abstracts of the studies will be screened, and, after retrieving full text articles, data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. Study appraisal and synthesis methods. The review will adhere to PRISMA reporting guidelines. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using ROBINS-I or the RoB 2.0 tool and will be discussed with a third reviewer. The data will be grouped according to study design, with separate analysis for randomised and non-randomised designs. Results. The primary outcomes will be SB or time spent sedentary, assessed before and after the intervention. For the outcomes with the same measurement units, the pooled mean differences will be calculated. Standardised mean differences will be calculated for the outcomes with different measurement units. The data not suitable in numbers will be synthesised narratively. The strength of evidence of the outcomes will be assessed using GRADE assessment. If the data are suitable for quantitative analysis, we plan to use the Revman software to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusions and implications of key findings. This protocol can serve as a valuable resource for other researchers interested in conducting similar systematic reviews or meta-analyses in the field of SB and older adult health
Modelling skeletal muscle ageing and repair in vitro /
No full textHealthy skeletal muscle can regenerate after ischaemic, mechanical, or toxin-induced injury, but ageing impairs that regeneration potential. This has been largely attributed to dysfunctional satellite cells and reduced myogenic capacity. Understanding which signalling pathways are associated with reduced myogenesis and impaired muscle regeneration can provide valuable information about the mechanisms driving muscle ageing and prompt the development of new therapies. To investigate this, we developed a high-throughput in vitro model to assess muscle regeneration in chemically injured C2C12 and human myotube-derived young and aged myoblast cultures. We observed a reduced regeneration capacity of aged cells, as indicated by an attenuated recovery towards preinjury myotube size and myogenic fusion index at the end of the regeneration period, in comparison with younger muscle cells that were fully recovered. RNA-sequencing data showed significant enrichment of KEGG signalling pathways, PI3K-Akt, and downregulation of GO processes associated with muscle development, differentiation, and contraction in aged but not in young muscle cells. Data presented here suggest that repair in response to in vitro injury is impaired in aged vs. young muscle cells. Our study establishes a framework that enables further understanding of the factors underlying impaired muscle regeneration in older age
The effect of different physiotheraphy programs on pain and balance in patients after knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
No full textResearch hypothesis. We believe that patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction will experience reduced pain and improved balance following different physical therapy programs. Research aim. To assess the effect of different physiotherapy programs on pain and balance in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee joint. Research tasks: 1. To evaluate the change in the muscle strength of the lower limbs of individuals before and after physiotherapy programs. 2. To evaluate the change in the range of motion of the lower limbs on individuals before and after physiotherapy programs. 3. To evaluate the change in the balance of individuals before and after physiotherapy programs. 4. To compare the effects of different physiotherapy programs on the balance, strength and range of movements of individuals after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligaments of the knee joint. Research methods. The study included 30 individuals undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, of whom 16 were male and 14 were female. The clinical method of balance testing is designed to assess static and dynamic balance, the Berg balance scale. A visual analog pain scale (VAS) is used for pain assessment. Measurement of the range of motion of the knee joint using a goniometer. Muscle strength is evaluated using the Lovett test. Evaluation of health-related quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire Conclusions: 1. Pain significantly decreased in both groups at the end of the study. 2. After initial rehabilitation, muscle strength increased significantly in both groups. The increase in muscle strength after initial rehabilitation and after rehabilitation treatment did not differ significantly between the groups. 3. At the end of the rehabilitation, the range of motion through the knee joint improved significantly in both groups. 4. After physiotherapy, both in the water and land-based, the balance improved statistically significantly in both groups
Associations between physical fitness, participation in physical education and psychological health indicators in 5-12 grades.
No full textProblem. Do, and how do, students' physical fitness, participation in physical education classes and mental health relate? Research aim. To determine the associations of physical fitness and participation in physical education classes in grades 5-12 with students' psychological well-being and psychological distress. Research objectives: 1. To assess and compare the physical fitness and physical education attendance of basic education school students by age and gender. 2. To assess and compare the mental health indicators - psychological distress and psychological well-being of basic education school students by age and gender. 3. To identify the associations between physical fitness, physical education class attendance and psychological distress and psychological well-being. Hypothesis: Higher physical fitness is associated with better mental health and more frequent participation in physical education classes. Methods. Physical fitness (PF) was measured with the Eurofit test battery. Participation in physical education (PE) classes was assessed by individual questions. Psychological distress was measured by the Kessler-6 scale, and psychological well-being with the WHO-5 questionnaire. Results. All PF tests were better in older students (p<0.001) and in boys (p<0.05), except flexibility and balance (p<0.001). Girls were 4.3% more likely to miss FP lessons than boys. Older pupils (p<0.001) and girls (2.2 time more than boys) had worse mental health. Higher PF and 2.7% lower body mass index (BMI) were found in those who do not miss PE. Pupils with better mental health had 2.01 % lower BMI and higher PF scores. Conclusion. Higher physical fitness is associated with attendance at physical education classes, and better mental health
A Nrf2-OSGIN1&2-HSP70 axis mediates cigarette smoke-induced endothelial detachment: implications for plaque erosion /
No full textAims: Endothelial erosion of plaques is responsible for ∼30% of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Smoking is a risk factor for plaque erosion, which most frequently occurs on the upstream surface of plaques where the endothelium experiences elevated shear stress. We sought to recreate these conditions in vitro to identify potential pathological mechanisms that might be of relevance to plaque erosion. Methods and results: Culturing human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) under elevated flow (shear stress of 7.5 Pa) and chronically exposing them to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) recapitulated a defect in HCAEC adhesion, which corresponded with augmented Nrf2-regulated gene expression. Pharmacological activation or adenoviral overexpression of Nrf2 triggered endothelial detachment, identifying Nrf2 as a mediator of endothelial detachment. Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF15) expression was elevated in this model, with protein expression elevated in the plasma of patients experiencing plaque erosion compared with plaque rupture. The expression of two Nrf2-regulated genes, OSGIN1 and OSGIN2, was increased by CSE and TNFα under elevated flow and was also elevated in the aortas of mice exposed to cigarette smoke in vivo. Knockdown of OSGIN1&2 inhibited Nrf2-induced cell detachment. Overexpression of OSGIN1&2 induced endothelial detachment and resulted in cell cycle arrest, induction of senescence, loss of focal adhesions and actin stress fibres, and disturbed proteostasis mediated in part by HSP70, restoration of which reduced HCAEC detachment. In ACS patients who smoked, blood concentrations of HSP70 were elevated in plaque erosion compared with plaque rupture. Conclusion: We identified a novel Nrf2-OSGIN1&2-HSP70 axis that regulates endothelial adhesion, elevated GDF15 and HSP70 as biomarkers for plaque erosion in patients who smoke, and two therapeutic targets that offer the potential for reducing the risk of plaque erosion
Elektrostimuliacija, pacientų, sergančių veido paralyžiumi, reabilitacijoje.
No full textMany rehabilitation methods can be used for improving facial muscle function. It has been seen in the literature that one of the rehabilitation techniques is Electrical Stimulation for the facial palsy. In this meta-analysis researcher aims to find out the effect of electrical stimulation towards recovery of facial function. Furthermore, this meta-analysis will provide recommendations to future physiotherapistand researchers regarding to effectiveness of ES. Research Object: Electrical Stimulation in Facial Palsy Rehabilitation. Aim of Research: To analyze that whether by using electrical stimulation in facial palsy helps inimproving facial expression by activating facial muscles. Objectives of the Study: To investigate the impact of electrical stimulation on reactivation of paralyzed facial muscles. Research Methodology: • Recent articles (published between 2014-2022) were searched and screened according to inclusionand exclusion criteria. • Analysis of 16 Articles (10 Randomized Clinical Trials and 6 Case reports), on the basis of Sunnybrook facial gradingsystem and House-Brackmann score outcome measures. Result: The mean age of participants in individual was 40.26 ± 17.3. The pre-treatment average score of participants of Randomized Clinical Trial’s recorded through Sunnybrook Facial Grading was 25.82 and House-Brackmann was 3.8. While the post-treatment means value of Randomized Clinical Trials. For Sunnybrook Facial Grading was 63.4 and House-Brackmann was 2.05. As for Case reports mean age of the participants was 34.1years and the pre-treatment score for Sunnybrook Facial Grading was 42.75 and for House-Brackmann was 4. For posttreatment Sunnybrook Facial Grading score was improved up to 83.5 and House-Brackmann score was up to1.6. Conclusion: As results showed that, Electrical Stimulation has clinically positive effects on improvement of facial muscle activation by which it becomes easier for the patient to make facialexpressions. So, Electrical Stimulation is an effective tool in facial palsy rehabilitation
Formation of a humanistic vision of digital-hrm in the organization under the conditions of industry 4.0.
No full textThe relevance the of forming a humanistic visionable European experience research of digital-HRM in the organization in INDUSTRIAL 4.0 conditions (Human capital management) is connected with the rapid digital economic development, a new generation of information technologies, such as the Internet, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence. They have become a new driving force for the qualitative economic development. With the human resource management progress, the technical factors of the organization’s development gradually begin to lean towards human factors, the future advantages of the enterprise development will depend more on the professionals’ advantages. The purpose of the researchis the theoretical and practical aspects of the study of the humanistic vision in the organization in digital-HRM formation in the INDUSTRIAL 4.0 conditions. Research objectives: 1) to analyze human resources management as a response to the main digitization and globalization challenges; 2) to investigate the human resource management in the context of human resource trainings for the implementation of the organization’s strategical effectiveness; 3) justify the directions of reforming the concepts of human resources management and their components in the context of the humanistic vision of digital-HRM in the organization. Research result. It has been proven that in the INDUSTRIAL 4.0 conditions. DigitaL-HRM as an important part of organization management undergoes changes caused by digital transformation, and the emergence of digital human resources management (digital-HRM) has put before the practice of human resources management changes it, the need to adapt to current trends, new behavior users and new work methods. Digital tools will improve the onboarding of new employees (for example, by giving them access to a digital platform designed to facilitate onboarding), allowing employees to offer a quality digital experience in their work environment
Stress levels among winter swimmers, firefighters, martial arts athletes in Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Spain /
No full textBackground & Study Aims: Pro-health behaviours may have the form of habits and goal-oriented activities. The first are mainly shaped by social influence and have the form of long-term patterns of automatized behaviours (e.g., bodily hygiene, eating habits). On the other hand, goal-oriented activities are shaped during the course of individual development and the self-creation of one’s lifestyle. The aim of the current study was knowledge about stress levels between winter swimmers and martial arts athletes (pro-health behaviours) on the one hand, firefighters and non-athletes having a sedentary behaviour (anti-health behaviours) on the other. Material & Methods: The study was carried out in Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Spain. A total of 542 individuals participated, including 72 winter swimmers, 358 martial arts athletes, 49 professional firefighters, and 63 non-athletes. The Perception of Stress Questionnaire by M. Plopa and R. Makarowski (2010) was used to measure emotional tension, external stress, and intrapsychic stress. Results: From among the 11 samples, the highest total stress levels and external stress levels were reported by firefighters. The lowest levels of external and intrapsychic stress were reported by winter swimmers, while the lowest levels of emotional tension were reported by Lithuanian martial arts athletes. The lowest total stress levels were reported by winter swimmers and Lithuanian martial arts athletes. Male martial arts athletes from Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia reported higher stress levels than female athletes. Conclusions: Physical fitness alone, possessed by professional firefighters, is an insufficient buffer against stress, in contrast to winter swimmers. Pro-health behaviours, that is, training in martial arts and winter swimming, lowers external stress, intrapsychic stress, and emotional tension. If conditions permit it, winter swimming together with training in martial arts may lower stress