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Fracture strength of teeth restored with fiber post and apical plug
Get PDFIntroduction: The aim of this study was to assess the fracture strength of immature single-rooted teeth restored with fiber post and apical plug.
Materials &Methods: In this experimental study, fifty mandibular premolars were divided into five groups. The coronal and apical portions were cut to obtain15±1 mm root lengths and cleaning &shaping were performed. Peeso reamer #4 was passed the apex by 1 mm to simulate an immature tooth and the apical portion in group 1 to 5 was filled by lateral compaction of 5 mm of gutta-percha; 5 mm of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA); 5mm of calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement; 3 mm of MTA and 2 mm of gutta-percha by vertical condensation and 3 mm of CEM cement and 2 mm of gutta-percha, respectively. The remaining portion was restored with glass fiber post and self-etch cement and composite cores were built. Compressive load was applied at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute at 90 ° angle until fracture in a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in SPSS16.
Results: The mean±SD fracture strength was recorded 607.8±162.41 N, 700.48±183.24 N, 595.16±171.77 N, 886.36±382.92N, and 868.87±440.36 N in groups one to five, respectively. No significant difference was observed among the experimental groups (p=0.1).
Conclusion: In immature teeth requiring an apical plug, fiber post can be placed directly on the MTA and CEM apical plugs and there is no need for placing gutta-percha on the plug
Comparison of diagnosis of VUR nephropathy by urinary level of ceruloplasmin with DMSA-Scan in children
Get PDFBackground: Children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are at risk of recurrent pyelonephritis, kidney scars, hypertension, and renal failure. Currently, VUR complications can be diagnosed by different imaging methods such as sonography, intravenous pyelography and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan, having certain limitations. Urinary level of ceruloplasmin (Cp) might be an effective non-radiological method. The aim of this study was to compare the urinary level of Cp with DMSA scan in the diagnosis of VUR complications.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Pediatric Research Center of Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran. Subjects consisted of 61 children with VUR, diagnosed by voiding cystoureterography (VCUG) and undergone either DMSA scan or urine Cp measurement. VUR stages and complications of the cases were evaluated using serum and urinary renal parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results: Among them, 80.3% were girls with a mean age of 7.2±3.8 years. Mean Cp urine level was statistically different between VUR sides in DMSA scan (unilateral: 269.56 vs. bilateral: 450.42 µg/dL) (P=0.034, r =0.273), but was not statistically different among various VUR degrees (P=0.102, r=0.211), different ages and genders (P>0.05).
Conclusions: Urinary level of Cp was not statistically different among VUR degrees, but was higher in bilateral VUR cases, indicating Cp can be used as a safe, non-invasive, and cheap measurement tool for screening test. Further studies are required to confirm Cp as an effective method
Determination and comparison of the expression levels of various germ cell-specific genes in human bone marrow- and peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Get PDFBackground: A number of reports have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various sources expressed a number of germ cell (GC)-specific genes innately, but almost none of these studies were quantitative in nature. This study, however, tried to determine and compare the expression levels of some famous GC-specific genes in human male bone marrow (BM)- and peripheral blood (PB)-MSCs.
Methods: Human BM- and PB-MSCs were isolated using a density gradient factor and centrifuging. Then, Passage 3 of both cell types were characterized through flow cytometric analysis and the differentiation test. They were then evaluated by real time RT-PCR for the expression levels of GC-specific genes.
Results: Both cell types obviously expressed c-kit, Dazl, Fragilis, Itgb1, Nanos3, Oct4 and Blimp1 at high levels. The only exception was Itgb1, which was expressed at a higher level in PB-MSCs than in BM-MSCs (p<0.05). The levels of expression for other markers were almost similar in both cell types. Different levels of Itgb1 expression could be due to their different niches. Furthermore, both cell types were negative for Fkbp6, Stra8, Scp3, Tex13 and Vasa, and they both expressed Stella weakly. Moreover, it should be stated that BM-MSCs had low expression levels of Piwil2, and that this marker was not expressed in PB-MSCs.
Conclusion: Overall, it could be concluded that BM- and PB-MSCs have a little bit different GC-specific gene expression patterns. Although these results are very revealing, many detailed and creative research studies need to be conducted to find appropriate ways of using MSCs in cell-based therapies of infertility
A comparative study of the quality of life of the elderly between the members of the supportive community and the non-members
Get PDFBackground: It is generally assumed that menopause and other age-related physiological changes can significantly decline the quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life of the elderly members of a supportive community (Jahandidgan Organization Health Center) with the non-members of the supportive community.
Methods: This study measured the level of the quality of life in 344 elderly people using the original Lipad Life Quality questionnaire for the elderly. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, and chi-square test, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used.
Results: The means for the quality of life in elderly members of supportive community and non-members were 63.9 ± 12.6 and 62.8 ± 12.5, respectively, so there was not a statistically significant difference. The quality of life of older adults was significantly correlated with the level of education, their housing status, and diseases (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The quality of life of the elderly is not only influenced by demographic variables, but it is also affected by various social, economic, cultural variables, and diseases. Hence, the social participation of the elderly is needed to be investigated and taken into account by policymakers
Effect of insertion angles and reusing procedure on mini-screws' mechanical properties
No full textRetrieving mini-screw reduces treatment cost. However, one notable factor in this issue could be insertion angle. This study evaluates influence of insertion angles (50 and 90) and reusing procedure on mechanical properties of mini-screws. In this in-vitro experimental study mini-screws were inserted with 90 and 50 angles in initial and second application. Mechanical properties were measured by Maximum insertion, removal and fracture torque of all test and control groups. Data were analyzed with T test, Paired T-test and ANOVA. In addition surface morphology of mini-screw after initial insertion with 90 and 50 angles and as-received mini-screw were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mini-screws with 50 degree insertion angle showed higher insertion and removal torque values in initial application than 90 does (p< 0.001). These measures were changed insignificantly between initial and second application for samples which were inserted with 90 degree for both application sections. The difference of maximum fracture torque in retrieved and controlled groups was insignificant as well. Scanning electron microscope showed no gross surface changes in retrieved mini-screws, but surface roughness was observed which were highest in samples with 50 degree insertion angles. Reusing mini-screws with 90 degree insertion angle has no adverse effect on their mechanical properties. In addition the reduction of mechanical properties of retrieved miniscrews which were inserted with fifty degree placement angle for both application sections however is acceptable for clinical setting
Evaluation of serum Malondialdehyde level in patients with oral lichen planus
Get PDFIntroduction: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a useful determinant to show high level of lipid peroxidation which lead to impaired cell function. Previous studies have mentioned there is a relationship between high oxidative stress and low anti-oxidant activity in patients with oral lichen planus. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum level of Malondialdehyde as an indicator of oxidative stress in patients with oral lichen planus which is a chronic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive-comparative study evaluated the oxidative stress status on twenty patients with oral lichen planus and 20 control healthy individuals based on serum level of Malondialdehyde.
Results: The mean serum Malondialdehyde levels in oral lichen planus patients and control individuals were 2.9 (±2) and 2.4 (±1.3) µg/ml, respectively, indicating no significant difference (P=0.6).
Conclusion: According to the results, role of Malondialdehyde in cellular damage and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus was not proved
Evaluation of knowledge toward oral cancer and treatment complications among general dentists of babol, iran (2015)
Get PDFIntroduction: Oral cancer is the most common malignancy in head and neck region. Primary diagnosis is critical and low knowledge of dentists can lead to improper or delayed diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of general dentists regarding oral cancer and the complications of its treatment in Babol, Iran.
Materials &Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on all general dentists working in Babol. Seventy-six dentists entered into the study and filled out the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: Mean score of knowledge in the group with more than 21-years-experience was significantly higher than the group with less than 10-years-experience (p=0.017). There was a positive correlation between total knowledge and years of experience (p=0.001). There was no significant relationship between other criteria with total score of knowledge (p.0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that knowledge the babol dentists’ regarding oral cancer and cancer treatment complications is not sufficient
Autoimmune thyroid disease in northern Iranian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Amirkola Endocrine Clinic
Get PDFBackground: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as an autoimmune disorder is associated with other autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid (AIT) disease. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AIT in children who were referred to Amirkola Endocrine Clinic (north of Iran).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 diabetic children aged 1-15 years during 2008-2013, who were referred to the pediatric endocrine clinic. Serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibodies and Thyrotropin Stimulating Hormone (TSH) were measured by Immune Chemiluminescence assay, and demographic information was obtained from patients'medical records. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.
Results: AIT was found in 13% of patients (8% female and 5% male). Significant levels were found for Anti-TPO (3%), anti-Tg (2%), and both antibodies (8%) in patients with AIT. Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 8 of 13 patients with AIT versus 2 of 87 patients without AIT (P<0.001). AIT was seen in 9% of diabetic children who had diabetes for less than one year versus 4% of the rest of diabetic children with duration more than one year (p<0 .0001).
Conclusion: Because the majority of diabetic children with significant titers of antibodies developed thyroid disease, so thyroid function tests are necessary to reduce the risk of undiagnosed hypothyroidism in these patients
The comparison of antibacterial effect of propolis , sodium hypochlorite 5.25%, and chlorhexidine 2% as intracanal irrigants against enterococcus faecalis: an ex vivo study
Get PDFIntroduction: Debridement of root canal using appropriately safe and effective irrigants is the key factor for long-term success. Purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of propolis with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, and 2% chlorhexidine against enterococcus faecalis.
Materials &Methods: In this study, 36 single-canal roots were used. The crown was removed and instrumentation was prepared by step-back technique, then teeth were sterilized and contaminated with E. Faecalis, and divided into four groups with 9 cases: group1: Propolis, group2: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, group3: 2% chlorhexidine and group4: controls. Irrigants were injected by a 27-gauge syringe and roots were incubated in 37°C for one week. Sampling was done and inoculated to tryptone soy broth media, after 24 hours the turbidity was measured. Samples were also cultured on agar plates, and colony-forming units were counted as CFU/ml. Data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The difference between propolis with mean value of 246.77 colonies and chlorhexidine with mean value of zero colonies, was significant (P=.002). Similarly, the difference between chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite with mean value 203.55 of colonies was significant and they had significant difference in turbidity (P=.002), too. No significant difference was observed between propolis and sodium hypochlorite with regard to the induced colonies (P=0.781) and their turbidity (P=0.495).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that antibacterial activity of 2% chlorhexidine against E. faecalis is more obvious than propolis or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. But antibacterial activity of propolis over 5.25% sodium hypochlorite or vice versa was not confirmed
Tissue eosinophils as a histopathological marker in oral premalignant and malignant lesions: a histochemical study
Get PDFIntroduction: Although recent studies show the association of eosinophils with different tumors including oral malignancies, the role of eosinophils in premalignant conditions of the oral cavity is not known precisely. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the number of eosinophils in premalignant and malignant conditions of the oral cavity and its role in progression to malignancy.
Materials &Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 50 samples with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 18 with verrucous carcinoma, 13 with erosive lichen planus, and 10 with leukoplakia with mild dysplasia after confirmation of histopathological diagnosis. The samples were stained with Sirius Red. The total numbers of eosinophils in 10 areas were counted at a magnification of 400x (eosinophil/10HPF). Data are analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman’s correlation test.
Results: The mean number of eosinophils in OSCC, verrucous carcinoma, erosive lichen planus, and leukoplakia with mild dysplasia was 90.26, 59.72, 11.08 and 0.0 eosinophil/10HPF respectively. The mean number of eosinophils was significantly higher in malignant (OSCC and verrucous carcinoma) than premalignant (erosive lichen planus and leukoplakia with mild dysplasia) lesions of the oral cavity (P=0.0001). No significant correlation was found between the number of eosinophils with histopathologic grade, gender, and age in OSCC samples.
Conclusion: The greater number of eosinophils is seen in malignant than premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. It is recommended to consider the high number of eosinophils in premalignant lesions as an indicator for a more potential of preliminary oral lesions to undergo malignant transformation